• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.382-386
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• 1998

titanate and a silicon carbide/zirconium diboride particulate composite have each been blended with thermoplastic of aqueous binders and extruded. The green extrudates have diameters ranging between 50 and 150 ㎛ and polyethylene-base 150 ${\mu}m$ diameter fibers can be drawn down at elevated temperature to approximately 40 ${\mu}m$ diameter. Hollow fibers with 150${\mu}m$ outer and 90 ${\mu}m$ inner diameter can also be fabricated. Green fibers have been processed into chopped fiber felts for use as gas distributors/current collectors in an experimental solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and the first attempts at producing simple textile structures have been successful. The fibers, tubes and felts have been successfully debound and sintered and characterization of the sintered PSZ fibers, for example, has revealed a density in excess of 99% and tensile failure stresses up to 1.0 GPa for 78 ${\mu}m$ diameter fibers.

• Composites Research
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.181-187
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• 2017

나노 및 마이크로 크기의 철(Fe), 마그네타이트($Fe_3O_4$) 및 니켈(Ni) 입자가 분산된 열가소성 폴리우레탄(TPU) 접착필름에서 각 금속의 크기 및 형상 그리고 피착재의 종류에 따른 접착필름의 유도가열 거동을 연구하였다. 연구결과 동일한 첨가량 및 유사한 입자 크기에서 철과 니켈이 분산된 열가소성 TPU 접착필름에 비해 마그네타이트가 분산된 TPU 접착필름의 발열이 높게 나타났다. 철과 니켈의 입자 크기가 자기장의 표면 침투 깊이(Penetration skin depth) 보다 클 경우 와전류에 의한 발열로 인해 입자 크기가 커질수록 초기 승온속도와 최고 온도가 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 서로 다른 형태를 갖는 니켈 입자를 사용한 유도가열 실험 결과 편상(flake)의 입자가 TPU 접착필름에 분산되었을 때 자기이력(Magnetic hysteresis)에 의한 열 발생으로 가장 높은 발열이 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 또한 금속 입자가 분산된 TPU 접착필름이 서로 다른 피착재에 적용되었을 때 발열현상이 상이하게 나타났으며 피착재의 열전도도에 따른 결과를 확인하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2014

Weatherstrip coatings of urethane and silicon type which are fit to EPDM and thermoplastic materials are used in sealing systems for automotive applications for noise reduction and high slip characteristics for external applications, respectively. Polyurethane binder was successfully synthesized from poly(butyladiphate)diol (PBAD), poly(tetramethylene)glycol (PTMG) and isocyanate as starting materials. Then, polyurethane coating agents were prepared by using various additives. To investigate effects of segment types on the abrasion resistance of polyurethane coating agents, thin films based on polyurethane coating materials were fabricated. With increasing the amount of hard segment in the coating agent, abrasion resistance, modulus and tensile strength of the coating films were improved, but the elongation of the coating films was decreased.

• 폴리머
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.556-563
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• 2000

일반적으로 열가소성 복합재료는 섬유와 기지재료간의 결합력이 약하다는 단점을 가지고 있어 개발의 한계를 가져왔으나 점차적으로 수지의 개발, 공정의 개선, 계면상의 도입으로 지속적인 물성 향상을 이루고 있다. 특히 계면상의 도입은 외부에서 받은 충격을 잘 흡수할 뿐만 아니라 기지재료와 섬유와의 결합력을 높여 준다. 본 연구에서는 탄소섬유의 전기전도성을 이용하여 전착(electrodeposition)에 의해 탄소섬유와 수지 사이에 계면상을 도입하였으며 계면상 물질과 폴리프로필렌 수지와의 약한 결합력을 개선하기 위해 modified polypropylene을 수지에 첨가하였다. 대표적인 열가소성 수지인 폴리프로필렌을 기지재료로 사용하여 복합재료를 제조하여 층간전단강도, 충격강도 등의 기계적 물성을 평가한 결과, 전착을 통한 계면상을 도입하였을 경우가 물성이 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다. 전착 공정에서는 anhydride 또는 free acid group을 가진 반응성 고분자를 사용하여 수용액상에서 전하 운반체 역할을 수행할 수 있게 하였고 고분자의 종류를 달리하여 계면상 물질의 변화에 따른 복합재료의 물성 차이를 평가하였다. 또한 함침 용액의 농도, 전류밀도 및 전착시간을 변화시키면서 탄소섬유에의 전착수율을 평가하였다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.182-189
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• 2006

In this paper, the adhesion characteristics between a fused silica without or with an anti-sticking layer and a thermoplastic polymer film used in thermal NIL were investigated experimentally in order to identify the release performance of the anti-sticking layer. The anti-sticking layers were derived from fluoroalkylsilanes, (1H, 1 H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyl)trichlorosilane ($F_{13}-OTS$) and (3, 3, 3-trifluoropropyl)trichlorosilane (FPTS), and coated on the silica surface in vapor phase. The commercial polymers, mr-I 7020 and 8020 (micro resist technology, GmbH), for thermal NIL were spin-coated on Si substrate with a rectangular island which was fabricated by conventional microfabrication process to achieve small contact area and easy alignment of flat contact sur- faces. Experimental conditions were similar to the process conditions of thermal NIL. When the polymer film on the island was separated from the silica surface after imprint process, the adhesion force between the silica surface and the polymer film was measured and the surfaces of the silica and the polymer film after the separation were observed. As a result, the anti-sticking layers remarkably reduced the adhesion force and the surface damage of polymer film and the chain length of silane affects the adhesion characteristics. The anti-sticking layers derived from FPTS and $F_{13}-OTS$ reduced the adhesion force per unit area to 38% and 16% of the silica sur-faces without an anti-sticking layer, respectively. The anti-sticking layer derived from $F_{13}-OTS$ was more effective to reduce the adhesion, while both of the anti-sticking layers prevented the surface damages of the polymer film. Finally, it is also found that the adhesion characteristics of mr-I 7020 and mr-I 8020 polymer films were similar with each other.

• 공업화학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.424-432
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• 1996

열가소성 고분자 복합재료 개발을 위하여 매트릭스수지로는 폴리프로필렌(PPF) 섬유를 사용하고 유기계 강화섬유로 비닐론(VF), 아라미드(KF) 및 나일론(PAF) 섬유 등을 사용하여 복합매트를 얻은다음 압축 성형하여 고분자 복합재료를 제조하였다. 제조한 고분자 복합재료의 충격 특성 및 형태학적 특성 등을 측정하였다. 아이조드충격강도는 VF/PP가 크며, 고속충격특성은 KF/PP계가 약간 크게 나타났다. Ductility Index(Dl)는 VF/PP>KF/PP>PAF/PP 순으로 나타났으며 VF/PP의 최대 DI값은 섬유중량분율이 20%일 때 2.43이었다. 유기섬유 충전률은 20~30%가 최적값이었으며 SEM 관찰로 섬유분산상태 및 배향성은 양호함을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 VF/PP 복합재료가 KF/PP 및 PAF/PP 복합재료에 비해 계면접착력이 가장 우수하였다.

• 폴리머
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2011

The synthesis of well-defined poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene) (SIBS) triblock copolymers was accomplished by cationic sequential block copolymerization of isobutylene (IB) with styrene (St) using 1,4-di(2-chloro-2-propyl) benzene (DCC) /$TiCl_4$/2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine(DtBP) as an initiating system in methyl chloride ($CH_3Cl$)/methylcyclohexane(MeChx) (50/50 v/v) solvent mixture at $-80^{\circ}C$. The triblock copolymers exhibited excellent thermoplastic and elastomeric characteristics. Tensile strengths and Shore hardness increased with increasing polystyrene (PS) content, while elongation at break decreased. The blood-compatibility of SIBS was assessed by SEM observation of the platelet adhesion, blood clotting time and haemolysis ratio. The haemolysis ratios were below 5% which met the medical materials standard. The platelet adhesion test further indicated that SIBS block copolymers had a good blood compatibility.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2018

Purpose: To investigate positional uncertainty and its correlation with clinical parameters in spine stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) using thermoplastic mask (TM) immobilization. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 patients who underwent spine SBRT for cervical or upper thoracic spinal lesions were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with image guidance using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and 4 degrees-of-freedom (DoF) positional correction. Initial, pre-treatment, and post-treatment CBCTs were analyzed. Setup error (SE), pre-treatment residual error (preRE), post-treatment residual error (postRE), intrafraction motion before treatment (IM1), and intrafraction motion during treatment (IM2) were determined from 6 DoF manual rigid registration. Results: The three-dimensional (3D) magnitudes of translational uncertainties (mean ${\pm}$ 2 standard deviation) were $3.7{\pm}3.5mm$ (SE), $0.9{\pm}0.9mm$ (preRE), $1.2{\pm}1.5mm$ (postRE), $1.4{\pm}2.4mm$ (IM1), and $0.9{\pm}1.0mm$ (IM2), and average angular differences were $1.1^{\circ}{\pm}1.2^{\circ}$ (SE), $0.9^{\circ}{\pm}1.1^{\circ}$ (preRE), $0.9^{\circ}{\pm}1.1^{\circ}$ (postRE), $0.6^{\circ}{\pm}0.9^{\circ}$ (IM1), and $0.5^{\circ}{\pm}0.5^{\circ}$ (IM2). The 3D magnitude of SE, preRE, postRE, IM1, and IM2 exceeded 2 mm in 18, 0, 3, 3, and 1 patients, respectively. No association were found between all positional uncertainties and body mass index, pain score, and treatment location (p > 0.05, Mann-Whitney test). There was a tendency of intrafraction motion to increase with overall treatment time; however, the correlation was not statistically significant (p > 0.05, Spearman rank correlation test). Conclusion: In spine SBRT using TM immobilization, CBCT and 4 DoF alignment correction, a minimum residual translational uncertainty was 2 mm. Shortening overall treatment time and 6 DoF positional correction may further reduce positional uncertainties.

• Composites Research
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 단방향, 직교방향, 임의의 방향 총 세 방향성을 가진 아마섬유에 첨가형 난연제로 널리 쓰이는 나노클레이를 분사한 뒤, 이 섬유를 복합재료의 제조에 사용하였다. 나노클레이는 분산성이 다른 세가지 분사방법을 사용하였으며, 제조에 사용한 기지재는 열가소성 수지인 폴리프로필렌과 열경화성 수지인 에폭시이다. 다구찌 실험계획법을 이용해서 실험을 단순화 하였으며, 실험결과 인장강도, 탄성계수, 총 충격흡수에너지, 열 방출율에 대한 최적의 복합재료 제조 조건을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2022

Thermoforming is a plastic manufacturing process that applies a force to stretch a film of heated thermoplastic material over an engineered mold to create a 3-dimensional shape. After forming, the shaped part can then be trimmed and finished to specification to meet an end-user's requirements. The process and thermoplastic materials are extremely versatile and can be utilized to manufacture parts for a very wide range of applications. In this study, based on K-BKZ nonlinear viscoelastic model, thermoforming process analysis was performed for an interior room-lamp. The predicted thickness was minimum at the corner of a molded film, and maximum at the center of the bottom. By using the Taguchi method of design of experiments, the effects of process conditions on residual stresses were investigated. The dominant factors were the liner thickness and the film heating time. As the thickness of the liner increased, the residual stress decreased. And it was found that the residual stress decreased significantly when the film heating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature. A thermoforming mold and a trimming mold were manufactured, and the spring back was investigated through experiments. The dominant factors were film heating time, liner thickness, and lower mold temperature. As the film heating time and liner thickness increased, the spring back decreased. In addition, it was found that the spring back decreased as the lower mold temperature increased.