• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.242-242
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• 2007

To verify the applicability of High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) cable system into the real grid, the HTS cable system with the specification of 22.9 kV, 1250 A, 100 m long was installed in the second quarter of 2006, and the long term field test has been in progress at the KEPCO's Gochang power testing yard. Apart from the conventional power cable, HTS cable system requires sufficient thermo-mechanical strength to endure a large temperature difference. To date, the KEPCO HTS cable system was cooled down and warmed to the room temperature several times to investigate the influence of thermal cycles experimentally. Dielectric properties, critical current dependance and heat losses were evaluated at each step of thermal cycle. The test results showed that thermal cycle did not induce the degradation of dielectric properties, and the critical current decreased to 5 % of the initial value.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.469-488
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• 2019

We in this paper study nonlinear bending of a functionally graded porous nanobeam subjected to multiple physical load based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory. For more reasonable analysis of nanobeams made of porous functionally graded magneto-thermo-electro-elastic materials (PFGMTEEMs), both constituent materials and the porosity appear gradient distribution in the present expression of effective material properties, which is much more suitable to the actual compared with the conventional expression of effective material properties. Besides the displacement function regarding physical neutral surface is introduced to analyze mechanical behaviors of beams made of FGMs. Then we derive nonlinear governing equations of PFGMTEEMs beams using the principle of Hamilton. To obtain analytical solutions, a two-step perturbation method is developed in nonuniform electric field and magnetic field, and then we use it to solve nonlinear equations. Finally, the analytical solutions are utilized to perform a parametric analysis, where the effect of various physical parameters on static bending deformation of nanobeams are studied in detail, such as the nonlocal parameter, strain gradient parameter, the ratio of nonlocal parameter to strain gradient parameter, porosity volume fraction, material volume fraction index, temperature, initial magnetic potentials and external electric potentials.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.377-390
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• 2024

Analyzing thermoelastic, elastoplastic, and residual stresses is pivotal for deepening our insights into material characteristics, particularly in the engineering of advanced materials like functionally graded materials (FGM). This research delves into these stress types within a thick-walled sphere composed of Al-SiC FGM, employing a detailed successive approximation method (SAM) to pinpoint stress distributions under varied loading scenarios. Our investigation centers on how the sphere's structure responds to different magnitudes of internal pressure. We discover that under various states-thermoelastic, elastoplastic, and residual-the radial stresses are adversely impacted, manifesting negative values due to the compressive nature induced by internal pressures. Notably, the occurrence of reverse yielding, observed at pressures above 410 MPa, merits attention due to its significant implications on the sphere's structural integrity and operational efficacy. Employing the SAM allows us to methodically explore the nuanced shifts in material properties across the sphere's thickness. This study not only highlights the critical behaviors of Al-SiC FGM spheres under stress but also emphasizes the need to consider reverse yielding phenomena to maintain safety and reliability in their application. We advocate for ongoing refinement of analytical techniques to further our understanding of stress behaviors in various FGM configurations, which could drive the optimized design and practical application of these innovative materials in diverse engineering fields.

• 폴리머
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.298-304
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• 2006

폴리(비닐 알코올)(PVA)과 폴리(아크릴산-말레산) 공중합체(PAM) 혼합물은 증류수를 사용하여 용액 블렌딩으로 제조하였다. 제조된 블렌드 필름은 다양한 PAM 농도에 따라 변하는 열적-기계적 성질, 모폴로지 및 가스 투과도를 측정하였다. 블렌드 필름의 전이온도 ($T_g$와 $T_m$)는 PAM의 농도에 관계없이 일정한 값을 가졌다. 그러나, 용융 엔탈피 $({\Delta}H_m)$와 초기 분해온도 $({T_D}^i)$는 PAM 함량이 증가됨에 따라 서서히 감소하였다. 인장 강도와 초기 인장 탄성률은 PAM 함량이 12 wt% 일 때 최대값을 나타냈으며, PAM 함량이 15 wt% 가 되면 오히려 감소하였다. PVA/PAM 필름의 가스 투파도는 PVA 블렌드 용액을 폴리 (에틸렌 테레프탈레이트)(PET)와 이축 연신한 폴리프로필렌(BOPP) 필름 위에 코팅하여 측정하였다. 산소 투과도 $(O_2\;TR)$는 PAM의 함량이 $0{\sim}12wt%$ 까지 증가됨에 따라 코팅된 PET 와 BOPP 필름 모두 일정하게 감소하였지만, 수증기 투과도 (MVTR)는 첨가된 PAM 농도에 무관하게 일정하였다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.371-378
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• 2012

3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxy silane(GPTMS)으로 친수성의 실리카 나노입자(SNPs)를 소수화하였으며, 소수화된 SNPs를 폴리우레탄-우레아(PUU) 에멀젼과 혼합하여 SNPs/PUU 나노복합체 필름을 제조하였다. 필름 제조 후 PUU 매트릭스 내 SNPs의 함량, SNPs 표면의 소수화 정도, 에폭시 그룹과의 열경화 반응 여부가 필름의 물성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. SNP 표면에 도입된 GPTMS의 최대 함량은 $1.99{\times}10^{-6}\;mol/m^2$로 SNP 표면적 기준으로 약 53% 수준이었다. GPTMS에 의한 소수화로 PUU 매트릭스 내 SNPs의 분산성이 향상되었으며, SNPs 함량이 5 wt.%에서 20 wt.%로 증가함에 따라 SNPs/PUU 나노복합체 필름의 유연성은 감소하였으나, 열 안정성은 증가하였다. 특히 Young's modulus와 tensile modulus는 에폭시의 열경화 반응 후에 크게 증가하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.421-421
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• 2009

Since carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are discovered, tremendous attentions have been paid to these materials due to their unique mechanical, electrical and chemical properties. Thereupon, many methods to produce a large scale of CNTs have been contrived by many scientists and engineers. Thus the examination of growth mechanisms of CNTs, which is essential to produce CNTs in large scale, has been an attractive issue. Though many scientists have been strived to investigate and understand the growth mechanisms of CNTs, many of them still remain controversial or unclear. Here we introduce representative growth mechanisms of CNTs, based on broadly employed fabrication methods of CNTs. We applied Thermo-electrical Pulse Induced Evaporation (TPIE) method based on field and thermal evaporation to synthesis of CNTs. However TPIE method was originally devised to fabricate graphene sheets and $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$ nanostructures. While performing TPIE experiments to synthesize graphene, we eventually found experimental results widely supporting the growth model of CNTs proposed already. We observed the procedure of growth of CNTs obtained by TPIE method through Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). We believe this study provides an experimental basis on understanding and investigating carbon-based nanomaterials.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.759-764
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• 2012

고밀도집적을 위하여 전기도금과 무전해도금법을 적용하여 구리기둥주석범프(CPTB)를 제작하고, 그 특성을 분석하였다. CPTB는 ${\sim}100{\mu}m$의 피치를 갖도록 KM-1250 건식감광필름(DFR)을 사용하여 먼저 구리기둥범프(CPB)를 도금 전착시킨 다음, 구리의 산화억제를 위하여 그 위에 주석을 무전해 도금하였다. 열-압력에 따른 산화효과와 접합특성을 위하여 전기저항계수와 기계적 층밀림 전단강도를 측정하였다. 전기저항계수는 산화두께의 증가에 따라서 증가하였고, 전단강도는 $330^{\circ}C$에서 500 N의 열-압력일 때 최고치를 나타냈다. 시뮬레이션 결과에 따르면, CPTB는 시간이 경과됨에 따라 통전면적의 크기 감소의 결과를 나타냈으며, 그것은 구리의 산화에 의해 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2010년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.726-729
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• 2010

고밀도집적을 위하여 전기도금과 무전해도금법을 적용하여 구리기둥주석범프(CPTB)를 제작하고, 그 특성을 분석하였다. CPTB는 ${\sim}100{\mu}m$의 피치를 갖도록 KM-1250 건식감광필름(DFR)을 사용하여 먼저 구리 기둥범프(CPB)를 도금 전착시킨 다음, 구리의 산화억제를 위하여 그 위에 주석을 무전해 도금하였다. 열-압력에 따른 산화효과와 접합특성을 위하여 전기저항계수와 기계적 층밀림전단강도를 측정하였다. 전기저항계수는 산화두께의 증가에 따라서 증가하였고, 전단강도는 $330^{\circ}C$에서 500 N의 열-압력일 때 최고치를 나타냈다. 시뮬레이션 결과에 따르면, CPTB는 크기 감소의 결과를 나타냈으며, 그것은 구리의 산화에 의해 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.938-945
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• 2005

The microstructure evolution in hot forging process is composed of dynamic recrystallization during deformation as well as grain growth during dwell time. Therefore, the control of forging parameters such as strain, strain rate. temperature and holding time is important because the microstructure change in hot working affects the mechanical properties. Modeling equations are developed to represent the flow curve. grain size. recrystallized volume fraction and grain growth phenomena by various tests. The developed modeling equations were combined with thermo-viscoplastic finite element modeling to predict the microstructure change evolution during hot forging process. The large exhaust valve spindle (head diameter of 512mm) was simulated by closed die forging with hydraulic press and cooled in air after forging. The preform was heated to each 1080 and 1150$^{\circ}C$. Numerical calculation was performed by DEFORM-2D. a commercial finite element code. Heat transfer can be coupled with the deformation analysis in a non-isothermal deformation analysis. In order to obtain the fine and homogeneous microstructure and good mechanical properties in forging. the FEM would become a useful tool in the simulation of the microstructure development. In forging, appropriate temperature, strain and strain rate and rapid cooling are required to obtain the fine grain microstructure The optimal forging temperature and effective strain range of Nimonic 80A for large exhaust valve spindle are about 1080$\∼$l120$^{\circ}C$ and 150$\∼$200$\%$.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.343-348
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• 2007

Alumina/silver nanocomposites were fabricated using a soaking method through a sol-gel route to construct an intra-type nanostructure. The pulse electric-current sintering (PECS) technique was used to sinter the nanocomposites. Several specimens were annealed after sintering. The microstructure, mechanical properties, critical frontal process zone (FPZ) size, and thermo-mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were estimated. The relative densities of the specimens sintered at 1350 and $1450^{\circ}C$ were 95% and 99%, respectively. The maximum value of the three-point bending strength was found to be 780 MPa for the $2{\times}2{\times}10 mm$ specimen sintered at $1350^{\circ}C$. The fracture toughness of the specimen sintered at $1350^{\circ}C$ was measured to be $3.60 MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$ using the single-edge V-notched beam (SEVNB) technique. The fracture mode of the nanocomposites was transgranular, in contrast to the intergranular mode of monolithic alumina. The fracture morphology suggested that dislocations were generated around the silver nanoparticles dispersed within the alumina matrix. The specimens sintered at $1350^{\circ}C$ were annealed at $800^{\circ}C$ for 5 min, following which the maximum fracture strength became 810 MPa and the fracture toughness improved to $4.21 MPam^{1/2}$. The critical FPZ size was the largest for the specimen annealed at $800^{\circ}C$ for 5 min. Thermal conductivity of the alumina/silver nanocomposites sintered at $1350^{\circ}C$ was 38 W/mK at room temperature, which was higher than the value obtained with the law of mixture.