• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제17권11호
• /
• pp.990-997
• /
• 2005

The stratified effect was investigated with three different types of diffuser shape in a thermal storage tank with variation of diffuser diameter, velocity, Froude number etc. Its effect was estimated by the degree of stratification. No matter of diffuser diameter and shape, the degree of stratification was the best as the Froude number gets closer to 1. In the case of a curved diffuser, when its diameter is a quarter of tank diameter and ejection velocity in a diffuser is approximately 0.2 m/s, the Froude number was almost 1. In the case of a flatted diffuser, when ejection velocity was 0.05 m/s, the Froude number was 1.5. Both cases which Froude number were nearer 1, showed the good degree of stratification.

• 에너지공학
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.164-169
• /
• 2007

우리나라에서 여름철 피크전력부하의 감소는 매우 중요하다. 정부는 피크전력부하를 저감하기 위하여 많은 지원 정책과 법률을 제정하여 시행하고 있다. 그리고 빙축열시스템은 이런 대안 중의 하나로서 알려지고 있다. 이 논문의 목적은 축열운전, 병렬운전과 축열조 단독운전이 수행된 밀폐식 빙축열시스템의 축열조 성능과 전체 효율을 평가하는 것이다. 설계조건에서 운전된 빙축열시스템의 자료를 이용하여 축열조의 축열밀도와 방냉효율 그리고 시스템의 총괄에너지 이용효율을 계산하면 $18.4\;USRT-h/m^3$, 96.2% 그리고 2028.7 kcal/kWh이다. 빙축열시스템의 축열조에 공급되는 에너지를 설계조건보다 많게 공급하면 과냉각효과에 의해 설계조건보다 시스템 효율이 낮게 평가되어진다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집D
• /
• pp.298-303
• /
• 2001

A fundamental study on the under water harvest-type ice storage system and its temperature characteristics in ice storage system was performed experimentally. The experiments were conducted by changing the inlet refrigerant temperature of an evaporator to analyzing the thermal fluid motion inside the ice storage tank. From the experimental results, the cold storage characteristics were investigated by measuring the axial and radial temperature variations inside the ice storage tank with respect to the inlet and outlet refrigerant temperatures of an evaporator. In case of the under water harvest-type ice storage system, thermal fluid. motion inside the ice storage tank was shown differently in comparison with that of other ice storage systems. During the cooling storage process, there was no supercooling phenomenon in the ice storage tank. These results show the characteristic of this system and the possibility of application to other fields.

• 터널과지하공간
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.241-259
• /
• 2013

충전층을 이용한 열에너지저장 시스템은 자갈이나 콘크리트와 같은 열저장매질과 공기나 오일과 같은 열전달유체를 이용하여 현열에너지를 저장하는 방식으로서, 저장매질의 경제성과 화학적 안정성, 시스템 구축의 용이성 등 많은 장점이 갖는다. 본 연구에서는 충전층을 이용한 열에너지저장 기술에 대하여 개략적으로 소개하고, 이러한 열에너지저장소의 에너지 수지와 성능 효율을 분석하기 위한 수치 모델을 제시하였다. 유한차분법을 이용하여 저장소 내 1차원 비정상 열전달 해석을 수행하였으며, 반복적인 주입과 토출에 따른 충전층의 온도분포와 외부로의 손실 에너지를 계산하였다. 해석모델은 AA-CAES(advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage)와 연계된 고온의 열에너지저장시스템으로 저장소가 지하암반 내에 위치하는 경우와 지상에 위치하는 경우를 모사하고, 성능효율 및 열손실률을 비교 분석하였다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.202-202
• /
• 2011

Performance of the raw water-source heat pump system with a thermal storage tank has been analyzed in winter season. The raw water is transferred through the multi-regional water supply system from Han river. Raw water is large temperature difference resource compared with groundwater. Although the raw water temperature drops to $0.6^{\circ}C$ due to the heavy snowfall and the severe cold in late January and early February, 2010, the system has been normally operated without any trouble this winter. The unit COP and system COP considered all pump power consumption were estimated based on the second-by-second data of the all sensors. The monthly averaged unit COP and system COP are 3.37 and 2.76 respectively with $1.4^{\circ}C$ of raw water in January, 3.55 and 2.89 with $1.6^{\circ}C$ raw water in February, 3.82 and 3.15 with $5.4^{\circ}C$ raw water in March. The performance of the system are increased with raw water temperature, and the COPs are higher than the water-to-air heat pump system using relatively high temperature raw water from Daecheong reservoir because the water-to-water system was operated on the full load condition and was stopped when the thermal storage tank was full of the high temperature water.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.11-17
• /
• 2012

In this study, a simulation program was developed with heat transfer model in the thermal storage tank for a solar collector and burner combined heating and hot water supply system. Analysis was conducted with variation of operating condition and schedule to analyze performance of a hot water supply and panel heating system with a solar collector and burner combined thermal storage tank. The simulation program is divided two sections. One part is calculation of temperature variation of water which flows through the panel in the floor for heating of the residential house during 24 hours, and the other part is heat transfer calculation for the reaction time to get desired water temperature in the thermal storage tank. As results, light oil consumption and system performance during operation period were analyzed with variation of climate condition and with or without solar collector. Most of the case, oil could be saved about from 24 to 41% with installing the solar collector. The performance of the system is more dependent on radiation time of the solar collector rather than the intensity of the solar radiation which was adopted for the climate analysis.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.42-51
• /
• 1995

In order to establish a theoretical basis for the analyses of transient behaviors in stratified thermal storage tanks, analytical approaches to an improved one-dimensional model are made. In the present model the storage tank is treated as a finite region with an adiabatic tank exit, whereas it has been considered as a simple semi-infinite region previously. Application of the Laplace transformation and the Inversion theorem to the governing equations makes it possible to obtain an exact infinite-series solution, which is convergent only at sufficiently large time. Accordingly a complementary solution which is available for short times, i.e., the time range of this study is sought by an approximate method. The approximate solution which is rigorously validated through the examination of neglected terms in the solution procedure agrees quite well with the exact one. Moreover, it is simpler to use and more convenient to interpret the physical meaning of the solution. Comparison of the present solution with the previous ones shows relatively large difference near the tank bottom, which results from the more realistic boundary condition adopted in the present model. Some representative results by the approximate solution including effects of the Peclet number on temperature distrbutions are illustrated to show the utility of this study. In consequence, it is expected that the present results based on the improved model replace the foregoing ones as a new theoretical reference for studies of thermal stratification fields.

• 태양에너지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 1996

본 연구에서는 실제 열 파이프용 수평 축열조에서 등간격인 heating pad 수와 위치 및 공급열량을 변화시키면서 축열조내의 순수 Plume 유동특성을 파악하였다. 동일한 heating pad수를 가지고 집중 배치 형태와 분산 배치 형태를 취하였을 때 집중 배치 형태로 취하는 것이 $5{\sim}6%$ 정도의 더 높은 효율을 얻었다. 따라서 열 파이프용 수평 축열조에서 heating pad를 장착할 때 동일한 heating pad의 수에서는 집중(concentration)배치형태로 설계하는 것이 효과적임을 알 수 있다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제39권7호
• /
• pp.625-631
• /
• 2015

이번 연구는 패킹 모듈로 채워진 축열조의 방열 성능을 수치해석 하였다. 해석에는 PCM의 상변화 현상을 계산하기 위해 엔탈피-공극률 방법을 이용하였다. 이 방법을 통해서 방열 시 축열조 상부로부터 열전달유체가 흐를 때 모듈에서의 녹는 현상을 계산하였다. 축열조 디자인에 모듈 배치, 모듈 수 등의 다양한 인자가 있지만, 본 해석에서는 유량의 변화에 따라 나타나는 축열조 출구온도, 전체 PCM의 시간에 따른 녹은 양 및 축열밀도를 확인하였다. 결과적으로 유량이 증가할수록 출구온도가 높게 형성되었으며, 전체 PCM이 녹는데 필요한 시간이 짧아지고 축열 밀도 역시 증가하여 목표치의 93% 수준에 도달하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2001

This study describes the experimental study that focuses on the effects that distributor shapes and flow rate variations have an influence on the stratification in a rectangular thermal storage tank. Experiments were carried out under the conditions that the flow rates of working fluid are 20, 10 and $5\ell$/min. The storage tank is initially filled with chilled water of $1^{\circ}C$, and is extracted through the bottom at the same rate as the return warm water from load is entered through the distributor at the top of the tank. The thermo-cline forms at the top of the storage tank as the warm water enters the tank from the load through the distributor and the thermo-cline thickness increases with time. Emphasis is given to the effects of mixing at the inlet that increases the thermo-cline decay Flow rate variation and inlet distributor shapes are the important parameters in deciding the performance of a storage system. Stratification degree increases with decreasing in inlet flow rate under $10\ell$/min. Experiments shows that better thermal stratification can be obtain using the distributor to limit momentum mixing at the inlets and outlets. Also, 12% of improvement in the thermal energy usage has been achieved using the modified distributor discharging same flow rate in each lateral ports.