• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.135-139
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• 2009

Laser Printer 현상기 Roller는 시간이 지나면 자기력과 자화 특성이 감소하게 되며 이런 자성체 감소로 인해 인쇄 품질이 떨어진다. 본 연구에서는 재활용에 따른 현상기 롤러의 자성 분포를 조사하여 신제품과 비교 함으로써 재활용의 사용 가능성 및 자성체의 경시 변화에 대해 제한하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is application to flame retardant powder coating(FRPC) material consisting of ammonium polyphosphate(APP) and magnesium hydroxide($Mg(OH)_2$) as a halogen free flame retardant into thermoplastic resin(LDPE-g-MAH). For improvement of adhesion, LDPE-g-MAH was synthesized from low density polyethylene(LDPE) and maleic anhydride(MAH). The mechanical properties as melt flow index, pencil hardness, cross-hatch adhesion and impact resistance of FRPC were measured. Also, the limited oxygen index(LOI) values were measured 17.3vol%, 31.1vol% and 33.7vol% for LDPE-g-MAH, FRPC-3(APP 15wt%, $Mg(OH)_2$ 15wt%) and FRPC-5(APP 30 wt%), respectively. The thermo gravimetry/differential thermal analysis(TG/DTA) of FPRC-3 was observed endothermic peak at $340^{\circ}C$ and $450^{\circ}C$, it was confirmed predominant thermal stability though the wide temperature range by APP and $Mg(OH)_2$. It was showed V-0 grade for FRPC-3 and FRPC-4(APP 20wt%, $Mg(OH)_2$ 10wt%) that a char formation and drip suppressing effect, and combustion time reduced by UL94(vertical burning test). It was confirmed that flame retardancy was improved with the synergy effect because of char formation by APP and $Mg(OH)_2$.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2006

다양한 에폭시 수지를 함유한 언더필의 열적 특성을 시차주사열량측정법, 열중량측정법, 동적-기계적 분석법, 열적-기계적 분석법과 같은 열 분석법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 또한, 언더필과 FR-4기판 사이의 접합 강도를 측정하였다. Cycolaliphatic 에폭시 수지를 함유한 언더필의 유리 전이 온도가 cycolaliphatic 에폭시 수지를 함유하지 않은 언더필의 유리 전이 온도보다 낮음을 확인할 수 있다. 대기로부터 유입된 산소와 열화된 폴리머 사이의 화학적 반응으로 인하여 언더필의 열적 감소 반응이 두 번 발생하는 것을 확인할 수 있다. Cycolaliphatic 에폭시 수지를 함유한 언더필의 열팽창 계수가 cycolaliphatic 에폭시 수지를 함유하지 않은 언더필의 열팽창 계수보다 높음을 확인할 수 있다. 과도한 경화 온도는 에폭시 수지의 경계면을 약하게 하여 에폭시 수지의 기계적 특성의 변화를 초래하게 되고 언더필과 FR-4 기판 사이의 접합 특성을 저하시키게 된다.

• 청정기술
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 TiN-Zr 수소분리막의 제조 공정에 대한 환경 영향 특성을 분석하기 위해 물질전과정평가를 수행하였다. Material Life Cycle Assessment (MLCA)의 소프트웨어로는 Gabi를 사용하였다. 이를 통하여 각 공정에서 미치는 영향과 특성화 별 환경영향평가를 수행하였다. 졸겔법에 의해 전구체 TiN을 합성하고 볼밀법을 이용하여 지르코늄을 코팅하였다. 이를 CIP, HPS에 의해 디스크 형으로 제작하였고 주사전자현미경(scanning electron microscopy, SEM), 에너지분산형 분광분석법(energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, EDS), X-선 회절분석기(X-ray diffraction, XRD), 열중량분석(thermo gravimetry/differential thermal analysis, TG/DTA), 비표면적분석(Brunauer, Emmett, Teller, BET) 및 가스 크로마토그래프 시스템(gas chromatograph system, GP)을 이용하여 분리막의 야금학적, 물리학적, 열역학적 특성을 분석하였다. 또한, 물질전과정평가를 위해 수행한 특성화와 정규화 결과, 영향범주 별 환경영향은 해양 생태 독성이 94%, 수계 생태 독성 2%, 인간독성 2%의 기여도를 보였다. 아울러, 제조공정 중 전기 사용이 생태계 영향에 큰 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 물질 전 과정 평가는 Eco-Indicator '99 (EI99)와 CML 2001 방법론을 기반으로 분석하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2023

Excess N and P from the livestock manure applied to farmlands, have entered the water systems and poses a serious threat to the natural environment. Consequently, there has been recent awareness towards the management of livestock manure and its related fields. In this study, piggery wastewater was collected from a piggery in Pohang city, Korea. At 800℃, thermal decomposition of a natural stone, magnesite (MgCO₃), yielded powered MgO with particle sizes ranging between 10 to 100 ㎛. Furthermore, NH₄⁺-N and PO₄^3--P were recovered as struvite precipitates from the piggery wastewater, by adjusting the pH with MgO and H₃PO₄. At pH 10, the recovery efficiencies of NH₄⁺-N and PO₄^3--P were found to be 86.1% and 94.1%, respectively. Using an X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), the struvite in the precipitate was confirmed to be consistent with standard pure struvite. Further, the purity of the struvite precipitate was analyzed using an energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and thermal gravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and found to be between 79.2% and 93.0%. Additionally, struvite-containing piggery wastewater and sawdust were mixed in a weight ratio of 2.5:1 and processed into a mature compost. The newly manufactured compost passed all quality standards required for first-class graded livestock composts. Moreover, this compost was sprayed directly onto the soil at the test site, and various parameters of the soil's effluent, such as total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (T-N), total phosphorus (T-P), and dissolved oxygen (DO), were analyzed and measured. Based on these results, it is determined that the newly manufactured compost can more significantly reduce water pollution than commercial compost.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제43회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.167-167
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• 2012

Aluminium-zinc-tin oxide (AZTO) 박막 트랜지스터는 Spin-coating 방법으로 제작되었다. AZTO용액의 용매는 2-Methoxyethanol, 용질은 각각 Aluminium nitride, Zinc acetate dihydrate, Tin chloride가 사용되어 제작되었다. 용액의 안정성을 위해서 미량의 Mono ethyl amine이 첨가되었다. 용액의 Zn:Sn의 몰 비율은 1 : 1로 고정 되었으며 Al의 mole비를 다양하게 늘리면서 실험을 진행하였다. 이렇게 만들어진 AZTO용액은 3,000 rpm으로 30초간 Spin-coating하였으며 이후 Furnace system을 통하여 $500^{\circ}C$의 온도로 1시간 동안 후열처리 공정을 진행하였다. AZTO박막을 활성층으로 제작된 박막 트랜지스터는 Al의 비율이 늘어남에 따라 처음엔 이동도가 증가하였으나 이후 이동도가 낮아지며 소자특성이 나빠지는 것을 보였다. 이러한 현상의 원인을 알아보고자 물리적, 전기적, 광학적 분석을 통해서 Al양의 변화가 박막트랜지스터 구동에 미치는 영향을 해석하였다. 먼저 AZTO용액은 열중량측정/시차열분석법(Thermo Gravimetry/Differential Thermal Analysis)을 이용하여 spin-coating 이후 후 열처리 온도 결정 및 박막의 변화를 관찰하였으며, X-선 분광(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy)을 이용하여 박막의 조성 및 전자구조의 변화를, 타원분광해석법(Spectroscopic Ellipsometry)분석을 통하여 밴드 갭과 전도대 이하 밴드 갭 내에 존재하는 결함상태변화를 관찰하였다. AZTO 박막 내의 Al양을 조절하는 것은 박막내의 에너지 준위의 변화를 야기하고 그로인해 박막트랜지스터의 특성을 변화킨다는 결과를 도출하였다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.297-306
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• 2014

Recently nano-materials are gaining more importance in the construction industry due to its enhanced energy efficiency, durability, economy, and sustainability. Nano-silica addition to cement based materials can control the degradation of the fundamental calcium-silicate-hydrate reaction of concrete caused by calcium leaching in water as well as block water penetration and therefore lead to improvements in durability. In this paper, the influence of synthesized nano silica from locally available rice husk on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistant properties of OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement) has been studied by conducting various experimental investigations. Micro structural properties have been assessed by conducting Scanning Electron Microscopy, Thermo gravimetry and Differential Thermal Analysis, X-Ray Diffraction analysis, and FTIR studies. The experimental results revealed that NS reacted with calcium hydroxide crystals in the cement paste and produces Calcium Silicate Hydrate gel which enhanced the strength and acts as a filler which filled the nano pores present in concrete. Hence the strength and corrosion resistant properties were enhanced than the control.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.1252-1258
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• 2020

This study explores the ability of non-destructive assay techniques to detect a partial material defect in which 100 g of plutonium are diverted from the center of a 1000 g can of PuO₂ powder. Four safeguards measurements techniques: neutron multiplicity counting, calorimetry, gravimetry, and gamma ray spectroscopy are used in an attempt to detect the defect. Several materials are added to the partial defect PuO₂ can to replicate signatures of the diverted material. ²⁵²Cf is used to compensate for the doubles neutron counts, ²⁴¹Am is used to compensate for the decay heat, and aluminum is used to compensate for the weight. Although, the doubles and triples difference before and after diversion are statistically indistinguishable with the AWCC in fast and thermal mode, the difference in the singles counts are statistically detectable in both modes. The relatively short half-life of ²⁵²Cf leads to a decrease (three sigma uncertainty) in the doubles neutron counts after 161 days. Combining this with the precise quantity of ²⁴¹Am needed (10.7 g) to mimic the heat signature and the extreme precision in ²⁵²Cf mass needed to defeat neutron multiplicity measurements gives reassurance in the International Atomic Energy Agency's ability to detect partial material defects.

• Carbon letters
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.196-200
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• 2006

Graphite has hexagonal closed packing structure with two bonding characteristics of van der Waals bonding between the carbon layers at c axis, and covalent bonding in the carbon layer at a and b axis. Graphite has high tolerant to the extreme conditions of high temperature and neutron irradiations rather than any other materials of metals and ceramics. However, carbon elements easily react with oxygen at as low as 400C. Considering the increasing production of today of hydrogen and electricity with a nuclear reactor, study of oxidation characteristics of graphite is very important, and essential for the life evaluation and design of the nuclear reactor. Since the oxidation behaviors of graphite are dependent on the shapes of testing specimen, critical care is required for evaluation of nuclear reactor graphite materials. In this work, oxidation rate and amounts of the isotropic graphite (IG-110, Toyo Carbon), currently being used for the Koran nuclear reactor, are investigated at various temperature. Oxidation process or principle of graphite was figured out by measuring the oxidation rate, and relation between oxidation rate and sample shape are understood. In the oxidation process, shape effect of volume, surface area, and surface to volume ratio are investigated at $600^{\circ}C$, based on the sample of ASTM C 1179-91.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.627-634
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• 2017

In this study, Material life cycle evaluation was performed to analyze the environmental impact characteristics of TiN-ZrCo membrane manufacturting process. Gabi was used as software. The Eco-Indicator 99 methodology was used to evaluate the 11 impact categories and the 10 impact categories using the CML 2001 methodology. Precursor TiN was synthesized by sol-gel method and zirconium was coated by ball mill method. The metallurgical, physical and thermodynamic characteristics of the membranes were analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermo Gravimetry/Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA), Brunauer, Emmett, Teller (BET) and Gas Chromatograph System (GP). As a result of the characterization and normalization, the environmental impacts of each category of impacts were GWP 100 years with the highest environmental impact of 99.9%.