• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.86-90
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• 2003

In this study, lots of methods have been studing to utilize energy and decrease contaminated effluents. There has been great progress on IGCC (Integrated gasification combined cycle) to reduce thermal energy losses. The following results have been conducted from desulfurization experiments using waste shell to remove H$_2$S. Fixed bed desulfurization experiments, to obtain basic data for scale-up was indicated. Oyster was the best among the various sorbents, like the results of TGA. Especially, H$_2$S removal efficiency of uncalcined oyster was the highest. When use oyster as desulfurization sorbents, calcination process was not needed. Thus, high desulfurization efficiency would be expected. Fixed bed reactor experiments were indicated particle size of sorbents. These had influenced on desulfurization capacity. As smaller particle size was found better desulfurization capacity. Large capacity difference was found between 0.613 mm and 0.335 mm. But, differences between 0.335 mm and 0.241 mm was relatively small. As bed temperature increased, H$_2$S removal capacity increased. Therefore, both particle size and bed temperature should be considered to remove H$_2$S by sorbents.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.53-66
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• 2017

Structures submitted to Fire-After-Earthquake loading situations, are first experiencing inelastic deformations due to the seismic action and are then submitted to the thermal loading. This means that in the case of steel framed structures, at the starting point of the fire, plastic hinges have already been formed at the ends of the beams. The basic objective of this paper is the evaluation of the rotational capacity of steel I-section beams damaged due to prior earthquake loading, at increased temperatures. The study is conducted numerically and three-dimensional models are used in order to capture accurately the nonlinear behaviour of the steel beams. Different levels of earthquake-induced damage are examined in order to study the effect of the initial state of damage to the temperature-evolution of the rotational capacity. The study starts with the reference case where the beam is undamaged and in the sequel cyclic loading patterns are taken into account, which represent earthquakes loads of increasing magnitude. Additionally, the study extends to the evaluation of the ultimate plastic rotation of the steel beams which corresponds to the point where the rotational capacity of the beam is exhausted. The aforementioned value of rotation can be used as a criterion for the determination of the fire-resistance time of the structure in case of Fire-After-Earthquake situations.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.29-35
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• 2007

Titanium was oxidized with oxygen plasma and calcinated with rapid thermal annealing for degradation of humic acid dissolved in water. Titania photocatalytic plate was produced by titanium surface oxidized with oxygen plasma by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD). RF-power and deposition condition is controlled under 100 W, 150 W, 300 W and 500 W. Treatment time was controlled by 5 min and 10 min. The film properties were evaluated by the X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). From the experimental results, we found the optimal condition of titania film which exhibited good performance. Moreover photocatalytic capacity was about twice better than thermal spray titania film, and also as good as titania powder.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.123.1-123.1
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• 2010

수평형 지중열교환기의 최적설계를 위해서는 되메움재의 광물특성 및 입자크기, 열전도도(thermal conductivity), 열용량(heat capacity)등과 같은 열적 특성을 파악 하는 것은 중요하다. 수평형 지중 열교환기용 되메움재의 열전도도를 파악하기 위해 비정상 열선법을 적용한 QTM-500을 사용하여 포화도에 따른 천연규사-물-공기 혼합물의 열전도도를 측정하였다. 측정된 열전도도를 개별요소법(Discrete Element Mothod)에 근거한 2차원 수치해석 프로그램인 PFC2D(Particle Flow Code in 2 Dimension)를 이용하여 비교 분석하였다. 수치해석에서는 혼합물의 건조밀도를 일정하게 유지한 상태에서 포화도에 따라 가상의 물 입자 개수를 변화시켰다. 개별요소법을 이용한 열전달 수치해석에서는 입자의 접촉을 통해 발생한 thermal pipe에 의해 열전달이 이루어진다. 이러한 thermal pipe의 열전도도는 접촉된 두 입자의 열전도도와 접촉면의 평균 열전도도를 고려하여 적용하였다.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.15 no.3 s.47
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• pp.194-201
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• 2006

Greenhouses should be heated during nights and cold days in order to fit growth conditions in greenhouses. Ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems are recognized to be outstanding heating and cooling systems. A horizontal GSHP system with thermal storage tank was installed in greenhouse and investigated the performance characteristics. The reasons for using thermal storage tank were discussed in detail. Thermal storage tank can provide heat for heating load that is larger than GSHP system heating capacity. The results of study showed that the heating coefficient of performance of the heat pump system was 2.69.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.182-185
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• 2008

The thermal performance of air receiver with a change of flow direction for dish solar collector. This system is installed and operated in Incheon, Korea. The thermal capacity of the system is about 5 kW thermal. The aperture diameter of the cylindrical-shape receiver which is made of stainless steel is 100 mm, and the height is 210 mm. Experiments are being carried out to investigate the thermal performance variation of the receivers with several design parameters such as the shape of the receiver, the flow directions and the flow rate of air. First, air flows into the upper part of the receiver, which is the opposite side of the aperture. After the air flows through the inside receiver, that goes out of the receiver through 3 exits which are located near the aperture. Second, air flows into the backside of the receiver, Which is the forward side of the aperture. After the air flows through the inside receiver, that goes out of the receiver through 1 exit. The results show that the system efficiency and receiver efficiency increase as the volume flow rate increases as expected.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.1651-1656
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• 2003

The present study has been conducted to analytically investigate the thermal control performance of variable conductance heat pipe(YCHP) with axial grooves. The condenser port of the YCHP is occupied by a inert gas in which the concentration of gas is varied with the operation temperature and the heat transport capacity is thus varied with the operating temperature due to the variation of inert gas concentration. In this study, numerical evaluation for the thermal control of the YCHP with axial grooves is made from the 1st order diffusion model that considers the diffusive expansion of inert gas by concentration gradient. Ammonia is used as a working fluid and Nitrogen as a control gas in the Aluminum tube. As a result, the thermal performance of YCHP based on diffusion model has been compared with that of YCHP from flat front model. Additionally, it is found that the concentration of inert gas is distributed in the condenser region of YCHP with axial grooves.

• Solar Energy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 1998

The study on ice thermal storage system is to improve total system performance in actual air-conditioning facilities. To attain the high efficiencies in ice thermal storage system, the improvement of thermal stratification is essential, therfore the process flow must be piston flow in thermal storage tank. Ice packing factor is better on condition that the inflowing temperature is low, the flow direction in the thermal storage is upward and the cylindericalthermal storage type is used. This result shows that the cylinderical ice storage tank has better storage capacity than the rectangular type in case of the same porocity.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.451-456
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• 2012

This study was carried out to evaluate thermal performance of the renewable hybrid heat supply system with solar thermal system and wood pellet boiler for Zero Carbon Green home of apartment houses. The hybrid heat supply system was set up at Korea Institute Energy Research in 2011. The system was comprised of the wood pellet boiler unit with heat capacity designed as 20,000 kacal/hr, a evacuated tubular solar collector 3.74 $m^2$ of aperture area at the $20^{\circ}$ install angle, a 0.3 $m^3$ hot water storage tank, a 0.15 $m^3$ hot water storage tank for space heating. Thermal performance tests for one-house of apartment house were carried out by hot water load and heating load in winter season through the hybrid heat supply system. As a result, hot water energy supplied by the hybrid heat supply system was 11kWh in a day. Solar thermal energy portion was 2.99kWh which is 27% of the total hot water energy supply. wood pellet boiler supply portion was 8.017kWh which is 73% of the total hot water energy supply.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.281-290
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• 2003

The KN-12 spent nuclear fuel transport cask, which is a Type B(U) package designed to comply with the requirements of Korea Atomic Energy Act[1], IAEA Safety Standards Series No.TS-R-1[2] and US 10 CFR Part 71[3], is designed for carrying up to 12 PWR spent fuel assemblies in a basket structure. The cask has been licensed in accordance with Korea Atomic Energy Act and was fabricated in Korea in accordance with the requirements of ASME B&PV Sec.III, Div.3[4]. The cask must maintain thermal integrity in accordance with the related regulations and be evaluated to verify that the thermal performance of the cask complies with the regulatory requirements. The temperatures of the cask and components were determined by using finite elements methods with a numerical tool, safety tests using an 1/8 height slice model of the real cask were conducted to demonstrate verification of the numerical tool and methods, and heat transfer tests for normal transport conditions were performed as a fabrication acceptance test to demonstrate the heat transfer capability of the cask.