• 임상간호연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationships among disease severity, anxiety, depression, social support, unpleasant symptoms and self-care among patients with atrial fibrillation based on the unpleasant symptom theory, and to examine the mediating effects of unpleasant symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The participants were 216 patients with atrial fibrillation who were being followed up on an outpatient basis at a university hospital in Seoul. Data were collected from November 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021, using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS/WIN 27.0 and PROCESS macro with 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval(CI). Results: The average age of participants in this study was 66.0years. Disease severity (β=10.19, p<.001) and depression (β=1.53, p<.001) had significant positive relationships with unpleasant symptoms. Also, unpleasant symptoms (β=-0.03, p=.006) had a negative relationship with physical activity, which is a subscale of self- care. Social support (β=0.06, p<.001) was positively related with physical activity. Unpleasant symptoms showed a mediation effect in the relationship between disease severity and physical activity (Bias corrected bootstrap CI -0.65, -0.04). Depression had an indirect effect on physical activity that was mediated by unpleasant symptoms (Bias corrected bootstrap CI -0.11, -0.00). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that integrated strategies including physical, psychological, and social factors should be considered to promote self-care in patients with atrial fibrillation.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 불쾌증상이론에 근거하여 폐경기 이후 여성의 우울증상에 영향을 미치는 융합적 요인을 분석하기 위하여 시행되었다. 연구 방법은 제 6기 2015년 국민건강영양조사 자료를 사용하여 분석한 이차 자료 분석 연구이다. 폐경을 경험한 1,298명을 대상으로 우울 증상, 생리적 요인, 상황적 요인 및 심리적 요인을 조사하였다. 연구 결과, 우울 증상에 영향을 미치는 예측요인은 소득수준(${\beta}=-.14$, p<.001), 건강상태(${\beta}=.24$, p<.001), 스트레스(${\beta}=-.20$, p<.001)로 나타났다. 모형의 설명력은 14.1%로 통계적으로 유의하였다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 바탕으로 폐경기 이후 여성의 우울 증상을 개선시키기 위해서는 소득수준, 건강상태, 스트레스를 고려한 간호중재가 필요하다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.728-736
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• 2005

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify direct, mediating, and moderating relationships of mood disturbance, symptom experience, and attentional function in Korean women with breast cancer based upon a middle-range theory of unpleasant symptoms. Methods. This study used a cross-sectional, correlational design. A convenience sample of 125 women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer was recruited from a university hospital in South Korea. The women completed questionnaires on mood disturbance, symptom experience, and attentional function using the Linear Analogue Self-Assessment Scale, the Symptom Experience Scale, and the Attentional Function Index, respectively. Results. Each mood disturbance and symptom experience showed a significant relationship with attentional function. Symptom experience did not act as a mediator between mood disturbance and attentional function, but it did act as a moderator: patients with a higher level of mood disturbance exhibited a lower level of attentional function when their symptoms were at the level of medium, but not when their symptoms were either high or low. Conclusion. This suggests that clinical interventions for attenuating the influence of mood disturbance on attentional function may be effective only in women experiencing medium level of symptoms.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.100-111
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• 2022

Purpose: Based on the theory of unpleasant symptoms (TOUS), this study aimed to examine the direct effect of antecedent factors on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its indirect effect via symptoms in Korean women during the late menopausal transition (MT) and early postmenopause. Methods: This cross-sectional survey employed a descriptive correlational research design. The respondents were 152 middle-aged women 40 to 60 years with an intermenstrual interval of 60 days or more (late MT) or less than 5 years from the last menstrual period (early postmenopause). The respondents were recruited through convenience sampling in Busan, Korea, from December 1, 2020, to January 31, 2021. Based on the TOUS, self-report data were collected on perceived health status, psychological distress, social support, menopausal symptoms, and HRQoL. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the Hayes' PROCESS macro. Results: TOUS was supported on this sample (n=152) of Korean women during the late MT and early postmenopause. Perceived health status, psychological distress, and social support had significant direct relationships with HRQoL. Menopausal symptoms had significant indirect relationships between antecedent factors (perceived health status, psychological distress, and social support) and partially mediated HRQoL. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that menopausal symptoms play an important role as an intervening factor of HRQoL in women during the late MT and early postmenopause. Therefore, women need an integrated program that manages antecedent factors and menopausal symptoms to improve HRQoL in these menopausal stages.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.271-281
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• 2015

본 연구는 간경변증 환자의 삶의 질의 예측요인을 알아보고자 불쾌증상이론을 융합하여 시도하였다. 연구방법은 간경변증 진단을 받은 환자 198명을 대상으로 증상경험과 생리적 요인, 심리적 요인, 상황적 요인, 삶의 질 등을 설문조사하였다. 자료수집은 2014년 4월부터 5월까지 이루어졌으며, 자료분석은 PASW (SPSS) 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlations와 multiple regressions analysis하였다. 분석결과, 간경변증 환자의 삶의 질은 질병기간(${\beta}=.19$, p<.001), 증상경험(${\beta}=.19$, p=.032), 생리적 요인(${\beta}=.15$, p=.008), 심리적 요인(${\beta}=.39$, p<.001), 상황적 요인(${\beta}=.32$, p<.001) 등이 유의하게 나타났으며, 이들 변인은 삶의 질에 51.8% 설명하였다(F=15.57, p<.001). 간경변증 환자의 삶의 질은 불쾌증상이론의 요인과 관련성이 높았으며, 이들 변인을 고려한 맞춤형 중재프로그램을 제안한다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.248-258
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors influencing symptom experience in patients with liver cirrhosis(LC). Method: A descriptive correlational study design was used. A convenience sample of 129 subjects was recruited from the gastroenterology department at two university hospitals in Seoul, Korea. Symptom experience in LC was measured with the instrument developed by the researcher based on Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms(Lenz et al, 1995) and the Child-Pugh Score, the Korean version of Profile of Mood States, and the Family Support Questionnaire were used to identify the factors influencing symptom experience. Results: The mean score of symptom experience was relatively low(M=41.67, SD= 24.71). Among individual symptoms, fatigue had the highest score in all dimensions. Fatigue, abdominal distension and/or peripheral edema, muscle cramps, dry mouth, and change in appearance were explored as symptoms needing management. In the regression analysis, symptom experience was found to be influenced significantly by anxiety/depression($R^2=.418$, p=.000) and the severity of LC(Child-Pugh Score)($R^2=.125$, p=.000). These variables explained 54.3% of the variance in symptom experience(F=63.607. p=.000). Conclusion: It suggests that nurses need to take into consideration psychological factor as well as physiological factor in symptom management for patients with LC.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.381-391
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• 2019

본 연구는 불쾌증상이론을 기반으로 한 혈액투석 환자의 자가간호 수행에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고자 하였다. 2018는 3월부터 4월까지 혈액투석 환자를 대상으로 5개의 병원에서 237명의 환자의 자료를 SPSS WIN 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 자가간호 수행은 희망, 가족지지, 의료인 지지와 양의 상관관계가 있었으며, 신체적 증상경험과 정서적 증상경험은 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 단계적 다중회귀분석을 실시한 결과 가족지지, 정서적 증상, 희망은 자가간호 수행에 33.2%의 설명력을 보였다. 자가간호 수행은 가족지지, 정서적 증상과 희망이 관련 요인이었으므로 대상자와 가족에게 희망증진 프로그램을 개발하여 적용한다면 자가간호 수행을 증진시킬 수 있을 것이다.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of activity status, anxiety, depression, social support, symptom experience, and functional status in patients with lung cancer based on the theory of unpleasant symptoms. Methods: The participants for this study were 101 lung cancer patients who visited the out-patient department for treatment or follow-up at one hospital in Seoul. Data were collected from January 1 to February 8, 2013 using self-reported questionnaires and clinical records. To measure variables, the functional scale and symptom scale of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30, EORTC QLQ-Lung Cancer 13, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were used in this study. The data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software for Windows. Results: The symptom experience showed more severity in patients with lower activity status, higher anxiety and depression. With lower activity status and social support, functional status was lower. When anxiety, depression, and symptom experience were higher, functional status was also lower. The significant factors predicting symptom experience were depression, anxiety, activity status, and social support, which explained 57.8% of the variance. Conclusion: These results suggest that psychological factors such as anxiety and depression had a negative influence on the symptom experience of lung cancer patients. Therefore, providing emotional support based on the patients' needs prior to providing symptom management could be a useful strategy for improving symptom experience and functional status.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.392-403
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• 2018

Purpose: To identify factors associated with menstrual distress and characterize the relationship between menstrual distress and sleep disturbance in middle-school girls. Methods: Participants in this correlational study were 117 middle-school girls who were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected from March 2018 to April 2018 using self-reported structured questionnaires and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0. Factors associated with menstrual distress included physiological, psychological, and situational factors based on the theory of unpleasant symptoms. Results: Age of menarche (${\beta}=-.28$, p<.001), amount of menstruation (${\beta}=.23$, p=.004), lifestyle-related exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (${\beta}=.21$, p=.027), and academic and peer-relationship stress (${\beta}=.19$, p=.025) influenced menstrual distress, explaining 47.4% of the variance in this regression model. The relationship between menstrual distress and sleep disturbance was statistically significant. Sleep disturbance was increased 1.26 folds when dysmenorrhea score increased by one unit (OR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.01~1.58). However, parental support was not a significant moderating factor of sleep disturbance. Conclusion: This study provides basis to develop an intervention strategy to alleviate menstrual discomfort in adolescents and improve their quality of sleep.