• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.377-389
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• 2011

The object of this study was to analyze the meaning of luxurious consumption, the subjects and the objects of luxurious consumption, the desires that propel luxurious consumption, and the luxurious consumption patterns of the past and the present. The materials and information used for this research were acquired by reviewing literatures from a library. The time frame used to separate the past and the present was the Second World War. The analyzed materials and contents for the research were the subjects and the objects of luxurious consumption, the desires that propel luxurious consumption, and the patterns of luxurious consumption. Comparing the trends of luxurious consumption of the past and present historically, the biggest differentiation between the past and present was the spread of subjects and objects of luxurious consumption. In the past, luxury consumption belonged to the wealthy only, but the accessibility of luxury consumption has increased to the point where anybody can buy what they want at will. Another difference was found in the desires that prompt luxury consumption and the consumption patterns of the past and present. Based on these results, several suggestions about luxury consumption were presented in this paper.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.318-322
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• 2002

In this paper the automatic plate forming system developed by the present research group is introduced, which would be helpful for other researchers. The present system consists of three parts : heating line information generation software, automatic heating apparatus and numerical control system. The numerical control system developed by the present authors is detailed. Performance test for the developed system has been carried out and good results has been obtained. As an extension of the present study, the present automatic plate fanning system will be applied to surfaces found in ship and offshore structure.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.113-137
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to figure out the urban establishing families' economic structures(income, expenditure, assets, first-present-future housing cost etc.), the states of first-present housing, the future housing plans, and the housing preferences. For this purpose 274 establishing families in Seoul and its metro-politan area were interviewed through the standardized questionnares. Finally 264 questionnares were analyzed. The major findings were as follows; 1. The important source of their monthly incomes was the labor income. But there was often the transfer income from their parents. And the important items of monthly expenditures were savings and foods. In higher income classes, the traffic cost was important relatively. 2. It was found that the urban establishing families were very dependent on their parents for their first-present housing costs. The dependency was stronger in high education classes compared to the low. This was the case in future housing costs. 3. The states and changes of first-present housing showed the demands for an apartment, homeowership, and privacy. These tendencies were higher in high education classes compared to low education classes, but the demands for future housing were according to the monthly income. The present locations were determined majorly by the distance from office and parents. 4. Their housing preferences were different from the present housing states. Furnished rental housing, open living space, large common spaces, and common using of unusual appliances etc. were more preferred by high education classes compared to low education classes.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.1113-1129
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• 2021

Lightweight ciphers are increasingly employed in cryptography because of the high demand for secure data transmission in wireless sensor network, embedded devices, and Internet of Things. The PRESENT algorithm as an ultralightweight block cipher provides better solution for secure hardware cryptography with low power consumption and minimum resource. This study generates the key using key rotation and substitution method, which contains key rotation, key switching, and binary-coded decimal-based key generation used in image encryption. The key rotation and substitution-based PRESENT architecture is proposed to increase security level for data stream and randomness in cipher through providing high resistance to attacks. Lookup table is used to design the key scheduling module, thus reducing the area of architecture. Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) performances are evaluated for the proposed and conventional methods. In Virtex 6 device, the proposed key rotation and substitution PRESENT architecture occupied 72 lookup tables, 65 flip flops, and 35 slices which are comparably less to the existing architecture.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.689-698
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• 2019

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between depression and number of present teeth in Korean elderly individuals. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional survey was obtained from the records of the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The subjects were 1,199 Korean elderly individuals above 65 years of age. The survey and examination data were used for the independent variables. The KNHANES included health status, nutrition survey, and oral examination. $x^2-test$ was performed to identify the characteristics of depression and number of teeth present according to the characteristics of the study subjects. Logistic regression analysis was also performed to identify the relationship between depression and number of teeth present. The statistical significance level wa sset at 0.05. Results: The prevalence of depression in the subjects was 14.8%. There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of depression, depending on gender (p<0.001), education level (p=0.001), income (p=0.001), spouse status (p<0.001), and alcohol consumption (p=0.020). The association between depression and the number of teeth present showed statistically significant difference after adjustment (p=0.040). Conclusions: Depression in elderly individuals was closely related to the number of teeth present. Therefore, public health policies for improving oral health should be established to prevent depression.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.221-229
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• 2015

For efficient design process of regenerative blower, the present study provides new generalized pressure and leakage flow loss models, which can be used in the performance analysis method of regenerative blower. The present performance analysis on designed blower is made by incorporating momentum exchange theory between impellers and side channel with mean line analysis method, and its pressure loss and leakage flow models are generalized from the related fluid mechanics correlations which can be expressed in terms of blower design variables. The present performance analysis method is applied to four existing models for verifying its prediction accuracy, and the prediction and the test results agreed well within a few percentage of relative error. Furthermore, the present performance analysis method is also applied in developing a new blower used for fuel cell application, and the newly designed blower is manufactured and tested through chamber-type test facility. The performance prediction by the present method agreed well with the test result and also with the CFD simulation results. From the comparison results, the present performance analysis method is shown to be suitable for the actual design practice of regenerative blower.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.39-44
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate features pertaining to spiral thickenings, which was considered one of the most important diagnostic values, for wood identification. Species, kind of cells with spiral thickening, and ridge numbers of spiral thickening per axial mm were recorded in 71 families, 144 genera, 316 species of Korean hardwoods. Spiral thickening was observed in 128 of 316 species, about 40.5 % of all the investigated, and classified into 6 types on the basis of distributional patterns and morphological features as follows: 1. Type 1, present throughout all vessel element, which was found in 14 families, 19 genera, 43 species. 2. Type 2, present only in small vessel element, which was found in 18 families, 29 genera, 41 species. 3. Type 3, present both in small vessel element and wood fibers, which was found in 8 families, 17 genera, 29 species. 4. Type 4, present in wood fibers, which was found in 1 family, 1 genus, 1 species. 5. Type 5, present only in tail of vessel element, which was found in 4 families, 5 genera, 9 species. 6. Type 6, being present in vessel element faintly or partially, which was found in 2 families, 3 genera, 5 species.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.151-153
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• 2016

80/128-비트 마스터키 길이와 ECB, CBC, OFB, CTR의 4가지 운영모드를 지원하는 PRESENT 경량 블록암호 프로세서를 설계하고, Virtex5 FPGA에 구현하여 정상 동작함을 확인하였다. PRESENT 크립토 프로세서를 $0.18{\mu}m$ 공정의 CMOS 셀 라이브러리로 합성한 결과 8,237 GE로 구현되었으며, 최대 434 MHz 클록으로 동작하여 868 Mbps의 성능을 갖는 것으로 예측되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.164-166
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• 2016

PRESENT/ARIA/AES의 3가지 블록 암호 알고리즘을 지원하는 암호 프로세서를 MPW(Multi-Project Wafer)칩으로 구현하였다. 설계된 블록 암호 칩은 PRmo(PRESENT with mode of operation) 코어, AR_AS(ARIA_AES) 코어, AES-16b 코어로 구성된다. PRmo는 80/128-비트 마스터키와, ECB, CBC, OFB, CTR의 4가지 운영모드를 지원한다. 128/256-비트 마스터키를 사용하는 AR_AS 코어는 서로 내부 구조가 유사한 ARIA와 AES를 통합하여 설계하였다. AES-16b는 128-비트 마스터키를 지원하고, 16-비트 datapath를 채택하여 저면적으로 구현하였다. 설계된 암호 프로세서를 FPGA검증을 통하여 정상 동작함을 확인하였고, 0.18um 표준 셀 라이브러리로 논리 합성한 결과, 100 KHz에서 52,000 GE로 구현이 되었으며, 최대 92 MHz에서 동작이 가능하다. 합성된 다중 암호 프로세서는 MPW 칩으로 제작될 예정이다.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 2011

In the present study the meaning of table in the Joseon dynasty period and also in the present age was researched, and its changing according to the times was searched as well. The results are as follows. First, the meaning of table in the Joseon dynasty period and in the present age has one thing, "laying something on table" in common from the functional aspect. Whereas the table in the Joseon dynasty period had the function of laying and keeping articles or decorations, that of the present age contributes to reading and doing office work of human beings and this exceeds the simple function to keep articles, because it touches parts of the human body, so it combines function of comfort accordingly, not only the function of storage. Second, it was differently presented from the aspect of shape. The table of the Joseon dynasty period strongly showed the shelf-like shape due to the set-up in layers, while the table of the modern times has the rectangle-like form in one layer. It has been transformed according to the functional changes. Third, it is different also from the constructive aspect. The table of the Joseon dynasty period had the construction with one panel on 4 legs in layer upon layer, but the table today has one upper panel on legs supporting it. Namely, the term "table" has been constantly used from the Josen dynasty period until today, but it has a totally different meaning according to the times on the basis of the changes in function and shape. In the furniture which maintains the function and shape of the square-typed table with 3 or 4 layers and the book table in the Joseon dynasty but is used under the different term in the present times it can be counted that display cupboard or bookshelf. Furthermore, desk and tea table can be regarded as furniture which exactly corresponds with the term "table" used in the present days, and also in the Joseon dynasty period there were furniture with such same function as like the writing table and small dining table.