• Korean Security Journal
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• no.45
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• pp.129-159
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• 2015

The police do their best effort to make all security standards of competence and law enforcement suit the public's expectation, take precedence over the direction of the security policy to what the people want, and realize the Republic of Korea in which the people are happy with a strong police security. On the other hand. The people demand the fairly high level of moral integrity to the police who are in charge of law enforcement at the forefront than any other organization. Suggesting various measures for enhancing the organizational level of police ethics in police ethics awareness of police offices have been working on, yet the prevailing view that still insufficient. In this study, after analyzing the current moral status of the police, I suggest ways to improve as follows: First, strengthening the training and improving the program of police ethics. For this, securing professional teacher and implementation of customized ethics training are necessary. Second, the subject of human nature test should be expanded. The targets are limited to less than a supervisor. It should be expanded to all police officers. Third, the improvement of the organizational culture. For this, introduction of mentoring system and enlightening-oriented inspection is needed. Fourth, reducing the burden of manpower by reinforcing personnel. By defusing lack of police personnel, the police will be able to conduct intensive and effective ethics education. Finally, the provision of the stress relief measures for the police. To this end, the police requires constant efforts of the organization itself.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.161-184
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• 2014

The dramatic rise of experience space using cultural heritage in modern architecture has been generally acknowledged in recent literature. The present study aims to investigate effective ways to enhance competitiveness in local experience space, with an emphasis on the use of cultural heritage in modern architecture. Using the case of the Sam-Rae Arts Village in Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk, this study analyzes the characteristics of the 4Es in experience economy theory. In order to arrive at findings that represent the variety of perspectives found in this context, qualitative interviews were conducted with three groups: public officials, maintenance staff in the experience center, and field experts. The results of this study revealed that the Visual Media Art Museum and Book Wooks were used for entertainment, the Corpentry Shop for education, the Book Museum for escapism, and the Design Museum Culture $Caf{\acute{e}}$ The O's for aestheticism. Additionally, depending on the commercial potential of the respective experience space, the Corpentry Shop, Book Wooks, and the Culture $Caf{\acute{e}}$ The O's were used for profit purposes while the Design Museum and the Visual Media Art Museum for non-profit. Based on the findings of the present study, effective ways to enhance competitiveness in the local experience space are suggested. First, the public nature of cultural enjoyment may be realized in a field that bears non-profit characteristics. In exhibiting works, the experience space could suggest the extra demonstration. Second, in the for-profit experience hall, the securing of tourists may help to maximize profit. In so doing, a variety of experience programs and activity spaces could be provided internally, while advertisement marketing through mobile and SNS could be reinforced externally.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.431-445
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• 2000

In general the prevalence of old people is high and frequently have multiple diseases and symtoms requiring treatment. The nature of illness in the elderly has to be faced, and drugs do have an important part in the treatment of that illness. The purpose of this study were to describe health status and medication, and to provide some basic data for elderly's health education, especially for the right medication. Body mass index, self perceived health status, activities of daily living, disease and experience of past operation were surveyed to recognize the 249 elderly's actual health status. The degree of the elderly's understanding the way of medication, experience of side effects, experience of drug combination and incidence of drug adverse reaction along with drug combination were examined for medication. The aged $women(BMI; 10.7\pm13.3\%)$ overweighed the aged $men(BMI; 4.0\pm10.4\%)$. $69.0\%$ of them recognized their health good. Their activities of daily living were diminished following by the age group(p=0.0068) and relationship with self perceived health status were very significant(p=0.0005). They(192 elderly) suffered from multiple disease such as $osteoarthritis(49.5\%)$, $hypertension(32.0\%)$, gastric $disorder(16.1%)$, $diabetes(14.6\%)$, $osteomalacia(10.9\%)$, cardiovascular $disease(9.9\%)$, senile $cataract(5.7\%)$, skin $rash(5.2\%)$, liver $disease(4.2\%)$, kidney $disease(3.6\%)$, spinal cord $problem(3.6\%)$, respiratory $disease(2.1\%)$ $tuberculosis(1.0\%)\;etc(1.0\%).$ $28.3\%$ of them replied that they had an operation for appendictis senile cataract, peptic ulcer, spinal cord problem, pleurisy, hemorrhoid and the rest. Most of $them(87.4\%)$ knew the way very well how to use drugs, and $21.6\%$ of the replied 171 elderly experienced adverse drug reaction. Drug compliance rate were $high(83.6\%)$. In our study 56.9% of the 167 elderly took several medicine together. And $18.9\%$ of the 95 elderly who did drug combination had an experience of drug interaction. One person kept average 5.5 kinds of drugs at home among 243 elderly. They kept $digestives(79.4\%)$, $ointments(68.7\%)$, $vitamins(59.7\%)$, $analgesics(59.7\%)$, cold $medicines(45.3\%)$ antiarthritic $drugs(33.3\%)$, health $foods(27.7\%)$, antihypertensive $drugs(25.1\%)$, anti peptic ulcer $drugs(24.7\%)$, $laxatives(19.8\%)$, $antacids(16.5\%),\;antibiotics(l6.5\%)$, hypoglycemic $agents(10.3\%)$, cardiac $stimulants(7.0\%)$, $diuretics(4.5\%)$, antiarrhythmic $drugs(4.9\%)$, anti anginal $drugs(4.1\%)$, $hypnotics(3.3\%)$, $etc(38.3\%)$. With this result, we ascertain that polypharmacy in the elderly caused by multiple disease is common, which lead to drug interaction. So our task is to educate elderly how to use drugs in order to maximize their efficiency and to minimize their adverse effects.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.4 s.117
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• pp.69-83
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• 2006

Nature rehabilitation has become a major theme in river management in South Korea. An analysis and evaluation of the landscape is a crucial step to select the suitable tracts for developing or conserving land use in the process of landscape planning. The purpose of this paper is to establish a hierarchical procedure for the setting of the landscape units on the various scales at which field biologists performed their observations and to select the preserves through by a suitability model for synthesizing the ecological empirical, and biophysical data. An evaluation process needs to be performed according to the landscape scales: site, local, and regional scales, at which the environmental data were collected, analyzed, and synthesized. Introducing of three level scales was crucially necessary for evaluating the various multi level ecological data for zoning of preserves in river corridors. The evaluation level at different scales are hierarchically established into three phases. The first evaluation phase can be performed by the long length units defined by the ranges of stream widths at regional scale. Secondly, each of these long units can be divided into two or more segments according to its landscape homogeneity at local level. Finally the segments at the last phase can be designated according to the location of the reservoir weirs and bridges at site level. The conceptual model components are adopted for collecting, evaluating, and interpreting the biological and abiotic data at site level. Three preserves are selected, having high potentials for being intensely managed as the Ecological Education Areas in the river. Despite a lot of assumption the results are expected to facilitate discussion and decision making about which frameworks of evaluation are desirable and adaptable for integrating the ecological data into the rehabilitation design process in South Korea.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.41
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• pp.321-352
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• 2020

Donghaean Byeolsingut itself reflects the ideals and dreams of seaside life. Imagination and interest in water are fully reflected in Donghaean Byeolsingut as a living in a seaside town. For the beach people, water is the foundation of life and the object of fear. It is the water of life and the water of death. It projects the whole process of life into the imagination created by the world encompassed by the sea. The beach's imagination is an existential insight into the whole process of life and a reflection of existential agony. At Poongeoje, the villagers hope for a specific blessing from God. People are free only when God's retribution comes down. The villagers feel free because of the virtue of the shaman's blessing. Individual trauma is experienced to a certain extent by gaining mental freedom. It can be said that the state of aesthetic pleasure experienced by creating an art work by itself and the nature of aesthetic pleasure experienced through Pungeoje and Byeolsingut are not different. The prototype of Poongeoje is a free spirit, and a religious aesthetic to strengthen the free spirit is the core of the aesthetic.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.171-184
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• 2013

The importance for local development, which residents' attitudes have reflected, is well known. Therefore, in order to formulate an approach for sustainable development, a study on sustainable waterfront development has become necessary. This study performed the first step analysis of Limits of Acceptable Change(LAC) System that considers the local residential attitude to make the analysis and standard for acceptable development type in the waterfront. This study used the characteristics of the residents, the social exchange theory, and the LAC System. This was done because it is useful to ensure that basic data can be used for the establishment of management objectives. Yeoju-Si was selected as the site for the investigation. A total of 240 surveys were obtained. Analyses were conducted to 1) determine the relationships between the residents' attitudes toward the waterfront development type and the acceptable development type and 2) to examine relationships between the residents' characteristics and the residents' attitudes toward the waterfront development. The results of this study are as follows: The development pertaining to the parameter 'nature education' arguably has the potential to generate substantial revenues for Yeoju-Si and could link the local development and conservation. This study concludes that the area of residence were closely correlated with the residents' attitudes.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.64-73
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• 2024

As the seriousness of habitat destruction caused by development projects emerges, the importance of environmental impact assessment (EIA) is increasing to preserve biodiversity. In previous studies, research is being conducted to quantitatively evaluate the biodiversity impact of development factors and surrounding environmental factors on the landscape scale, but research on the factors affecting the reduction of biodiversity based on development projects is insufficient. This study examined whether independent variables (size of development project, type of the development, DEM, ecosystem and nature map, distance from the green land, distance from the protected area), which have been proven to effect biodiversity through the previous researches, have a significant effect on the change of richness index (RI) through multi-class logistic regression analysis, T-test, and analysis of the development type. As a result, only the size of development project and the first richness index in EIA showed p-value less than 0.05. And it was confirmed that the reduction in biodiversity was significantly changed in the following construction types: installation of sports facilities, energy development, and development of industrial location and industrial complex. Since the results of this study confirmed that the impact of the variables may be inconsistent depending on the analysis scale, additional study of necessary indicators at the development project is needed to analyze biodiversity changes in EIA accurately.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.434-450
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• 2001

This study is designed to understand the meaning and nature of raising children with cerebral palsy. It researches the experience of mothers of schoolchildren with cerebral palsy by the research method of hermeneutic phenomenology. The study was conducted from November 10, 1999 to December 20, 2000. When children with cerebral palsy usually show symptoms in the early stage of cerebral palsy, mothers do not take children to a doctor for diagnosis. And, most of mothers have a difficult time to accept the reality; they usually respond to the initial diagnosis with shock, reproach, and deny. When mothers start recognizing the reality, they consider that their children have cerebral palsy due to the their mismanagement during pregnancy, delivery, nursing, and initial treatment. They shelter their children from view and feel guilty that they cannot afford to try folk remedies for their children. As time passes, mothers face conflicts between families in diverse ways. Families put the blame on genetic effects. Mothers-in-law give their daughters-in-law a hard time, husbands shift the responsibility of raising children onto their wives, and trouble arises between families-in-law and mothers native families. When children grow up, it is physically difficult for mothers to take care their children. In addition, they suffer from all the troubles in family due to childrens handicap. Mothers try the diverse methods of bringing up children. However, they start getting tired of raising children as they experience failures and financial difficulties. Mothers feel collapsed recalling the ways of raising children. They feel anxiety, miserable, lonely, and worrying when they think how children would attend school, make friends, and live in the future. In this stage, mothers do their best to raise their children with hope. They tend to compare their children with others without handicap and spend money and time in attempting all the treatments. When mothers and children join the society at school, they find that the society does not understand disabled people, teachers show inconsiderate attitude, friends avoid them, and children hardly follow classes. Such experiences make mothers feel angry and frustrated. However, when children adapt to school, mothers see the possibility that children could accomplish schoolwork. They appreciate teachers help and others consideration. Mothers place appropriate expectations on their children and help them to prepare for the future. I would make following suggestions based on the results. 1. As a primary basic course of rehabilitation nursing intervention, solution-centered nursing intervention system should be developed. The intervention needs to be based on the understanding of mothers, who raise children with cerebral palsy, through in-depth interview. 2. Advance researches on the development of individual nursing intervention should be conducted. Individual nursing intervention needs to prevent and release actual pain focusing on mothers raising children with cerebral palsy. 3. Integrated curriculum that help children with cerebral palsy lead a normal school life with ordinary children should be developed. 4. Basic research on using of facilities and effective application of service volunteer to help children with cerebral palsy in school needs to be conducted.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.216-223
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• 2020

This study investigated the ecological characteristics of Coreoperca herzi at Jaho stream from September 2018 to August 2019. This species inhabited riffle and midstream of the stream, where the riverbed structure was mostly covered with cobble and pebble. The depth of the habitat was 32-157 cm, and the velocity of stream fast at 0.64±0.28 (0.32-1.28) m/sec. The gender ratio of females to males was 1:0.95. The age according to the frequency analysis of total length indicated that the group with 42-80 mm in total length was one year old, the group with 80-130 mm was two years old, the group with130-200 mm was three years old, and the group over 200 mm was four years old. The total length of sexually mature fishes was 65 mm for females and 70 mm for males. The sexually mature individuals grown in nature had a smaller total length than those reared in a laboratory. The spawning season was from May to late July, and the water temperature was 18.4-26.4℃ during the period. The prosperous spawning season was from May to June, and the water temperature was 18.4-21.8℃ during the period. The average number of eggs in the ovaries was 462 (151-919) per mature female, and the matured eggs were yellowish and spherical with a mean diameter of 2.31±0.33 (1.93-3.10) mm. Calculation length-weight relation of Korean aucha perch showed the constant a as 0.00002 and b as 3.01, condition factor (K) as 1.76 (1.01-2.63) on average, and the slope was a positive value of 0.0005.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.78-89
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• 2009

As 'design for all' and 'adaptable design', universal design is highly demanded to be adopted in neighborhood forest trail. The research areas were Mt. Doeum in Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk Province and Mt. Anma in Chuncheon, Gangwon Province which were equipped based on 7 principles of universal design. The purpose of this research is providing baseline data for effective formulation of forest trail using universal design through visitors' evaluation on forest trail facilities by importance-performance analysis. Visitor's evaluation was achieved through questionnaire survey, and total 247 pieces of subjects were used for the analysis, 114 pieces from Mt. Doeum in Pohang and 113 pieces from Mt. Anma in Chuncheon. The residential areas of the respondents were mainly near each mountain - Mt. Doeum and Mt. Anma. According to the responses, nature study and education were the biggest reasons for the respondents' visits to Mt. Doeum, and so was the health to Mt. Anma, which are representative types of visiting behavior to nearby forest trails. The mean of importance was shown to be 3.87 while that of performance was 4.04, being a little higher than importance's, in importance-performance analysis of Mt. Doeum. This result suggests that the responders placed positive value on the forest trail applying universal design. It is necessary to improve the safety and convenience of guidance-safety handrail, make information sign easy to understand, and introduce an interpretive sign meeting the visiting purposes of visitors. Also, the management to make the road surface flat is in demand for the accessibility to forest trail. The mean of importance was 3.92 and that of performance was 3.99 in Mt. Anma, which suggests the necessity of improvement in safety of pavement material and boundary safety facilities.