• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.519-530
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• 2015

This study examines the effects of coping resources on life satisfaction of middle and older caregivers looking after family members with activities of daily living disabilities. Personal resources and socio-relational resources were included as predictors after controlling for demographic characteristics. We studied 154 middle and 132 older adults drawn from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA). The multiple regression results of this study were as follows. First, subjective health and family satisfaction had significant effects on middle-aged caregivers' life satisfaction. Specifically higher levels of subjective health and better relationships with their family predicted higher levels of life satisfaction. Second, cognitive function, household income, and family satisfaction had significant effects on middle-aged caregivers' life satisfaction. Higher household incomes, higher levels of cognitive function, and better relationships with family predicted higher levels of life satisfaction. For both middle and older adults, the effect size of family satisfaction was the largest out of all coping resources. The results revealed discrepancies regarding the importance of coping resources between middle and older caregivers, implying that developing interventions for middle and older caregivers (in accordance with their need for coping resources) is necessary. The results also indicated that having good relationships with one's family was the most important factor for both middle aged and older caregivers' life satisfaction. The results suggest that policies or services focused on endorsing healthy family relationships should be developed to improve the life satisfaction of caregivers.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.185-192
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to find the limited patterns of middle-aged women in selective functional movement evaluation and analyze the effects of pattern improvement exercises and general control groups on the Health Risk Appraisal (HRA). Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: The 31 subjects were physically healthy middle-aged women aged 40-59 living in Seoul, The subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. Forty-three physically healthy women were originally recruited and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=22) or the control group (n=21). However, due to lack of participation, a total of seventeen subjects in the exercise group and fourteen subjects in the control group participated in the study. All subjects were tested using Selective Functional Movement Assessment (SFMA) and HRA for the baseline measurement and joined an exercise program of their group for one hour per session, twice a week for four weeks. The experimental group was provided with the corrective exercises and the control group was given the general fitness program. A follow-up test was conducted after eight weeks from the baseline measurement. Results: Both experimental and control group showed significant changes in SFMA and HRA scores (p<0.05). In the experimental group and control groups, the SFMA and HRA showed significant improvement from baseline to 4 weeks (p<0.05). Also, in the experimental group, the SFMA was significantly improved from baseline to 8 weeks (p<0.05). For the experimental group, there was a significant improvement in SFMA after 4 weeks compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The corrective exercise in the experimental group had a positive effect on the SFMA score as well as the general squat exercise in the control group. The corrective exercise and general control group had the same positive effect on the HRA score.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1048-1057
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare nutrient intake, health-related factors, and risk factors for metabolic syndrome and to investigate the prevalence odds ratio according to fruit and vegetable intake among middle-aged Korean men. Subjects included 1,677 men aged 40 - 64 years. The average intake of fruits and vegetables was $578.48{\pm}5.90g/day$. Forty-nine percent of the subjects were categorized into the deficient group based on the intake of fruits and vegetables, and the other subjects were categorized into the adequate group. There was a significant difference in the nutrient density per 1,000 kcal of energy, minerals, vitamins, and dietary fiber between the fruit and vegetable intake groups (p<0.001). In terms of health-related factors, only the current smoking rate in the deficient group (57.9%) was higher than that in the adequate group (45.4%) (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the risk factors for metabolic syndrome between the fruit and vegetable intake groups. Proportion of serum triglycerides (42.6%) was the highest at a rate that exceeded the criteria for risk factors for metabolic syndrome, but systolic blood pressure (21.7%) showed a very low rate. The fasting blood glucose, serum triglycerides, and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in the deficient group than in the adequate group (p<0.05). Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 31.2%. OR for prevalence of metabolic syndrome related to fruit and vegetable intake was 1.270 times higher in the deficient group than in the adequate group (p<0.05). Also, when the daily fruit intake was increased by 100 g, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was reduced by 0.948 times but it was not related to the vegetable intake. The results of this study can be used as the basic data to establish the guidelines for fruit and vegetable intake for prevention of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged men.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.45-57
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• 2016

This study examined the effect factors for the preparations for the old age on the current satisfaction of life of the middle-aged. A survey of middle aged people living in Seoul and metropolitan areas was conducted. The data from 442 subjects were collected from 450 questionnaires excluding 8 incomplete datasets and analyzed. The results were as follows. First, the emotional and economical preparations for the old age had influences on the emotional satisfaction positively. Second, the educational background, jobs for technician/working, emotional and physical preparations for old age had a positive effect on the physical satisfaction. Third, the household income, emotional and economical preparation for the old age had a positive influence on the economical satisfaction. Fourth, sex, emotional preparations for old age had a positive effect on the social relation satisfaction. The research results suggested that the preparations for the old age should be arranged from the middle-aged years because it is difficult to improve the satisfaction of life for old age in the elderly.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.111-131
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• 2018

Objectives: This study examined the effects of residential proximity to adult children on the mental and physical health of middle-aged and older parents. The study also evaluated whether the parental age and gender of the adult child in closest proximity to the parent might moderate the association. Method: Data were drawn from five waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging(2006-2014). The analytic sample consisted of 7,359 parents aged 45 or older who had at least one non-coresidential adult child aged 19 or older. The analyses were conducted by estimating a series of fixed effects models while adjusting for the nested structure of the data. Results: The results showed that first, a closer distance between an adult child and the parent was generally associated with the parent experiencing a decrease in depressive symptoms. Yet, the mental health benefit was smaller for parents aged 65 years or older whose closest living adult child was a son. Second, a closer distance was observed to affect chronic illness only among middle-aged parents (aged 45 to 64). When the closest living adult child was a daughter, the middle-aged parent experienced deterioration in their chronic illness. On the other hand, the opposite pattern was observed when the closest living adult child was a son. Conclusions: The parental age and gender of the adult child in closest proximity to the parent might have varying effects on parents' health. A closer distance between an adult child and their parent has a positive impact on the mental health of the parent as a whole, whereas the effect of living closer was mixed in relation to the parental physical health.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.83-101
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• 2008

This research performs a multi comparison between the age of old households and the economic structure according to accommodation type as well as analyzing the economical structural difference of each type based on the features of aged households. The paper classified aged households into 3 groups according to age distribution. The economic structure analysis according to the age of old households and accommodation type was shown as follow: First, the economical structural analysis based on the age of old households showed a statistical difference in the total, labor, business, property and transfer income variables according to the age of each sample group. However, the non-business income and liabilities did not show a significant difference. Second, in the analysis of different economic earnings and initial expenses of middle-aged households according to the age distribution group showed a disparity in the total, labor, business, property, and transfer income variables according to the age of each sample group. However, aged households showed a statistical difference in total, labor, business and transfer income variables. Third, in the analysis of difference in the expense provision and size of consumption, there was a statistical difference in the expense variables of total consumption, food, dining out, electricity, water, furniture, kitchen supplies, clothing, shoe, education, culture, entertainment, transportation, and communication. Fourth, in the analysis of difference in the size of consumption expense, the initial and middle-aged households showed a statistical difference in the total consumption, food, dining out, electricity, water, furniture, kitchen supplies, clothing, shoe, education, culture, entertainment, transportation, communication, and consumption expense variables. However, the analysis of aged households has shown a statistical difference in the total consumption, food, dining out, electricity, water, furniture, kitchen supplies, clothing, shoe, education, culture, entertainment, transportation, and communication expense variables. The study found a statistical difference in the expense for hygienics that did not appear in the initial and middle-aged households.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.679-689
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the wearing & fit of ready-made and online custom dress shirts by surveying middle-aged men aged 40-54 years in order to collect information necessary for making good fit dress shirts. Also, we analyzed whether there were significant differences in the actual wearing of dress shirts according to the stature of middle-aged men. The stature was classified according to KS K 0050 as $R(157{\leq}x<170)$ and $T(170{\leq}x<182)$. The 23 questionnaire items were divided into three categories: 'General purchasing behavior and wearing', 'Fit satisfaction of ready-made dress shirts' and 'Wearing and fit satisfaction of online custom dress shirts'. Through the results of the study, we could understand the actual wearing condition of ready-made and online custom dress shirts. Also, differences in stature groups were found. The significant differences according to the stature groups were found in the interest in fashion, the purchase criteria, the limitation of the shirt size selection due to stature and body shape, shirt size satisfaction, repair experience, dissatisfaction with purchase and the experience of purchasing online custom dress shirts. Suggestions should be made to improve dissatisfaction with stature groups in the ready-made dress shirts. In addition, the study confirmed the consumer demand for the online custom dress shirts. In order to activate the online custom market, the online custom dress shirts company needs to reduce consumer dissatisfaction and improve size suitability.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.101-124
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• 2012

This study examined the longitudinal changes of self-perceptions of own aging among middle-aged and elderly adults, using the latent growth modeling with the three waves of the "Aging and the Quality of Life of the Elderly in Korea", which sampled adults aged over 45 living in Seoul and Chuncheon. The dependent variable is attitudes toward own aging, the sub-scale of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale developed by Lawton (1975). The results showed that the research participants' attitudes of their own aging deteriorated over time. In addition, the lower initial status of the research participants' attitudes of their own aging was associated with being older, being non-married, living in rural areas, attaining the lower level of education, having the fewer social activities, reporting the worse subjective economic status, and reporting the worse subjective health status. The slope of the research participants' attitudes of their own aging differed by the residence areas, educational attainments, subjective economic status and subjective health status. In particular, the difference of the initial status by educational attainments grew over time. Social welfare policy and practice implications are discussed for middle-aged and elderly adults to improve attitudes toward their own aging.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.411-417
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• 2018

Last year, the elderly population aged 65 years and over exceeded 14.2 percent of the total population, and Korea has entered the ageing society. At the same time, social interest in improving the health level and quality of life in the elderly has also increased. In particular, pain is one of the most common diseases experienced by middle-aged and elderly people and is one of the factors that closely affect the quality of life. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting the pain level and pain region of Korean medicine users and the use of Korean medicine in the Korean middle aged and elderly using the 6th Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) panel. As a result, the main influencing factors of Korean medical care were subjective factors such as gender, subjective health status, and education level. In particular, half of the middle-aged and elderly who used Korean medicine experienced back and knee pain, and generally complained of low level of pain. This study suggests the need for research and development of Korean medicine that can control and relieve the pain of the middle-aged and elderly.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.277-295
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• 2014

This study was purposed to examine the effect of the parental care burden on the labor force participation of the middle aged and older women. For this, this study used 2,125 samples aged from 50 to 70 years old that were extracted from 1st and 2nd wave of the Korean Retirement and Income Study(KReIS). In order to examine the causal relationship between two variables, Generalized Estimating Equation(GEE) and Multi-nominal Regression analysis were performed. The results showed that there was a positive effect of the parental care burden on the labor force participation of the middle aged and older women. However, this effect was limited only to the employment to the unpaid family workers. In addition, the effect was varied according to the level of caring time to the old parents. Based on that, several policy and practical implications were suggested.