• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2024

If an underground accident occurs, the cause must be quickly identified and human and material damage reduced. The Underground Accident Investigation Committee is responsible for identifying the causes of accidents and preparing response plans to prevent similar accidents from occurring in the future. The law stipulates that the Underground Accident Investigation Committee can operate from a minimum of 6 months to a maximum of 9 months after an accident occurs. However, the operation schedule of the Underground Accident Investigation Committee seems difficult to cite the accident investigation report to the construction project currently in progress at the same time project. In this study, the Underground Accident Investigation Committee seeks to establish a strategy for developing technology that can shorten data collection and analysis, which previously took 3 months, to less than 1 month. As a result of the research, five areas of technology development identified, ground data collection and transmission technology, ground safety data generation technology, digital twin-based underground safety analysis and visualization technology, digital twin-based geo-ambulance construction and operation technology, and digital twin-based geo-ambulance standardization and legal system. research was able to be conducted. If the proposed technology is developed, it is expected to contribute to reducing accident scenes through faster decision making than before.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.255-257
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• 2017

These days automotive markets are launching models that include a variety of IT technologies. Tesla's Tesla model S and Google's unmanned automobiles are emerging one after another. This type of automobile with IT technology provides various convenience to the driver and the driver is getting benefit by various conveience services. on the contrary, it is also true that defects for errors in electronic components cause accidents that threaten the safety of drivers. There is a sudden unintended acceleration among these accidents. The cause of the accident is not clear yet, but the claim that the ECU device caused by the magnetic field causes accident of the car due is the most reliable. But, in Korea, when occur a car sudden unintended acceleration accident, the char maker often claims that an accident occurred due to driver's pedal malfunction. Also most drivers are responsible for the lack of grounds to refute. In this paper, the pedal operation image of the driver is acquired and the sensor is attached to the control part such as the excel and brake so as to discriminate whether the vehicle sudden unintended acceleration accident is the driver's pedal operation error or the fault of. i have implemented a system that can do this.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

This study identifies the cause of the accident and presents a new concept for safe urban stream management by numerical simulating the flood event of Cheonggyecheon on August 17, 2017, using rain data measured through a dense weather observation network. In order to simulate water retention in the CSO channel listed as one of the causes of the accident, a reliable urban runoff model(XP-SWMM) was used which can simulate various channel conditions. Rainfall data measured through SK Techx using SK Telecom's cell phone station was used as rain data to simulate the event. The results of numerical simulations show that rainfall measured through AWSs of Korea Meteorological Administration did not cause an accident, but a similar accident occurred under conditions of rainfall measured in SK Techx, which could be estimated more similar to actual phenomena due to high spatial density. This means that the low spatial density rainfall data of AWSs cannot predict the actual phenomenon occurring in Cheonggyecheon and safe river management needs high spatial density weather stations. Also, the results of numerical simulation show that the residual water in the CSO channel directly contributed to the accident.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.18B no.3
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• pp.117-130
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to produce a better way to detect crossroad accidents, which involves an efficient method to produce background images in consideration of object movement and preserve/demonstrate the candidate accident region. One of the prior studies proposed an employment of traffic signal interval within crossroad to detect accidents on crossroad, but it may cause a failure to detect unwanted accidents if any object is covered on an accident site. This study adopted inverse perspective mapping to control the scale of object, and proposed different ways such as producing robust background images enough to resist surrounding noise, generating candidate accident regions through information on object movement, and by using edge information to preserve and delete the candidate accident region. In order to measure the performance of proposed algorithm, a variety of traffic images were saved and used for experiment (e.g. recorded images on rush hours via DVR installed on crossroad, different accident images recorded in day and night rainy days, and recorded images including surrounding noise of lighting and shades). As a result, it was found that there were all 20 experiment cases of accident detected and actual effective rate of accident detection amounted to 76.9% on average. In addition, the image processing rate ranged from 10~14 frame/sec depending on the area of detection region. Thus, it is concluded that there will be no problem in real-time image processing.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.221-234
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• 2016

Open port has the designated course and traffic jam of ships happens often. This fact may connect to ship crash easily. And the accident happens due to violation of navigation mainly. In ship crash between Neoblue and Shinkwang 7 at incheon open port, the Korean incheon maritime safety tribunal shows that the violation of navigation and duty of attention at the open port would produce ship crash directly. Wherefore, the interpretation and application of navigation are important to protect future ship crash accident. The points of navigation as objects of study are divided into two categories, interpretation and application of navigation on crashing between the ship which navigate the designated course and the ship which enter into the designated course from the another course or outside the course, interpretation and application of navigation on crashing between two or more ships, which navigate violating the navigation every ships and violating agreement rule each other. And as conclusion, I refer the legal responsibility both Neoblue and Shinkwang 7 in detail. The results of this study as follows : First, in case of crashing between the ship which navigate the designated course and the ship which enter into the designated course from the another course or outside the course, public order in open port act can be applied by priority. However, in applying the public order the principle of trust and reasons of crew, cause and effect, the time of navigation application are mandatory considerations. Second, in case of crashing between two or more ships, which navigate violating the navigation every ships and violating agreement rule each other, we should focus on the reasons of crew. Also, the reasons of crew need strict conditions. These means that the awareness of crash danger and recognition of special circumstance including limit state of ships, existence of emergency danger, non escaping crash danger by only observance of navigation. And in case of this state the public order the principle of trust and reasons of crew, cause and effect, the time of navigation application should be considered by priority, too.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.497-507
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• 2015

Nonrecurrent congestion of freeway was primarily caused by incident. The main cause of incident was known as a traffic accident. Therefore, accurate prediction of traffic incident clearance time is very important in accident management. Traffic accident data on freeway during year 2008 to year 2014 period were analyzed for this study. KNN(K-Nearest Neighbor) algorithm was hired for developing incident clearance time prediction model with the historical traffic accident data. Analysis result of accident data explains the level of accident significantly affect on the incident clearance time. For this reason, incident clearance time was categorized by accident level. Data were sorted by classification of traffic volume, number of lanes and time periods to consider traffic conditions and roadway geometry. Factors affecting incident clearance time were analyzed from the extracted data for identifying similar types of accident. Lastly, weight of detail factors was calculated in order to measure distance metric. Weight was calculated with applying standard method of normal distribution, then incident clearance time was predicted. Prediction result of model showed a lower prediction error(MAPE) than models of previous studies. The improve model developed in this study is expected to contribute to the efficient highway operation management when incident occurs.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.697-732
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• 2006

In this paper, a historical review of the developments in the safety of LWR power plants is presented. The paper reviews the developments prior to the TMI-2 accident, i.e. the concept of the defense in depth, the design basis, the large LOCA technical controversies and the LWR safety research programs. The TMI-2 accident, which became a turning point in the history of the development of nuclear power is described briefly. The Chernobyl accident, which terrified the world and almost completely curtailed the development of nuclear power is also described briefly. The great international effort of research in the LWR design-base and severe accidents, which was, respectively, conducted prior to and following the TMI-2 and Chernobyl accidents is described next. We conclude that with the knowledge gained and the improvements in plant organisation/management and in the training of the staff at the presently-installed nuclear power stations, the LWR plants have achieved very high standards of safety and performance. The Generation 3+LWR power plants, next to be installed, may claim to have reached the goal of assuring the safety of the public to a very large extent. This review is based on the historical developments in LWR safety that occurred primarily in USA, however, they are valid for the rest of the Western World. This review can not do justice to the many fine contributions that have been made over the last fifty years to the cause of LWR safety. We apologize if we have not mentioned them. We also apologize for not providing references to many of the fine investigations, which have contributed towards LWR safety earning the conclusions that we describe just above.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.10-15
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the injury mechanism of facial injury related to an air-bag's deployment in occupant motor vehicle accident (MVA) by using Hospital Information System (HIS) and reconstruction program, based on the materials related to motor vehicle accidents. Among patients who visited the emergency department of Wonju Severance Christian Hospital due to motor vehicle accidents from August 2012 to February 2014, we collected data on patients with agreement for taking the damaged vehicle's photos. After obtaining the verbal consent from the patient, we asked about the cause of the accident, information on vehicle involved in the accident, and the location of car repair shop. The photos of the damaged vehicle were taken on the basis of front, rear, left side and right side. Damage to the vehicle was presented using the CDC code by analytical study of photo-images of the damaged vehicle, and a trauma score was used for medical examination of the severity of the patient's injury. Among the 309 patients with agreement for an investigation, thirty five (11.3 %) were the severe who had ISS over 15. And also, sixteen (5.2%) derived from the reconstructed data (maximum collision energy, maximum acceleration, delta V) by PC-Crash. As a result, ISS including the facial injuries was affected by the condition. It was high when the number of crash extent, the safety belt was not fastened, and the seating position of occupant and the direction of collision is same. For accurate analysis of the relationship between occupant injury and vehicle damage in MVAs, build-up of an in-depth database through carrying out various policies for motor vehicle accidents is necessary for sure.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.165-173
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• 2016

Objective: The objective of this research is to inquire about safety information from the standpoint of its usefulness to suggest the significance of the Reactive Safety Action Program, which serves to promote aviation safety culture. Background: Safety information plays an important role in operating safety programs. Each organization learns lessons from safety information collected from aviation accidents and incidents. When an accident occurs, it is only through safety investigation and a close inquiry on the cause that we can come up with an appropriate countermeasure which would contribute to preventing the recurrence of the same or similar accident. However, the usefulness of safety information produced from unsatisfactory safety investigation is insufficient. Method: This research analyzed the characteristics of aviation accidents, the differences between safety investigations and legal accident investigations in systematic and operative perspectives, and safety culture as a measure to activate reporting systems (compulsory/voluntary). Results: This research defined the investigation scope and processes of safety investigations and legal accident investigations. It also suggested factors such as just culture based on trust, non-punitiveness, confidentiality, the participation of the entire staff through the use of inclusive reporting base, ensuring the independence of the operating organization as a way to promote safety through reporting systems. Conclusion: The organization's effort is the important aspect in obtaining exact and accurate safety information from accidents/incidents. The separate running of SIB (Safety Investigation Board) and AIB (Accident Investigation Board), the systematization of safety information reporting system, and prescribing (legislating) the composition of related organizations are some representative programs. Application: This research inquired experiences that contributed in promoting aviation safety culture in a reactive perspective, and will serve a role in spreading safety culture by enabling the use of application experiences of the aviation field in other domains.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.174-182
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences of accident and visiting emergency center, and the experiences of education about emergency care for parents. The subjects of this study were 117 mothers whose children are attending 9 different nursery schools or kindergartens. The instrument used in this study was developed by researchers and validated by nursing professor, first aid doctor and the president of nursery school, and consisted of 'most important thing in child rearing' ,'experiences of accident and visiting emergency center', 'type of trauma' and 'need for parent education program' the result of this study were as followed ; 1.There were 70.09％ of the experience of visiting emergency center among the subjects. The cause of visiting emergency center were high fever and convulsion(42.86％), and trauma by accident(28.04％) 2. The most common type of the indoor accident were fall down and slipping(76.92％), the common type of trauma were contusion (76.92％), abrasion(47.01％), laceration(29.06％), dislocation or fracture(12.82％), burn(10.26％), piercing(8.55％). 3.47.01％ of subjects had the experience of education about emergency care for parents. They were educated by child rearing journals (32.72％), small books which were published by hospitals or community health center (25.45％), mass media(21.8％), parent seminar (12.72％), nursery school or kindergarten (5.45％). In conclusion, the need of emergency care for children was strongly found. Therefore, on the basis of above results, the parent education program which fits their cognitive level and their health care needs So, it must be directed on the further study of parents' knowledge about emergency care for children. To enhance the effectiveness of program and accomplish the children's health promotion, advanced instructional media and demonstration must be included.