• Macromolecular Research
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.418-426
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• 2005

One-pack cross-linkable nanocomposites of waterborne methyl ethyl ketoxime (MEKO)-blocked aromatic polyurethane dispersion (BPUD) reinforced with organoclay (quaternary ammonium salt of Cloisite 25A) were synthesized by the acetone process using 4,4'-methylenedi-p-phenyl diisocyanate (MDl), poly(tetramethylene) glycol (PTMG), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), and methyl ethyl ketoxime (MEKO). Particle size, viscosity, and storage stability of these nanocomposites were investigated. TEM and XRD studies confirmed that the silicate layers of organophilic clay were exfoliated and intercalated at a nanometer-scale in the BPUD matrix.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 1987

Inosamine(deoxyaminoinositol) stereomers such as scyllo-inosamine, myo-inosamine-2, epi-inosamine-2 and myo-inesamine-4 have been synthesize from myo-inositol (1,2,3,5/4,6-hexahydroxycyclohexane) And sixteen of quaternary ammonium salt type deoxyaminoinositols such as dimethylalktl-deoxy-scyllo-inosityl-, dimethylalkyl-2deoxy-2myo-inosityl-, dimethylalkyl-2-deoxy-2-epi-inosityl and dimethylal inosityl-, dimethylalkyl-2-deoxy-2-myo-inosityl-, dimethylalkyl-2-deoxy-2-epi-inosityl and dimethylalkyl-4-deoxy-4-myo-imosityl ammonium chlorides with straight chain alkyl group having from eight to fourteen carton atoms have been synthesized from four kinds of the imosamine stereomers. The isolation and detection of dimethylalkyl-deoxy-inosityl ammonium chlorides have been investigated by column chromatography, paper chromatography, infrared absorption spectra and elementary analysis, respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.857-862
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• 2006

The catalytic enantioselective Michael reaction promoted by quaternary ammonium salts from Cinchona alkaloids as a phase-transfer catalyst is described. Treatment of malonates with $\alpha$,$\beta$-unsaturated ketones under mild reaction conditions afforded the corresponding Michael adducts in good yields with good to moderate enantiomeric excesses.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.1843-1847
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• 2010

An efficient method for the preparation of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole compounds is described using polymeric quaternary ammonium salts having azide or alkyne functionality to remove unreacted excess starting molecules (azide/alkyne). Copper metal could easily be removed by simple filtration with a short $Na_2SO_4$/silica cartridge, affording highly regioselective products in high yield and excellent purity without the need for work-up, extraction and chromatographic purification.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.39-56
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• 2008

A wide variety of materials including aldehydes, cationic agents, alcohols, peroxygens, phenols and chlorinated phenols, metal ions are being employed as biocides. Among three levels for biocidal functions (sanitization, disinfection and sterilization), disinfection is an enough level for antimicrobial textiles. In terms of antimicrobial agents for textile applications, quaternary ammonium salts (QAS), chitosan, metal and metal salts, N-halamine based materials are developed with numerous research and the positive ions of those materials may result in disinfection of microorganisms. Photocatalysts, especially titanium dioxide (titania) produces the hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}\;OH$) which causes inactivation of microorganisms after UV radiation, have been used for antimicrobial applications.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.682-690
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• 1999

The quaternary random copolyesters of poly (butylene glutarate-co-adipate-co-succinate-co-terephthalate)(PBGAST) were synthesized and charaterized by $^1H-NMR$ spectrometry, DSC method, and X-ray diffractometry. Thus the melting point trends and crystallization behaviors of PBGAST copolyesters were obviously depended on terephthalate content in copolymers as well as reaction condition.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 1999.11b
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• pp.56-60
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• 1999

In this paper, a series of amphoteric polyacrylamide(PAM) with different molecular weight and charge were synthesized and used as retention and dewatering aids. Better products had been selected and tested under varied conditions. Effects of molecular weight, cationic charge density, degree of hydrolysis and other factors of PAM on retention and dewatering of papermaking were also considered. Finally, synthesized quaternary and tertiary ammonium amphoteric polyacrylamide were practised in paper mill trial.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.145-146
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• 1996

The 2.4-kb cryptic plasmid (pKH8) of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SA2 was characterized by complete nucleotide sequencing and homology comparison. pKH8 was found to contain three open reading frames. Protein analysis of pKH8 showed that pKH8 was a multidrug resistance plasmid and mediated resistance to ethidium bromide and quaternary ammonium compounds.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.45-46
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• 2015

Se 원소가 포함된 $CuIn_xGa_{1-x}Se_2$(CIGS) 단일 스퍼터링 타겟을 이용하여 후처리 공정없이 단일 스퍼터링 공정만으로 CIGS 흡수층 박막을 증착하여 소자 특성을 확인하였다. 단일 CIGS 흡수층 공정이 적용된 CIGS 박막태양전지 소자(유리기판/Mo/단일 CIGS 흡수층 박막/CdS/i-ZnO/Al-doped ZnO/Ni-Al grid)에서 10.0%의 태양광 변환 효을을 달성하였으며, 이는 기존의 복잡한 공정구조를 해결하여 대면적 양산화 CIGS 제조 공정에도 적용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.18 no.1 s.22
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• pp.21-30
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• 2004

The Ilgwang Fault is NNE-striking, elongated 40 Km between Ulsan and Haeundae-ku, Busan in southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula. This paper si mainly concerned about the ages of the fault activities especially in the Quaternary, inferred from classification of geomorphic surfaces and trench excavation for the construction of Singori nuclear power plant. The geomorphic surfaces are classified into Beach and the Alluvial plain, the 10 m a.s.l. Marine terrace(MIS 5a), the 20 m a.s.l. Marine terrace(MIS 5e), the Reworked surface of 45 m a.s.l. Marine terrace(MIS 7 or 9) and the Low relief erosional surface. The Low relief erosional surface is distributed coastal side, the Reworked surface of 45m a.s.l. Marine terrace inland side by the Ilgwang Fault Line as the boundary line. But the former is above 10 m higher in relative height than the latter. The 20 m a.s.l. Marine terrace on the elongation line of the Ilgwang Fault reveals no dislocation. A site was trenched on the straight contact line with $N30^{\circ}E$-striking between the 10 m a.s.l. Marine terrace and the 20 m a.s.l. Marine terrace. Fault line or dislocation was not observable in the trench excavation. Accordingly, the straight contact line is inferred as the ancient shore line of the 10 m a.s.l. Marine terrace. The Ages of the Fault activities are inferred after the formation of the Ichonri formation - before the formation of the 45 m a.s.l. Marine terrace(220 Ka. y. B.P. or 320. Ka. y. B.P.). The Low relief erosional surface was an island above the sea-level during the formation of the 45 m a.s.l. marine terrace in the paleogeography.