• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 2015

Purpose: We developed and validated a fetal trisomy detection method for use as a noninvasive prenatal test (NIPT) including a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-certified bioinformatics pipeline on a cloud-based computing system using both Illumina and Life Technology sequencing platforms for 221 Korean clinical samples. We determined the necessary proportions of the fetal fraction in the cell-free DNA (cfDNA) sample for NIPT of trisomies 13, 18, and 21 through a limit of quantification (LOQ) test. Materials and Methods: Next-generation sequencing libraries from 221 clinical samples and three positive controls were generated using Illumina and Life Technology chemistries. Sequencing results were uploaded to a cloud and mapped on the human reference genome (GRCh37/hg19) using bioinformatics tools. Based on Z-scores calculated by normalization of the mapped read counts, final aneuploidy reports were automatically generated for fetal aneuploidy determination. Results: We identified in total 29 aneuploid samples, and additional analytical methods performed to confirm the results showed that one of these was a false-positive. The LOQ test showed that the proportion of fetal fraction in the cfDNA sample would affect the interpretation of the aneuploidy results. Conclusion: Noninvasive chromosome examination (NICE), a CLIA-certified NIPT with a cloud-based bioinformatics platform, showed unambiguous success in fetus aneuploidy detection.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.293-301
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• 2000

Toxicity of a combined preparation of ticlopidine and ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) in a ratio of 10: 4 was examined in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were treated with the test substance intragastrically at a dose of 0 mg/kg, 17 mg/kg, 52 mg/kg or 156 mg/kg for 91 consecutive days. No death or abnormal clinical sign was observed throughout the administration period. There was no difference in body weight gain, food intake or water consumption among different dose groups. Test sub-stance-related differences were not observed in urinalysis. In hematological results mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) of low and high dose male group was increased. Prothrombin time of medium and high dose female group was decreased. A significant increase in serum total cholesterol was observed in both sexes of rats treated with a daily dose of 156 mg/kg, but all the other values obtained in serum chemistry appeared to be within normal ranges. A dose dependent increase in the relative liver and kidney weights was observed in both male and female rats. There were no gross pathological findings at terminal sacrifice. Microscopic histopathological examination did not show any lesion associated with administration of the test substance. The results suggest that under the conditions employed in this study no observable effect level (NOEL) of the test substance be greater than 17 mg/kg/day, but less than 52 mg/kg/day.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.247-252
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• 2017

Purpose: This study sought to examine the effect of coordinative locomotor training (CLT) program on the balance and gait of stroke patients and to develop effective programs and training methods to improve the functions of such patients. Methods: Subjects included 29 patients with hemiplegia caused by stroke. The subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=14) that participated in CLT program and a control group (n=15) that participated in general exercise therapy. The experimental group underwent CLT program, while the control group underwent general exercise therapy, for 30 minutes, 3 days per week for a 6-week period. timed up and go test (TUG), four square step test (FSST), figure-of-8-walk test (F8WT), and 10m walking test (10MWT) were conducted to evaluate changes in balance and gait. Results: After the intervention, significant differences (p<0.05) were seen in the TUG, FSST, F8WT, and 10MWT in both groups. The experimental group showed more significant improvement than the control group(p<0.05). Conclusion: The results from this study indicate that a CLT program is extremely effective for improving the balance and gait in stroke patients.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.79-84
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• 1998

In this paper we show design and operation of 1MWth pulverized coal combustion test facility. The test facility is consists of coal feeding system, furnace and flue gas treatment system. The furnace is equipped with a top-fired burner in order to avoid influence of gravity on the coal particles. There are two part of vertical(VP) and horizontal pass(HP) at furnace. We can measure temperature and species of coal flames in vertical pass. Also, there is horizontally arranged section where investigation regarding corrosion and deposit formation will be carried out. The burner of combustor was externally air staging burner(EASB) type made by IFRF. The pulverized high bituminous(Blair athol) coal from Australia was used as fuel, and the particle size less than 80 ${\mu}m$ was 83.4%. Overall excess air ratio was 1.2.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.107-119
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• 2018

In this study, we have developed a real-time monitoring device for measuring PM10 and PM2.5 of ambient aerosol particles. The real-time PM monitor (SENTRY Dust Monitor) uses the optical scattering method and has 16 channels in particle size. The laboratory and field tests were carried out to evaluate the developed SENTRY Dust Monitor. Arizona Test Dust particles were used as test particles in the laboratory test and the field test was carried out at the Jongno-gu Observatory in Seoul. The measurements of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations obtained by SENTTRY Dust Monitor were compared with Grimm Dust Monitor (Model 1.108) and a beta ray gauge. It was shown that the PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations obtained by SENTRY Dust Monitor agree well with that of the reference devices. Based on the results obtained in this study, it could be concluded that the SENTRY Dust Monitor can be used as a PM monitoring device for real-time monitoring of the ambient aerosols.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.170-178
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to examine the effects of the Danjeon Breathing Exercise Program on physical fitness, levels of serum lipid and physical symptom of people using public health center at Yangju city. Method: One group pretest-posttest design was utilized for this study. This study has been done from July 6 to September 28, 2005 and the subjects of the study were 28 persons. Danjeon breathing exercise was carried out for 60 minutes a day, 3 times a week for 12 weeks. Physical fitness was measured using the Health Management System developed by the Korea Physical Science Institution. Serum lipid level was measured in public health center at Yangju city. Questions of physical symptom (35 items) were chosen from Cornell Medical Index. The collected data were processed by using the SPSS PC program and analyzed by using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Result: 1. The scores of back strength, flexibility and balance of post-test were more increased after Danjeon breathing exercise than those of pre-test. But the score of muscular endurance of post-test was not significantly increased. 2. The degrees of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride of post-test were more decreased after Danjeon breathing exercise than those of pre-test. But the degree of HDL-cholesterol of post-test was not significantly increased in statistics. 3. The score of physical symptoms of post-test was not significantly decreased in statistics after Danjeon breathing exercise than that of pre-test. Conclusion: It is concluded that the Danjeon Breathing Exercise Program could increase the physical fitness and decrease levels of serum lipid. So Danjeon breathing exercise could be utilized to promote physical fittness and to decrease level of serun lipids.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.30 no.sup
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• pp.4.1-4.7
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• 2015

Objectives Approximately 2000 phase-in substances are subject to registration according to the Act on the Registration and Evaluation, etc. of Chemical Substances (K-REACH), and the expected testing cost is 2.06 trillion Korean won assuming all the test data required for registration are acquired. The extent to which these enormous test costs can be reduced depends on the availability of existing data that can be used to meet the requirements of the K-REACH we examined the current availability of test data that can be used for chemical substance registration. Methods We analyzed the possibility of utilizing the existing test data obtained from 16 reference databases for 369 of 518 kinds of phase-in substances subject to registration that were reported in last October 2014. Results The physical and chemical properties were available for 57.1% of substances, whereas data regarding human hazards and environmental hazards were available at considerably lower rates, 8.5% and 11.8%, respectively. Conclusions Physical and chemical properties were available for a fairly high proportion, whereas human hazards and environmental hazards were reported for considerably fewer substances.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.125-134
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• 2007

Purpose: The study aimed to identify the effects of a newborn care education program on newborn care confidence and behavioral accuracy of primiparas in a postpartum care center. Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. Subjects were 29 primiparas selected from a postpartum care center in D and P hospitals in Ulsan. The intervention was a newborn care education program which was composed of education with a booklet, demonstration, watching a video, and verbal encouragement. The outcome variables were newborn care confidence and behavioral accuracy. Data was collected from Feb. 1 to Mar 22 in 2005 with self-administered questionnaires and observation by researchers. Data was analyzed using the $X^2-test$, Fisher's exact test, t-test and ANCOVA. Result: The experimental group showed significantly higher score changes between the pre-test and post-test in confidence and behavioral accuracy than the control group. Conclusion: The newborn care education program showed positive effects on newborn care confidence and behavioral accuracy of primiparas in a postpartum care center. Therefore, we recommend that this program should be applied in postpartum care centers.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.31-43
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• 2007

The function of O-ring seals is to prevent leakage during the service life of the components in which they are installed. The life prediction of O-ring is very important at various industry fields. Generally, to evaluated the long-term performance of O-ring in severe environments has applied a life prediction technique based on accelerated life test (ALT). In this work, Accelerated thermal aging test(l20, 130, 140, $150^{\circ}C$) of O-ring was applied for life prediction of O-ring. The property changes after thermal aging test was measured using TGA, DSC, FT - IR, Video Microscope and SEM. Shape parameter and life prediction were obtained using MINITAB program.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.235-244
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• 2011

Hydraulic hose assemblies deliver a fluid power in various oil pressure equipment such as construction machinery, automobile, aircraft, industrial machinery, machine tools and machinery for ships. Also, they are widely used as pipes in oil pressure circuit. When we estimate their lifetime, it is essential to conduct an accelerated life test by choosing the factor that suits the usage condition of the test object since traditional test method for estimating lifetime under the influence of various external factors incurs hardship in terms of time and expenses. The objective of this study is to propose an acceleration model that takes both temperature and pressure without flexing condition into consideration. The lifetime is estimated by applying the proposed temperature-nonthermal acceleration model to the test data. And we compare the proposed temperature-nonthermal acceleration model and the accelerated life equation suggested by John(1994).