• 제목/요약/키워드: Test 1.1 & 2.1

검색결과 37,430건 처리시간 0.074초

IGRINS Test Observation Results from Seoul National University

  • Koo, Bon-Chul;Lee, Yong-Hyun;Kim, Hyun-Jeong;Kim, Yesol;Lee, Jae-Joon
    • 천문학회보
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    • 제39권2호
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    • pp.94.1-94.1
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    • 2014
  • We have carried out IGRINS test observations during its May commissioning run. Our targets were composed of three Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs), one supernova remnant (SNR), and an unidentified stellar source emitting [Fe II] 1.644 um line. In the preliminary results, three LBVs MWC 314, P Cygni, and AFGL 2298 show different characteristics: the spectrum of MWC 314 which is known to be in a binary system clearly shows double-peak structures in hydrogen and iron lines, the P Cygni spectrum reveals the Brackett series of hydrogen emission lines with prominent P-Cygni profiles, and AFGL 2298 likely at its visual minimum phase shows rather different spectrum with relatively weak hydrogen lines. The SNR (G11.2-0.3) was to test the sensitivity of IGRINS for diffuse emission. We successfully detected a dozen H2 emission lines with a velocity width of ~13 km/s, which might indicate a C-shock origin. The unidentified stellar source was one of stellar/compact sources of unknown nature detected in the survey of the Galactic plane in [Fe II] 1.644 um emission line (http://gems0.kasi.re.kr/uwife/). Its spectrum is under investigation. We will present the spectra of test observations and will discuss their scientific significance.

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Accelerated and Outdoor Exposure Tests of Aluminum Coated Steel Sheets

  • Kim, Jongmin;Lee, Jaemin;Lim, Sangkyu;Jung, Choonho
    • Corrosion Science and Technology
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    • 제10권6호
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    • pp.199-204
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    • 2011
  • Hot dip metallic coated steels like as galvanized (GI), zinc-aluminium (GL) and aluminium coated steels are mostly used where corrosion resistance is needed. There are two kinds (type 1 and type 2) of aluminium coated steel being commercially used among them. Type 1 aluminium coated steel is coated with an Al-5~11 wt%Si alloy and Type 2 aluminium coated steel consists of commercially pure aluminium. Type 1 Al coated steel is generally used in automotive components and electrical appliances while type 2 aluminium coated steel is mainly used in construction applications such as building cladding panels, air conditioning and ventilation system. In this study, Type 1 aluminium coated steels have tested by accelerated conditions (salt spray or corrosive gas) and outdoor exposure condition in order to understand their corrosion behaviour. Due to the distinct corrosion mechanism of Al which exposes to the severe chloric condition, Salt Spray Test cannot predict the ordinary atmospheric corrosion of Al based coated materials. In addition, the test results and their corrosion feature of Al coated steel sheets will be discussed comparing with other metallic coated steel sheets of GI and GL.

The Analgesic Effect of Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai Pharmacopuncture in Sprague-Dawley Rats

  • Lee, Jung Hee;Lee, Yun Kyu;Lee, Hyun-Jong;Kim, Jae Soo
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제38권2호
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    • pp.140-145
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    • 2021
  • Background: Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) has been reported to have analgesic effects. In this study an animal model of pharmacopuncture using ASN (100-500 mg/kg) was examined. Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 40) were randomly assigned to ASN-Low (1 mg/mL, 1.8 mL, ASN-L), ASN-Intermediate (5 mg/mL, 1.8 mL, ASN-M), ASN-High (10 mg/mL, 1.8 mL, ASN-H), negative control (0.2 mL normal saline), and positive control (0.2 mL 0.5% lidocaine) groups. All experiments were administered to the rats' left hind leg. The analgesic response was assessed by monitoring the physical (hot plate, and von Frey test) and chemical (formalin) responses to pain. Results: All ASN pharmacopuncture groups demonstrated significant differences in pain response to the hot plate test, von Frey test, and formalin test, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The response of the ASN-M group and ASN-H groups to the hot plate, the formalin, and the von Frey tests were significantly different, compared to the lidocaine group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: ASN pharmacopuncture had a significant analgesic effect on SD rats in response to physical and chemical models of pain.

Study on engineering properties of xanthan gum reinforced kaolinite

  • Zhanbo Cheng;Xueyu Geng
    • Computers and Concrete
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    • 제31권6호
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    • pp.501-511
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    • 2023
  • The strengthening efficiency of biopolymer treated soil depends on biopolymer type, concentration ratio, soil type, initial water content, curing time and mixing method. In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of xanthan gum (XG) treated kaolinite were investigated through compaction test, Atterberg limit test, triaxial test and unconfined compression test. The results indicated that the optimum water content (OWC) increased from 30.3% of untreated clay to 33.5% of 5% XG treated clay, while the maximum dry density has a slight increase from 13.96 kg/m3 to 14 kg/m3 of 0.2% XG treated clay and decrease to 2.7 kg/m3 of 5% XG treated clay. Meanwhile, the plastic limit of XG treated clay increased with the increase of XG concentration, while 0.5% XG treated clay can be observed the maximum liquid limit with 79.5%. Moreover, there are the ideal water content about 1.3-1.5 times of the optimum water content achieving the maximum dry density and curing time to obtain the maximum compressive strength for different XG contents, which the UCS is 1.52 and 2.07 times of the maximum UCS of untreated soil for 0.5% and 1% XG treated clay, respectively. In addition, hot-dry mixing can achieve highest UCS than other mixing methods (e.g., dry mixing, wet mixing and hot-wet mixing).

BMP(Biochemical Methane Potential) test를 통한 도심하천 퇴적물의 최종메탄발생수율 및 생분해도 산정 (Estimation of Ultimate Methane Yields and Biodegradability from Urban Stream Sediments Using BMP Test)

  • 송재홍;김석구;이준기;고태훈;이태윤
    • 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.33-42
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    • 2010
  • 본 연구는 부산시에 위치한 하천퇴적물에 대한 현재의 오염상태와 혐기성 상태에서의 잠재메탄발생량을 평가하기 위해 실시하였다. 먼저 부산시 하천중 총 5곳을 선정하였고 대상하천의 퇴적물을 채집하였다. 그리고 퇴적물특성을 알아보기 위해 퇴적물의 화학적산소요구량, 강열감량, 총 유기탄소에 대해서 분석을 실시하였고 그 결과 각각 15.20~75.07mg $15.20{\sim}75.07mg\;g^{-1}$, 2.34~11.54%, 1.28~34.21%로 나타났다. 또한 실험실규모의 BMP Test를 실시하였고 그 결과 pH가 약간 증가하다가 약 7.11~7.35에서 평형을 이루었으며, C/N, 최종메탄 및 이산화탄소수율 그리고 생분해도는 각각 1.05~10.27, 10.1~179.4, 10.3~34.4, 4.0~30.1을 나타내었다. 그리고 최종메탄수율과 C/N비, 최종이산화탄소수율, COD, 강열감량, 총유기탄소와의 상관관계를 알아보기 위해 선형모델에 최소자승법을 적용해 평가하였고 그 결과, COD($r^2=0.7586$)와 강열감량($r^2=0.7876$)을 제외한 나머지 모든 항목에서 최종메탄수율과 높은 상관관계를 띔을 알 수 있었다($r^2=0.9795{\sim}0.9858$). 따라서 C/N 또는 TOC 분석결과를 통해 메탄발생수율을 예측 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

A Rapid Diagnostic Test for Toxoplasmosis using Recombinant Antigenic N-terminal Half of SAG1 Linked with Intrinsically Unstructured Domain of GRA2 Protein

  • Song, Kyoung Ju;Yang, Zhaoshou;Chong, Chom-Kyu;Kim, Jin-Soo;Lee, Kyung Chan;Kim, Tong-Soo;Nam, Ho-Woo
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제51권5호
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    • pp.503-510
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    • 2013
  • Toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan parasite with a broad host range of most warm-blooded mammals including humans, of which one-thirds of the human population has been infected worldwide which can cause congenital defects, abortion, and neonatal complications. Here, we developed a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for T. gondii infection. Antigenic N-terminal half of the major surface antigen (SAG1) was linked with intrinsically unstructured domain (IUD) of dense granule protein 2 (GRA2). The recombinant GST-GRA2-SAG1A protein was successfully expressed and purified as 51 kDa of molecular weight. Furthermore, antigenicity and solubility of the rGST-GRA2-SAG1A protein were significantly increased. The overall specificity and sensitivity of GST-GRA2-SAG1A loaded RDT (TgRDT) were estimated as 100% and 97.1% by comparing with ELISA result which uses T. gondii whole cell lysates as the antigen. The TgRDT tested with Uganda people sera for field trial and showed 31.9% of seroprevalence against T. gondii antibody. The TgRDT is proved to be a kit for rapid and easy to use with high accuracy, which would be a suitable serodiagnostic tool for toxoplasmosis.

족근 중족 관절 잠재의 손상에 대한 진단 및 치료 (Diagnosis and Treatment of Occult Lisfranc Injury)

  • 정형진;박재구;감민철
    • 대한족부족관절학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.34-39
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of intraoperative stress test for diagnosis of occult Lisfranc injury. Materials and Methods: Between April 2009 and October 2012, 21 patients with occult Lisfranc injuries underwent intraoperative stress test and internal fixation. There were 11 males and 10 females with an average age of 45.3 years (range, 23~79 years). Injuries were caused by traffic accident in 10 cases, indirect force (twisting injury) in 8 cases, and crush in 2 cases, falling from a height in 1 case. Unstable injuries on stress radiograph in occult injury of Lisfranc joint were treated by open reduction or closed reduction and fixation with cannulated screw or K-wire. Radiological evaluation was assessed according to preoperative and postoperative diastasis between $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ metatarsal base. Results: Assoicated injuries were 9 cases of metatarsal fractures, 6 cases of cuneiform fractures and 6 cases of both metatarsal and cuneiform fractures. Medial and middle column fixation was in 13 cases, and three columns fixation was in 8 cases. Initial diastasis between $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ metatarsal base was 2.8 mm (1.3~4.7 mm) on AP radiograph and postoperative diastasis between $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ metatarsal base was 1.2 mm (0.5~2.4 mm) on AP radiograph. Conclusion: Even there is no sign of clear Lisfranc injury, it is necessary to pay attention and give evaluation on circumstances of occult Lisfranc injuries with metatarsal or cuneiform fractures. Intraoperative stress test is helpful to diagnose an occult Lisfranc injury. For unstable injuries on stress radiographs of occult Lisfranc joint injury, operative treatment with open or closed reduction and internal fixation is useful method.

비닐 하우스용 작업복 개발에 관한 연구 (A Study on Development of Work Wear for the Plastic House Workers)

  • 명지영;심현섭;최정화
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.19-35
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    • 1993
  • This study was designed to devise work wear for plastic house worker. It was carried out (1) research on the clothing actual condition through interviewings with plastic house worker and observations, (2) thermal manikin test to measure thermal resistance of experimental clothes and (3) clothing comparing test in the laboratory and in the plastic house. In the laboratory experiment, it was choosen general type (A) and new devised types (B, C) made of microporous fabric for experimental clothes. Experimental clothes were made of 6 combinations including 3 type work wears (A, B, C) and 2 type underwears (1, 2). In the plastic house experiment, it was choosen general types of A (without rest place) and B (with rest place), and devised type C (with rest place), which was appeared good effect in the laboratory experiment. The results were as followings. 1. Work environment of the plastic house in summer and winter was very different from the outer environment. Work motion in the plastic house was burden to the plastic house workers. 2. Plastic house workers had on the general type's work wear. 3. As a result of thermal manikin test, thermal resistance was appeared B1>B2>C2>C1>A1>A2 in orders. 4. In the laboratory experiment, experimental clothes A was appeared smaller burden than B, C. Effect of mesh underwear was not appeared in this study condition. In subjective sensation, experimental clothes C was lower vote than A. Therefore experimental clothes C was superior to A in subjective wearing sensation. 5. In the plastic house experiment, the experimental conditions with rest place were appeared smaller burden than without rest place. General type B was appeared more positive physiological reactions than devised type C but significances between two types was not appeared.

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핀홀 콜리메이터 초점의 직경 크기 별 성능비교 및 평가 (Performance Evaluation of a Pinhole Collimator According to the Aperture Diameter)

  • 이광훈;안병호;김수영;최성욱
    • 핵의학기술
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.104-109
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    • 2014
  • 핀홀 콜리메이터는 목적 장기 영상의 확대와 고 분해능을 필요로 하는 검사에 사용하며 주로 갑상선 검사와 전신 뼈 검사 시 정적검사에 이용되어 왔다. 현재 임상에 적용할 수 있는 핀홀 콜리메이터 초점 직경은 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm 및 8 mm의 4종류가 있지만 기존 핀홀 콜리메이터 검사는 모든 검사에 있어서 4 mm 직경의 초점만을 이용한 검사를 시행해 왔다. 본 연구에서는 실험을 통한 각각의 초점 직경별 성능을 비교 평가해보고 임상에 적용시킬 수 있도록 알아보고자 하였다. Gamma camera E.CAM을 이용하였으며 핀홀 콜리메이터와 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm의 4가지 초점을 준비하였다. 분해능 실험을 위해 capillary tube를 이용한 선 선원과 micro deluxe phantom을 사용하였으며 선 선원을 이용한 FWHM과 micro deluxe phantom을 이용한 육안 평가를 하였으며 두 가지의 분해능 실험 모두 인위적인 방법을 통한 핀홀 SPECT를 통해 영상을 획득하여 분석하였고 thyroid phantom을 이용하여 5분 시간 설정법과 230 kcounts 계수 설정법에 대한 영상비교와 각 초점별 시간 설정법에 대한 계수치와 계수 설정법에 대한 검사 소요시간을 비교하였으며 thyroid phantom을 만든 후의 일반영상과 24시간 후의 지연영상의 100 kcounts 계수를 획득 후 열소와 주변부의 $150mm^2$ ROI를 설정하여 SNR, uniformity, contrast값을 비교해 보았다. 선 선원을 이용한 FWHM 평가에서는 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm의 각 초점별로 2.2 mm FWHM, 3.2 mm FWHM, 5.4 mm FWHM, 7.5 mm FWHM의 FWHM이 측정되었고 micro deluxe phantom을 이용한 육안평가에서는 초점이 작아질수록 분해능이 점차 향상됨을 알 수 있었다. Thyroid phantom 5분 시간 설정법에 대한 계수치는 각 초점별로 27 kcounts, 96 kcounts, 228 kcounts, 410 kcounts가 획득되었으며 230 kcounts의 계수 설정법에 대한 검사 소요시간은 각 초점별로 39.7분, 11.5분, 5분, 2.7분이 소요되어 초점이 커질수록 감도가 향상 되었다. 일반영상과 지연영상의 SNR 평가에서는 2, 4, 6, 8 mm 각 초점별 값은 일반영상에서 6.55, 8.47, 6.2, 5.23으로 4 mm 초점에서 가장 높은 SNR값이 나타났으며 지연영상에서 5.25, 5.01, 5.38, 5.82로 8 mm 초점에서 가장 높은 SNR값이 나타났다. Uniformity 평가에서는 0.152, 0.118, 0.161, 0.19로 4 mm 초점에서 가장 낮은 uniformity값이 나타났으며 지연영상에서 0.19, 0.199, 0.185, 0.171로 8 mm 초점에서 가장 낮은 uniformity값이 나타났다. Contrast평가에서 일반영상은 1.31, 1.19, 1.15, 1.01로 2 mm 초점에서 가장 높은 contrast값이 나타났으며 지연영상은 1.09, 1.08, 1.04, 1로 2 mm 초점에서 가장 높은 contrast값이 나타났다. 본 연구는 핀홀 콜리메이터의 초점별 성능을 비교해 보고자 하였다. 감도와 분해능은 초점 크기에 따른 영향이 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 2 mm 초점은 고 분해능 영상을 획득할 수 있지만 낮은 감도로 인해 소동물형 검사나 환자의 방사능이 충분할 경우에 유용한 검사가 될 것이다. 6 mm, 8 mm 초점은 분해능 저하는 있지만 높은 감도로 인해 중증환자나 움직임이 많은 소아의 경우 유용하게 사용할 수 있으며 지연 영상 시 큰 초점의 높은 감도와 SNR, uniformity의 장점을 활용한다면 전신 뼈 검사 시 지연된 핀홀 정적검사에 고려해 볼 수 있다.

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간호개념 교육이 학생들의 간호개념형성에 미치는 영향에 대한 실험적 연구 (An Experimental Study on Effects of Education for Nursing Concept to the Nursing Conceptualization for Nursing Students)

  • 이경혜;하영수
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.95-105
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    • 1983
  • The purpose of this study was investigated the effects of education for nursing concept to the nursing students who are not attended to major course of nursing education in nursing college. it is hoped that this education for nursing concept will be contribute to positive nursing conceptualization for nursing students. The data for this study obtained from 118 students in attending college of nursing Ewha womens University(1st year; 62, End year; 56). 1st year students(experimental group) was attended to the education for nursing concept by investigators and 2nd year students(control .group) did not. After then tested to two group: Pre and post test for experimental group and post test only to control group. The results obtained were as follows: 1) In experimental group, pre-test mean score was 116.19(SD 50.46) and post-test mean score was 253.02 (SD 66.56). Therefore post-test mean score was higher than pre-test mean score (p=0.0001). 2) There were different score between the experimental group and control group. Control group was higher(207.58, SD 52.42) than experimental group(116.19, SD 50.46) at the pre-test (p=0.0002), but experimental group(253.02, SD 66.56) was higher than control group. (207 58, SD 52.42) at post-test(p=0.0001). These results implied that early intensive education for nursing concept might have positive effects on nursing conceptualization for nursing students.

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