• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.4-14
• /
• 1974

The total forest land area in Korea accounts for some 67 percent of the nation's land total. Its productivity, however, is very low. Consequently, forest production accounts for only about 2 percent of the gross national product and a minor proportion of no more than about 5 percent versus primary industry. In this case, however, only the direct income from forestry is taken into account, making no reference to the forestry output induced by other industrial sectors. The value added Or the induced forestry output in manufacturing the primary wood products into higher quality products, makes a larger contribution to the economy than direct contribution. So, this author has tried to analyze the structure of forestry and compute the repercussion effect and the induced output of primary forest products when utilized by other industries for their raw materials, Hsing the input-output table and attached tables for 1963 and 1966 issued by the Bank of Korea. 1. Analysis of forestry structure A. Changes in total output Durng the nine-year period, 1961-1969, the real gross national product in Korea increased 2.1 times, while that of primary industries went up about 1. 4 times. Forestry which was valued at 9,380 million won in 1961, was picked up about 2. 1 times to 20, 120 million won in 1969. The rate of the forestry income in the GNP, accordingly, was no more than 1.5 percent both in 1961 and 1962, whereas its rate in primary industries increased 3.5 to 5.4 percent. Such increase in forestry income is attributable to increased forest production and rise in timber prices. The rate of forestry income, nonetheless, was on the decrease on a gradual basis. B. Changes in input coefficient The input coefficient which indicates the inputs of the forest products into other sectors were up in general in 1966 over 1963. It is noted that the input coefficient indicating the amount of forest products supplied to such industries closely related with forestry as lumber and plywood, and wood products and furniture, showed a downward trend for the period 1963-1966. On the other hand, the forest input into other sectors was generally on the increase. Meanwhile, the input coefficient representing the yolume of the forest products supplied to the forestry sector itself showed an upward tendency, which meant more and more decrease in input from other sectors. Generally speaking, in direct proportion to the higher input coefficient in any industrial sector, the reinput coefficient which denotes the use of its products by the same sector becomes higher and higher. C. Changes in ratio of intermediate input The intermediate input ratio showing the dependency on raw materials went up to 15.43 percent m 1966 from 11. 37 percent in 1963. The dependency of forestry on raw materials was no more than 15.43 percent, accounting for a high 83.57 percent of value added. If the intermediate input ratio increases in any given sector, the input coefficient which represents the fe-use of its products by the same sector becomes large. D. Changes in the ratio of intermediate demand The ratio of the intermediate demand represents the characteristics of the intermediary production in each industry, the intermediate demand ratio in forestry which accunted for 69.7 percent in 1963 went up to 75.2 percent in 1966. In other words, forestry is a remarkable industry in that there is characteristics of the intermediary production. E. Changes in import coefficient The import coefficient which denotes the relation between the production activities and imports, recorded at 4.4 percent in 1963, decreased to 2.4 percent in 1966. The ratio of import to total output is not so high. F. Changes in market composition of imported goods One of the major imported goods in the forestry sector is lumber. The import value increased by 60 percent to 667 million won in 1966 from 407 million won in 1963. The sales of imported forest products to two major outlets-lumber and plywood, and wood products and furniture-increased to 343 million won and 31 million won in 1966 from 240million won and 30 million won in 1963 respectively. On the other hand, imported goods valued at 66 million won were sold to the paper products sector in 1963; however, no supply to this sector was recorded in 1963. Besides these major markets, primary industries such as the fishery, coal and agriculture sectors purchase materials from forestry. 2. Analysis of repercussion effect on production The repercussion effect of final demand in any given sector upon the expansion of the production of other sectors was analyzed, using the inverse matrix coefficient tables attached to the the I.O. Table. A. Changes in intra-sector transaction value of inverse matrix coefficient. The intra-sector transaction value of an inverse matrix coefficient represents the extent of an induced increase in the production of self-support products of the same sector, when it is generated directly and indirectly by one unit of final demand in any given sector. The intra-sector transaction value of the forestry sector rose from 1.04 in 1963 to 1, 11 in 1966. It may well be said, therefore, that forestry induces much more self-supporting products in the production of one unit of final demand for forest products. B. Changes in column total of inverse matrix coefficient It should be noted that the column total indicates the degree of effect of the output of the corresponding and related sectors generated by one unit of final demand in each sector. No changes in the column total of the forestry sector were recorded between the 1963 and 1966 figures, both being the same 1. 19. C. Changes in difference between column total and intra-sector transaction amount. The difference between the column total and intra-sector transaction amount by sector reveals the extent of effect of output of related industrial sector induced indirectly by one unit of final demand in corresponding sector. This change in forestry dropped remarkable to 0.08 in 1966 from 0.15 in 1963. Accordingly, the effect of inducement of indirect output of other forestry-related sectors has decreased; this is a really natural phenomenon, as compared with an increasing input coefficient generated by the re-use of forest products by the forestry sector. 3. Induced output of forestry A. Forest products, wood in particular, are supplied to other industries as their raw materials, increasng their value added. In this connection the primary dependency rate on forestry for 1963 and 1966 was compared, i. e., an increase or decrease in each sector, from 7.71 percent in 1963 to 11.91 percent in 1966 in agriculture, 10.32 to 6.11 in fishery, 16.24 to 19.90 in mining, 0.76 to 0.70 in the manufacturing sector and 2.79 to 4.77 percent in the construction sector. Generally speaking, on the average the dependency on forestry during the period 1963-1966 increased from 5.92 percent to 8.03 percent. Accordingly, it may easily be known that the primary forestry output induced by primary and secondary industries increased from 16, 109 million won in 1963 to 48, 842 million won in 1966. B. The forest products are supplied to other industries as their raw materials. The products are processed further into higher quality products. thus indirectly increasing the value of the forest products. The ratio of the increased value added or the secondary dependency on forestry for 1963 and 1966 showed an increase or decrease, from 5.98 percent to 7.87 percent in agriculture, 9.06 to 5.74 in fishery, 13.56 to 15.81 in mining, 0.68 to 0.61 in the manufacturing sector and 2.71 to 4.54 in the construction sector. The average ratio in this connection increased from 4.69 percent to 5.60 percent. In the meantime, the secondary forestry output induced by primary and secondary industries rose from 12,779 million Wall in 1963 to 34,084 million won in 1966. C. The dependency of tertiary industries on forestry showed very minor ratios of 0.46 percent and 0.04 percent in 1963 and 1966 respectively. The forestry output induced by tertiary industry also decreased from 685 million won to 123 million won during the same period. D. Generally speaking, the ratio of dependency on forestry increased from 17.68 percent in 1963 to 24.28 percent in 1966 in primary industries, from 4.69 percent to 5.70 percent in secondary industries, while, as mentioned above, the ratio in the case of tertiary industry decreased from 0.46 to 0.04 percent during the period 1963-66. The mining industry reveals the heaviest rate of dependency on forestry with 29.80 percent in 1963 and 35.71 percent in 1966. As it result, the direct forestry income, valued at 8,172 million won in 1963, shot up to 22,724 million won in 1966. Its composition ratio lo the national income rose from 1.9 percent in 1963 to 2.3 per cent in 1966. If the induced outcome is taken into account, the total forestry production which was estimated at 37,744 million won in 1963 picked up to 105,773 million won in 1966, about 4.5 times its direct income. It is further noted that the ratio of the gross forestry product to the gross national product. rose significantly from 8.8 percent in 1963 to 10.7 percent in 1966. E. In computing the above mentioned ratio not taken into consideration were such intangible, indirect effects as the drought and flood prevention, check of soil run-off, watershed and land conservation, improvement of the people's recreational and emotional living, and maintenance and increase in the national health and sanitation. F. In conclusion, I would like to emphasize that the forestry sector exercices an important effect upon the national economy and that the effect of induced forestry output is greater than its direct income.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.123-154
• /
• 1982

Petrochemical, K-Ar dating, Sand Rb/Sr isotopes, metallogenic zoning, paleomagnetic and geotectonic studies of the Gyongsang basin were carried out to examine applicability of plate tectonics to the post-late Cretaceous igneous activity and metallogeny in the southeastern part of Korean Peninsula. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Bulgugsa granitic rocks range from granite to adamellite, whose Q-Ab-Or triangular diagram indicates that the depth and pressure at which the magma consolidated increase from coast to inland varying from 6 km, 0.5-3.3 kb in the coastal area to 17 km, 0.5-10 kb in the inland area. 2. The volcanic rocks in Gyongsang basin range from andesitic to basaltic rocks, and the basaltic rocks are generally tholeiitic in the coastal area and alkali basalt in the inland area. 3. The volcanic rocks of the area have the initial ratio of Sr^{87}/Sr^{86} varying from 0.706 to 0.707 which suggests a continental origin; the ratio of Rb/Sr changing from 0.079-0.157 in the coastal area to 0.021-0.034 in the inland area suggests that the volcanism is getting younger toward coastal side, which may indicate a retreat in stage of differentiation if they were derived from a same magma. The K_2O/SiO_2 (60%) increases from about 1.0 in the coastal area to about 3.0 in the inland area, which may suggest an increase indepth of the Benioff zone, if existed, toward inland side. 4. The K-Ar ages of volcanic rocks were measured to be 79.4 m.y. near Daegu, and 61.7 m.y. near Busan indicating a southeastward decrease in age. The ages of plutonic rocks also decrease toward the same direction with 73 m.y. near Daegu, and 58 m.y. near Busan, so that the volcanism predated the plutonism by 6 m.y. in the continental interior and 4 m.y. along the coast. Such igneous activities provide a positive evidence for an applicability of plate tectonics to this area. 5. Sulfur isotope analyses of sulfide minerals from 8 mines revealed that these deposits were genetically connected with the spacially associated ingeous rocks showing relatively narrow range of ${\delta}^{34}S$ values (-0.9‰ to +7.5‰ except for +13.3 from Mulgum Mine). A sequence of metallogenic zones from the coast to the inland is delineated to be in the order of Fe-Cu zone, Cu-Pb-Zn zone, and W-Mo zone. A few porphyry type copper deposits are found in the Fe-Cu zone. These two facts enable the sequence to be comparable with that of Andean type in South America. 6. The VGP's of Cretaceous and post Cretaceous rocks from Korea are located near the ones($71^{\circ}N$, $180^{\circ}E$ and $90^{\circ}N$, $110^{\circ}E$) obtained from continents of northern hemisphere. This suggests that the Korean peninsula has been stable tectonically since Cretaceous, belonging to the Eurasian continent. 7. Different polar wandering path between Korean peninsula and Japanese islands delineates that there has been some relative movement between them. 8. The variational feature of declination of NRM toward northwestern inland side from southeastern extremity of Korean peninsula suggests that the age of rocks becomes older toward inland side. 9. The geological structure(mainly faults) and trends of lineaments interpreted from the Landsat imagery reveal that NNE-, NWW- and NEE-trends are predominant in the decreasing order of intensity. 10. The NNE-trending structures were originated by tensional and/or compressional forces, the directions of which were parallel and perpendicular respectively to the subduction boundary of the Kula plate during about 90 m.y. B.P. The NWW-trending structures were originated as shear fractures by the same compressional forces. The NEE-trending structures are considered to be priginated as tension fractures parallel to the subduction boundary of the Kula plate during about 70 m.y. B.P. when Japanese islands had drifted toward southeast leaving the Sea of Japan behind. It was clearly demonstrated by many authors that the drifting of Japanese islands was accompanied with a rotational movement of a clock-wise direction, so that it is inferred that subduction boundary had changed from NNE- to NEE-direction. A number of facts and features mentioned above provide a suite of positive evidences enabling application of plate tectonics to the late Cretaceous-early Tertiary igneous activity and metallogeny in the area. Synthesizing these facts, an arc-trench system of continental margin-type is adopted by reconstructing paleogeographic models for the evolution of Korean peninsula and Japan islands. The models involve an extention mechanism behind the are(proto-Japan), by which proto-Japan as of northeastern continuation of Gyongsang zone has been drifted rotationally toward southeast. The zone of igneous activity has also been migrated from the inland in late-Cretaceous to the peninsula margin and southwestern Japan in Tertiary.

• 암석학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.235-254
• /
• 2017

이 연구는 주왕산국립공원 및 주변에서 지질과 지형경관이 형성되는 지질과정을 엮은 것이다. 주왕산 지역은 선캠브리아누대 편마암류, 고생대 변성퇴적암류, 중생대 트라이아스기 심성암류, 백악기 퇴적암류, 심성암류와 화산암류, 그리고 신생대 제3기 화산암류와 제4기 애추로 구성되어 있다. 영남육괴의 선캠브리아 누대 편마암류와 고생대 변성퇴적암류는 포획체 혹은 현수체로 산출된다. 고생대 페름기부터 중생대 트라이아스기에는 북동부와 서부에 송림조산운동으로 대륙충돌 직전에 섭입환경에서 형성되는 마그마의 관입에 의해 영덕심성암체와 청송심성암체를 형성하였다. 청송심성암체는 후기의 화강섬록암의 관입으로 정편마암으로 변성되어 심성암복합체를 이루었으며, 구상 화강암과 약수탕의 지질명소를 가진다. 중생대 백악기에는 동아시아 대륙 밑으로 이자나기판의 섭입작용에 의해 한반도 남동부에 경상분지와 대륙성 화산호가 만들어졌다. 이 지역에서 영양소분지와 의성소분지가 분리되어 발달하면서 동화치층/후평동층, 가송동층/점곡층, 도계동층/사곡층 순으로 퇴적되었다. 도계동층 상부에는 대전사현무암이 주왕산 입구에 협재되어 있다. 백악기 후엽 75~77 Ma에는 남서부에서 심성작용이 일어나 부남암주를 형성하였다. 이때 규장질 마그마에 고철질 마그마가 혼합함으로 다양한 암상을 만들었다. 그리고 백악기 끝날 무렵(67 Ma)에는 안산암질 및 유문암질 마그마에 의해 여러 곳에서 화산작용이 일어나 주왕산의 몸체를 만들었다. 먼저 달산면으로부터 입봉안산암이 정치되었고, 지품면에서 지품화산암층, 청하면으로부터 내연산응회암, 달산면으로부터 주왕산응회암과 너구동층, 청하면으로부터 무포산응회암 순으로 형성되었다. 특히 주왕산응회암은 치밀용결대에서 냉각에 따른 수직절리에 의해 주상절리, 수많은 암석단애, 협곡, 동굴과 폭포 등의 많은 지질명소를 가진다. 신생대 제3기에는 여러 곳에서 유문암의 관입에 의해 병반, 암주와 암맥을 이룬다. 특히 북부에서 청송암맥군이 방사상으로 관입하고 있으며, 다양한 패턴의 꽃무늬를 갖는 구과상 유문암맥이 가치있는 지질명소를 이룬다. 제4기에는 애추가 중태산 병반과 무포산응회암의 급경사 아래에 형성되어 있다.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 1973

일련의 염화알킬(염화메틸, 에틸, 이소-프로필, 트란스 n-부틸, sec-부틸, tert-부틸)의 바닥 상태 전자구조와 친핵성 치환반응성을 근사적 시그마 분자궤도법$(\sigma-MO)$인 EHT 와 CNDO/2 법을 이용하여 비교 검토하였다. 염화알킬처럼 상호 구조적 차이가 현저하지 못한 경우에 있어서는 EHT법이 CNDO/2 법에 비하여 비교적 부정확함을 알았다. CNDO/2 계산에 의하면, 쌍극자모멘트의 계산치가 실험치 보다 약간 크게 주어지며 대체로 primary$\alpha$탄소와 Cl사이에 비교적 약한 $\pi$-반결합 $({\pi}^{\ast})$성을 가지고 있으며, 전자밀도가 거의 염소원자에 집중되어 있어 염소의 p-고립상 전자와 같은 특성을 가지고 있음을 알았다. 그 반면 최저 비점유 궤도함수(LUMO)는$\alpha$탄소와 염소 사이에 강한 시그마-반결합$({\alpha}^{\ast})$성을 가짐을 알았다. 염화알킬의 $S_N2$반응성은 주로 $\alpha$인 LUMO에의하여 좌우되며, 특히 이 MO에서 $\alpha$탄소와 염소간의 반결합 세기가 $S_N2$반응성의 척도가 될 것으로 예측되며, 결합-polorizability와의 관련성도 논의하였다. 염화알킬의 $S_N2$반응성은 주로 ${\pi}^{\ast}$인 HOMO에서 $\alpha$탄소와 염소간의 반결합 세기가 큰 역할을 하며 바닥상태의 C-Cl결합세기도 상당한 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.468-472
• /
• 2013

국화는 한국을 비롯한 여러나라에서 중요한 화훼작물이며 국화흰녹병은 절대기생성 진균인 Puccinia horiana에 의하여 유발되는 병으로 국화에 가장 심한 피해를 초래하는 병해 중의 하나이다. 이 병의 방제는 주로 약제 방제에 의존하고 있는데 국내에서는 26개 농약품목이 등록되어 있으며 그 중 10개 품목의 주성분은 트리아졸계 화합물이다. 트리아졸 화합물에 대한 약물표적의 유전자 존재를 확인하고 그 정보를 얻기 위하여 국화흰녹병균 유전체 염기서열 분석의 중간결과로서 병원균의 세포막 구성의 중요성분인 에르고스테롤 생합성에 관여하며 트리아졸계 화합물의 표적이 되는 sterol 14-demethylase 유전자의 염기서열을 확인하고 그 아미노산 서열과 삼차구조를 예측하였다. 이 단백질은 Puccinia속내에서는 84% 이상의 상동성을 보였으나 다른 속에서는 68% 이하의 상동성을 보였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.285-295
• /
• 1990

The utilization of medical care services has been partly regionalized with the implementation of referral requirement by the government since July 1, 1989 when the health insurance coverage was extended to all the people. For the purpose of regionalization, the whole country has been primarily divided into tertiary care regions, and each of them again into secondary care regions. This study investigates the self-sufficiency for in-patient care services of secondary care regions focusing on why it varies among the regions. In doing so, analysis is performed to examine a model which embodies three sets of hypotheses as follows : 1) The regional self-sufficiency for medical care services would be subject to direct influences of regional characteristics, amount of available services and structural properties of regional medical care system ; 2) The regional characteristics would have indirect effects on the self-sufficiency which are mediated by medical care services ; and 3) The amount of available services would indirectly affect the self-sufficiency by influencing the structure of regional medical care system. The results of analysis were generally consistent with the model. The findings have some practical implications. The regional self-sufficiency for medical care services partly depends upon basic properties of each region which cannot be changed in a short period of time. Thus the self-sufficiency for medical care services can be improved mainly by health policy measures. In some of the regions the self-sufficiency for in-patient care services was much higher or lower than can be predicted from the bed-population ratio. Indication is that the allocation of health resources should be made considering a variety of factors bearing upon the supply of and demand for health care ; not on the basis of just a single criterion like the availability. The self-sufficiency of a certain region is related to not only its own characterstics but also the characteristics of neighboring regions. Therefore, attention should be also directed to the inter-regional relationships in health care when the needs for investment of health resources in a region are assessed. However, it should be noted that this study used the data collected before the referral requirement was imposed. A replication of this analysis using recent data would provide an evaluation of the impact on the self-sufficiency of the referral requirement as well as a confirmation of the findings of this study.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 2001

Transcriptional activation domains are known to be inherently "unstructured" with no tertiary structure. A recent NMR study, however, has shown that the transactivation domain in human p53 is populated with an amphipathic helix and two nascent turns. This suggests that the presence of such local secondary structures within the overall "unstructured" structural framework is a general feature of acidic transactivation domains. These pre-existing local structures in p53, formed selectively by positional conserved hydrophobic residues that are known to be critical for transcriptional activity, thus appear to constitute the specific structural motifs that regulate recognition of the p53 transactivation domain by target proteins. Here, we report the results of a NMR structural comparison between the native human p53 transactivation domain and an inactive mutant (22L,23W$\rightarrow$22R,23S). Results show that the mutant has an identical overall structural topology as the native protein, to the extent that the amphipathic helix formed by the residues 18T 26L within the native p53 transactivating domain is preserved in the double mutant. Therefore, the lack of transcriptional activity in the double mutant should be ascribed to the disruption of the essential hydrophobic contacts between the p53 transactivation domain and target proteins due to the (22L,23W$\rightarrow$22R,23S) mutation.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제45권4호
• /
• pp.465-476
• /
• 2012

아나톨리아 반도는 북쪽의 폰타이드 지판, 남쪽의 아나톨리드-토우리드 지판 및 남동쪽의 아라비안 석회암 대지를 포함하는 몇 개의 대륙 조각들로 구성되어 있다. 이러한 대륙 조각들은 제 3기 말에 하나의 대륙으로 병합되었으나 현생 이언 동안에는 고테티스해와 신테티스해와 같은 고해양에 의해 분리되어 있었다. 북쪽에 위치하는 폰타이드 지판은 고생대 동안에 바리스칸 조산운동과 중생대 동안의 키메리안 조산운동을 받은 증거들을 보존하고 있으며 비교적 약한 알파인 조산운동의 영향을 받는 등 라우라시아 대륙과 비슷한 지체구조 발달사를 보인다. 폰타이드 지판은 스트랜드자대, 이스탄불대, 사카라야대로 세분되며 이들은 백악기 중기에 하나의 지판으로 병합되었다. 남쪽에 위치하는 아나톨리드-토우리드 지판은 삼첩기에 곤드와나 대륙으로부터 분리되어 중생대 동안에 광역적인 탄산염 대지로 존재하는 등 곤드와나 대륙과 비슷한 지체구조 발달사를 보인다. 아나톨리드-토우리드 지판은 알파인 조산운동 시기에 의해 심하게 변형되었고 부분적으로 변성작용을 받아 변형과 변성의 시기와 형태를 기준으로 세분될 수 있다. 남동쪽에 위치하는 아라비안 석회암 대지는 아라비아 판의 북쪽 연장으로 고생대 동안에는 탄산염암이, 중생대 동안에는 쇄설성 퇴적암이 우세한 아나톨리드-토우리드 지판과 비슷한 층서를 보인다. 이러한 지판들이 마지막으로 합병된 이후 올리고세와 마이오세 동안에는 새로운 구조운동의 시기가 있었다. 이러한 신기구조운동은 주향이동성 단층작용과 확장, 육성 퇴적작용, 광역적인 칼크-알카리 계열의 화성작용 등으로 특징지어 지며 이러한 신기 구조운동은 아나톨리아 반도의 오늘날의 지형을 형성하는데 매우 중요한 역할을 하였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.305-310
• /
• 2003

Hydrophobic core가 변이된 유비퀴틴 단백질이 pH 2 용액에서 보이는 구조적인 특성을 여러 분광학적 방법으로 측정하였다. 낮은 pH값을 갖는 용액에서 이 변이 유비퀴틴의 intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence emission spectrum은 unfolded 상태보다 약간 blue shift되어 있고 또한 그 intensity도 상당히 낮게 나타났다. 이는 이 용액 조건에서 이 변이 유비퀴틴의 삼차구조가 약간 남아 있는 것을 의미한다. 같은 용액에서 이 변이 유비쥐틴의 far-UV circular dichroic spectrum은 native 상태나 unfolded 상태의 spectrum과 현저히 달랐으며 220 nm 에서의 molar ellipticity 값을 통하여 볼 때 pH 2인 용액에서 상당량의 이차구조를 지니고 있었다. 또한 같은 용액에서 이 변이 유비퀴틴은 hydrophobic dye인 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid(ANS)외 fluorescence emission intensity를 증가시키고 fluorescence emission maximum이 짧은 파장에서 나타나게 하였다(blue shift). 이러한 현상은 pH 2 용액에서 이 변이 유비퀴틴의 hydrophobic core가 느슨하여져서 hydrophobic dye인 ANS가 결합할 수 있는 구조를 띠고 있음을 나타낸다. 이러한 분광학적인 관찰은 이 변이 유비귀틴이 pH 2인 용액에서 상당량의 이차구조를 지니고 있지만 hydrophobic core는 느슨하게 형성된 molten globule과 같은 형태를 지니고 있음을 나타낸다. 이 변이 유비퀴틴의 molten 히obule 형태는 단백질 폴딩 반응의 경로를 연구할 수 있는 좋은 모델이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.96-102
• /
• 2013

Obesity, an intractable metabolic disease, currently has no medical treatment without side effects, so studies have been actively carried out to find natural compounds that have anti-obesity activity with minimum side effects. In this study, the anti-obesity effects of water extracts of seven Capsicum annuum L. varieties being Putgochu (Pca), Oyee gochu (Oca), Kwari putgochu (Kca), Green pepper (Gca), Yellow paprika (Yca), Red paprika (Rca) and Cheongyang gochu (Cca), were examined through the evaluation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA expression level in 3T3-L1 cells (mouse pre-adipocytes). After capsaicin elimination by chloroform defatting, freeze-dried powder of Cca was treated to 3T3-L1 cells and anti-obesity effects were examined by determining the LPL mRNA level using the RT-PCR method. Of the primary fractions, only proven fractions underwent secondary and tertiary refractionating to determine anti-obesity effects. From seven different Capsicum annuum L., there was a significant decrease of the LPL mRNA expression level of 50.9% in Cca treatment compared to the control group. A significant decrease of the LPL mRNA expression level was shown in primary fractions (Fr) 5 (36.2% decrease) and 6 (30.5% decrease) of the Cca water extracts. Due to the impurities checked by UPLC chromatography, Fr 5 and 6 were refractionated to determine the LPL mRNA expression level. Treatment of Fr 6-6 (35.8% decrease) and Fr 5-6 (35.3% decrease) showed a significant decrease in the LPL mRNA expression level. When analyzed using UPLC, major compounds of Fr 6-6 and Fr 5-6 were very similar. Subsequently, we refractionated Fr 6-6 and Fr 5-6 to isolate the major peak for structure elucidation. Treatment of Fr 5-6-1 (26.6% decrease) and Fr 6-6-1 (29.7% decrease) showed a significant decrease in the LPL mRNA expression level. Consequently, the fractions may have a possibility to ameliorate obesity through the decrease of the LPL mRNA expression level.