• 임상간호연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.161-172
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was to classify patient severity score for hemodialysis patients. Method: The subject of this study was 1,575 patients. To study the severity of the patients, we used t-test and ANOVA. The congruity was measured by Kappa coefficient and the severity in each medical facility was analyzed by ANOVA. Result: The results showed that there was a significant difference according to the levels of medical center (F=171.187, p<.0001). Categorizing the severity of the patients in each medical facility, group II and III of the secondary medical institution had higher ratio than the primary medical institution. There was not a single patient coming under group IV in both of the primary or secondary medical institutions. However, the tertiary medical institutions had more subjects in group II and III than the primary and secondary medical institutions. The group IV with the highest severity had 11 patients(1.5%), demonstrating that the tertiary medical institution had higher severity patients than the primary or secondary medical institutions. Conclusion: The results of this study appropriately reflects the repayment system of medical expenses by the government. Also, it provides the fundamental information to develop nursing fee system taken into account of the systemic differences among the primary, secondary and tertiary medical institutions.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.167-175
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• 2008

Purpose: To examine the changes in nurse staffing in hospitals after implementing the policy of differentiating inpatient nursing fees by staffing grades. Method: The study sample included 43 tertiary hospitals, 185 general hospitals, and 282 non-general hospitals that were operating in both 1999 and 2008. Nurse staffing grade was categorized from Grade 1 (highest) to 6 (lowest) in 1999 or Grade 7 in 2008, based on the nurse-to-bed ratio. Results: Tertiary hospitals at Grade 3 and Grade 4 accounted for 49% and 35%, respectively, in 2008, whereas 63% were Grade 6 in 1999. General hospitals at Grade 6 decreased from 87% to 48%. In non-general hospitals, little change was found in the staffing distribution, in that 92% still remained in Grade 6 or 7 in 2008. Forty tertiary hospitals (93%) and 45% of general hospitals improved their staffing grades, while only 7% of non-general hospitals did. Greater likelihood of improvement in staffing grades was found in general hospitals located in metropolitan areas or having 250 or more beds. Conclusion: Elaboration of the financial incentive system is needed to increase the policy impact on staffing improvement.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.674-685
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• 1999

MIDAS-II는 한국전자통신연구원에서 개발한 바다 DBMS의 저장 시스템이다. MIDAS-II 볼륨은 데이터의 논리적 저장 단위인 파일을 저장하는 영역을 가리킨다. 본 논문에서는, MIDAS-II가 대용량 멀티미디어 데이터 서버의 저장 시스템으로 기능하도록 광 디스크 쥬크박스 또는 테이프 라이브러리와 같이 복수 개의 저장 매체 (platter , 예를 들어 디스크 또는 카트리지 테이프)로 구성된 Tera 바이트 급의 3창 저장 장치를 장착할 경우 이를 위한 볼륨 구조의 설계 및 구현에 대해 기술한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 볼륨 구조는 3차 저장 장치 접근 시 성능 제고를 위하여 디스크 캐쉬 영역을 두고 있으며, 3차 저장 장치의 저장 매체별 관리 기능을 제공한다. Abstract MIDAS-II is the storage systemfor BADA DBMS developed at ETRI. A volume of MIDAS-II is the area where the files, the logical unit for storing data, are stored. This paaper describes the design and implementation of a new MIDAS-II volume structure for the tertiary storage device such as an optical disk juke box or a tape library equipped with multiple platters(disks or cartridge tapes, for example ). Incorporating thetertirary storage device of the order of tera bytes into MIDAS-II enables it to function as a storage system for a massive amount fo multimedia eata server. The volume structure for the tertiary storage device proposed in this paper features disk caching for performing improvement and direct control of theindividual platter.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.642-649
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• 2007

The effectiveness of add-on tertiary treatment processes for the polishing of the effluent of a biological nutrient removal (BNR) system from a modified $A^2/O$ process has been examined under the field condition with pilot-scale plants. The add-on treatment processes of 1) combined biofilm anoxic reactor and sand filtration, and 2) two-stage denitrification filter had been operated with various operating conditions. The experimental results indicated that two-stage denitrification filter could produced a better polished tertiary effluent. Filtration rate of $150m^3/m^2{\cdot}d$ for the 2-stage denitrifying filter could decrease the nitrate removal probably due to shorter detention time that caused insufficient reaction for denitrification. Two stage denitrification filter operated with M/N ratio of 3.0 and filtration rate of $100m^3/m^2{\cdot}d$ produced the tertiary effluent with nitrate and SS concentraitons of 2.8 mg/L and 2.3 mg/L, respectively. When the operating temperature reduced $30^{\circ}C$ to $18^{\circ}C$, $NO_3{^-}-N$ removal efficiency decreased from 73% to 68%.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.229-240
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• 2017

Background: This study purposed to analyze the spatial accessibility of women in childbearing age to the healthcare organizations (HCOs) providing delivery services in Gangwon-do. Methods: Network analysis was applied to assess the spatial accessibility based on the travel time and road travel distance. Travel time and travel distance were measured between the location of HCOs and the centroid of the smallest administrative areas, eup, myeon, and dong in Gangwon-do. Korean Transport Database Center provided road network GIS (Geographic Information System) Database in 2015 and it was used to build the network dataset. Two types of network analysis, service area analysis and origin-destination (OD)-cost matrix analysis, applied to the created network dataset. Service area analysis defined all-accessible areas that are within a specified time, and OD-cost matrix analysis measured the least-cost paths from the HCOs to the centroids. The visualization of the number of the HCOs and the number of women in childbearing age on the Ganwon-do map and network analysis were performed with ArcGIS ver. 10.0 (ESRI, Redlands, CA, USA). Results: Twenty HCOs were providing delivery services in Gangwon-do in 2016. Over 50% of the women in childbearing age were aged more than 35 years. Service area analysis found that 89.56% of Gangwon-do area took less than 60 minutes to reach any types of HCOs. For tertiary hospitals, about 74.37% of Gangwon-do area took more than 60 minutes. Except Wonju-si and Hoengseong-gun, other regions took more than 60 minutes to reach the tertiary hospital. Especially, Goseong-gun, Donghae-si, Samcheok-si, Sokcho-si, Yanggu-gun, Cheorwon-gun, and Taebaek-si took more than 100 minutes to the tertiary hospital. Conclusion: This study provided that the accessibility toward the tertiary hospital was limited and it may cause problems in high-risk delivery patients such as over 35 years. Health policy makers will need to handle the obstetric accessibility issues in Gangwon-do.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was aimed to examine changes of hospital nurse staffing by hospital characteristics during 2008-2010. Methods: The study sample included 44 tertiary hospitals, 226 general hospitals, and 532 non-general hospitals that were operating during 2008-2010. Grade of nursing management fee was categorized from Grade 1(highest) to 6 (lowest) in tertiary hospitals, l or Grade 7 in general hospitals and non-general hospitals based on the nurse-to-bed ratio. For data analysis, ${\chi}^2$ and GEE were conducted. Results: For three years, the number of tertiary hospitals below Grade 2 were increased from 8 to 12, the number of those above Grade 4 were decreased from 15 to 6. The number of general hospitals above Grade 6 decreased from 123 to 86. Tertiary hospitals and general hospitals had more possibilities to improve nurse staffing grade than general hospital (OR 79.69, 95% CI 50.77~125.09, OR 11.25, 95% CI 8.15~15.53, respectively). Greater likelihood of improvement in grade of nursing management fee was found in university hospital or hospitals with 300 or more beds than other types of hospitals. Conclusion: Differentiating nurse staffing system by hospital type and increasing financial incentives according to the grades are needed to improve hospital nurse staffing.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.141-152
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• 2015

Our agriculture and rural villages have faced negative conditions in many reasons. To overcome this situation, a new change is needed by the 6th industrialization. Many agriculture and rural villages in Korea are pursuing the 6th industrialization through the convergence of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries to vitalize agriculture and rural villages. But there are several problems with the 6th industrialization. There is a limit to the capacity building of the members of the rural organization and Korean agricultural base primary, secondary, and tertiary industries are weak all. In addition, it has been insufficient research for value chain management of the region as a whole; there has been no study of information sharing across the region for the 6th industrialization. This study is about value chain management model for successful the 6th industry with Quick Response System and the big data technology. In this study to provide the efficiency of 6th industry value chain management with customer's needs analysis using big data and research for the information share between the industries in the region through the information pipeline theory of the QR System. We hope that our study is helped to proceed successfully on the 6th industrialization in Korea.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find the relationship between Michell Foucault's the primary, secondary, and tertiary spatialization of disease and spatial composition for the development of architectural planning of the healthcare architecture. Methods: Literature review of spatialization of disease and comparison between medical and dental disease have been conducted. The synchronic structure and diachronic change of spatialization process have been analyzed through spatial composition and history of Seoul National University, School of Dentistry and Dental Hospital. Results: The result of this study can be summed up in three points. First of all, spatialization of dental disease is similar to that of medicine but it should be more focused on the tertiary spatialization. The second one is that the process of spatialization of dental disease started the secondary spatialization first and the primary spatialization followed after a short interval and spatial composition has been followed the process of spatialization of dental disease in Korea. The third one is that the tertiary spatialization has not been actively gone along until recently and it has to be developed in near future. Implications: It is necessary to analyze spatialization of dental disease in other dental facilities to develop the relationship between spatial composition and program in healthcare system.

• 공업화학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.121-126
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• 1994

초산의 반응추출에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 추출제로 2급과 3급 아민 및 용매화 추출제, 용매로 n-butylacetate, modifier로 4-nonylphenol, TBP 및 isodecanol을 이용하였다. 그외에 수용액상의 pH와 온도의 영향을 연구하였다. 실험결과 초산의 추출에서 3급 아민인 tril-n-octyl과 tri-n-decylamine의 50% 혼합 추출제인 MODA가 추출도 및 선택도에서 가장 좋았다. Modifier로서는 4-nonylphenol이 우수하였다. 이외에도 수용액의 pH와 추출계의 온도가 낮을수록 추출도가 높았다.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표논문집 Vol.27 No.1 (B)
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• pp.196-198
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• 2000

멀티미디어 데이터베이스 응용에서 대용량 데이터의 저장 및 검색을 위해 디스크에 비해 성능은 떨어지지만 가격이 싼 3차 저장장치의 도입이 요청되고 있다. MIDAS-III(Multi-user Index-based Data Access System III)는 한국전자통신연구원에서 개발한 바다 DBMS의 저장 시스템이다. MIDAS-III는 대용량 데이터의 효율적인 저장 및 검색이 가능하도록 광 디스크 쥬크박스 또는 테이프 라이브러리와 같은 3차 저장장치를 부착하여 MIDAS-III/TS(Tertiary Storage)로 확장되었다. 본 논문에서는 MIDAS-III/TS에 장착된 3차 저장장치를 효율적으로 관리하는데 필요한 유틸리티 개발에 대해 기술한다.