• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2010년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.57-58
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• 2010

본 논문은 자동화 컨테이너 터미널에서 하역작업을 수행하는 ATC의 독립성 유지를 위한 운영시스템을 제안한다. 기존 컨테이너 터미널에서 사용하는 운영시스템(TOS : Terminal Operation System)에는 이를 위한 많은 지능형 알고리즘이 개발되어 있고 이에 대한 연구도 활발히 이루어져 왔다. 이에 따라 TOS의 규모가 방대해짐에 따라 개발 및 유지 보수에 막대한 시간과 인력이 소요된다. 또한 새로운 장비가 도입되거나 새로운 알고리즘이 도입될 경우 TOS전체를 수정해야 하는 경우도 발생할 수 있다. 이에 따라 장비와 TOS를 보다 유동적이며 대체가 용이하도록 연결하기 위한 개념이 필요하나 이에 대한 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 기존 컨테이너 터미널 운영시스템에 독립적으로 계획, 통제, 지시, 모니터링과 같은 여러 기능을 수행하는 시스템을 설계하도록 한다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.285-291
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• 2004

The productivity of container terminal is determined by its various operation methods. This paper aims at finding out the factors to enhance the productivity of container handling of quay crane, using simulation technique. Three levels of decision making in terminal operation, strategy, and tactics and operation are selected for defining parameters of simulation The result of the simulation and test shows that the significant factors to improve the productivity are the stack height of container, block dispersion and the distance in yard planning for shipment. Decision making in the operation level, however, is of significance in the mixed condition of strategic and tactical level. The result shows meaningful guidelines in decision making under strategic, tactical and operation level.

• 산업공학
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2004

The main subject to become a hub port is automation. The automated container terminal has already operated in advanced ports and it has been planned for the basic planning and operation design in domestic case. The key of automated container terminal is effective operation of both ATC(automated transfer crane) and AGV(automated guided vehicle) which is automated handling equipments. This is essential to productivity of automated container terminal. This study suggests the most optimal method of equipment operation in order to minimize loading time using each three types of effective ATC operation methods and AGV dispatching rules in automated container terminals. As the automated equipment operation causes unexpected deadlocks or interferences, it should be proceeded on event-based real time. Therefore we propose the most effective ATC operation methods and AGV dispatching rules in this paper. The various states occurred in real automated container terminals are simulated to evaluate these methods. This experiment will show the most robust automated equipment operation method on various parameters(the degree of yard re-marshaling, the number of containers and AGV)

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.605-611
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• 2007

In order to become a mega hub port, major ports all over the world are making every effort to enhance their productivity through efficiency of internal operation. Accordingly, in order to enhance the competitiveness of a container terminal, an automated container terminal is considered as the best alternative. An automated container terminal is using such automated handling equipment as AGV(Automated Guided Vehicles) and ATC(Automated Transfer Crane). The efficient equipment operation plays a critical role in enhancing the productivity of an automated container terminal. In an automated container terminal, the most important equipments are AGV and ATC. Each block of containers with a vertical layout is generally operating two ATCs. The two ATCs can be crossed or not at each block. In the case of operating crossover ATC, it has an advantage of high flexibility that ATC work is possible at both TP(Transfer Point) of each block. But it has also a disadvantage that the yard has to be operated at a low storage level of containers in the terminal yard. Recently, for automated container terminals, which are being prepared for opening in Korea, they plan to use uncrossed twin ATC in order to make the storage level of their yards high at a low cost. Therefore, studies have to be made in order to increase the efficiency of twin ATC system based on the flexibility that the crossover ATC system has. This research aims to suggest an operation strategy to improve efficiency of twin ATC at each storage block in a yard.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 1998년도 추계학술대회논문집:21세기에 대비한 지능형 통합항만관리
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• pp.241-253
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• 1998

By the rapid expansion of containerization and intermodel transportation in international shipping since the 1970's, the larger containerships have emerged and concentrated their calls at a limitted number of ports. Moreover, large-scale container terminals have been built to accommodate the ever-larger containerships, and the mordernization of terminal facilities and many developments in information technology etc. have been brought out. Thus, unlimited competition has been imposed on every terminal with neighbouring ports in Japan, Singapore, Hongkong and Taiwan etc. The purpose of this study is invested to suggest how the container terminal operators cope with unlimited competition between local or foreign terminals. The results are suggested as follows : First, transshipment cargoes, which the added value is high, is to be induced. Second, the function of storage is given on On-Dock Yard. Third. Berth Pool Operation System is introduced, especially in Gamman Container Terminal and Kwangyang Container Terminal. Fourth, the cargo handling charges is decided by terminal operator.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.589-596
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• 2011

Terminal market has rapidly crashed and market rates have taken a sharp plunge. The substantial throughput decrease resulted from the world economic downturn has been a finishing blow to the terminal operators in Busan. Every terminal operator is taking cost saving as its first priority and accelerating structural reform and downsizing. Under the desperate situation, the need of effective cost analysis would be highly required to effectively control operation cost and to develop new services to satisfy the different needs of the customers. Furthermore, terminal operators could reduce unnecessary activities and concentrate their resource on the more cost-effective process through the operation cost analysis. In order to suggest a new framework of the cost control of container terminals, this paper seeks to analyze terminal costs based on ABC approach by processing actual data.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.346-354
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• 2007

Recently, the efficient planning and operations of container terminals have become essential problems to develop the evaluation method with operational rules. Container terminals are required to have enough berths and container yards as well as various equipments and facilities, but in reality there are many differences in their resources owing to the circumstances of each terminal. This study introduces a simulation model for evaluating various operation rules for improving the performance of transshipment container terminal operations. This model can analysis various factors (throughputs, utilizations etc) and shows operational alternative considering design factors of transshipment container terminal with the related circumstances.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.393-397
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• 2004

대규모의 시스템은 운영상 복잡성을 심화시키고, 하위 시스템간의 간섭도를 증가시킨다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제의 해결방안으로 떠오르고 있는 자율 분산형 시스템을 컨테이너 터미널이라는 대규모 시스템에 적용하였다. 컨테이너 터미널의 운영체계를 이해하고 이에 적절한 자율 분산형 시스템을 제안하였다. 또한 현재의 컨테이너 터미널 운영체제의 문제점을 도출해내고, 이에 대한 해결책을 자율분산형 시스템에서 찾아내었다. 마지막으로, 제안된 자율 분산형 컨테이너 터미널 시스템 각각의 서브시스템 기능을 정의하고, 이 시스템에서의 운영방안을 장비들의 작업계획에 중점을 두고 흐름도로 나타내었다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.737-742
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• 2008

In this paper, we deal with an allocation model of vertical type container yard for minimizing the total ATC (Automated Transfer Crane) working time and the equivalence of ATC working load in each block on automated container terminal. Firstly, a layout of automated container terminal yard is shown The characteristic of equipment which work in the terminal and its basic assumption are given Next, an allocation model which concerns with minimizing the total working time and the equivalence of working load is proposed for effectiveness of ATC working in automated container terminal. Also, a weight values on critical function are suggested to adjust the critical values by evaluating the obtained allocation plan. For ATC allocation algorithm, we suggest a simple repeat algorithm for on-line terminal operation.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 1998년도 추계학술대회논문집:21세기에 대비한 지능형 통합항만관리
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• pp.125-135
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• 1998

This paper aims to propose a design for simulation systems for container terminal operation evaluation. The systems cover both terminal design simulation for medium and long tern decision making and terminal operations simulation for day to day decision making. And both systems include the container terminal operation components, quay, yard and gate operations. For the flexible and efficient application of the systems, we designed the systems with three modules such as "Define Module"."Simulation Module" and "Animation Module". "Animation Module".ule&".ot;.