• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.228-244
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• 2008

ISO9000 set of standards has been widely applied in Iranian Automotive manufacturing industry. Regarding the effects of TQM and ISO9000 set of standards various studies have been conducted and different quantitative conclusions have been made. Due to lack of quantitative information, in many of the cases, using qualitative information becomes the best option. The qualitative nature of data in such cases, requires qualitative analysis methods that might lead to some challenging computational issues. This paper examines the impact of ISO9000: 2000 certification and its perceived benefits for an automotive manufacturing company. Using an empirical approach, the paper seeks to ascertain if certification has indeed improved the performance of the company. Our null hypothesis rotates around the effect of ISO9000: 2000 on the 4W's of an enterprise. To carry out the research, first we developed a couple of questionnaires including all criteria of ISO9000 and 4W's. Second, the questionnaires were discussed with two researchers knowledgeable in the field, and then submitted to the quality practitioners and executives of Iran Khodro Enterprise-a leading company in Iranian automotive manufacturing industry. Finally the null hypothesis was tested and the technology improvement dimensions were ranked through nonparametric tests. The results illustrated a reasonable cause and effect relationship, suggesting that ISO9000: 2000 has positive effect on the 4W's of company result. In this work we investigate the effect as technology improvement viz., the improvement of techno-ware, human-ware, info-ware, and organ-ware.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.742-754
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• 2013

This study aims to conduct a investigation on the gusset of a Kimono sleeve to achieve excellent movability through an evaluation of its fit wearing by conducting comparative research in terms of the length of the gusset pattern according to sleeve angle, which having a great effect on the wearing and activity of the top of a Kimono sleeve. A prototype was manufactured by developing the basic Kimono sleeve based on the method of Ernestine Kopp's basic bodice pattern. The sleeve angles which was applied to the prototype pattern of the Kimono sleeve ware approximately $50^{\circ}$, $70^{\circ}$ and the gusset was diamond-shaped which has a width of 10cm and lengths of 9cm, 10cm and 11cm. As a result, in the case of $55^{\circ}$ of the sleeve angle, the angle was gradually increased as the length of gusset was extended, although, in the case of $68^{\circ}$ of the sleeve angle, there was not remarkable effects between increased gusset length and the value of the angle. This result could be analyzed that the gusset did not affect remarkably since the sufficient movability was gained with only the angle in the case of $68^{\circ}$. Also, in the results of experiment on $55^{\circ}$ angle, as 9cm, 10cm and 11cm of length of gusset commonly indicated over $70^{\circ}$ in average, it was found that the movability was obtained sufficiently in every part.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.243-256
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• 2018

This study conducts an optimization and sensitivity analysis on rectangular reinforced concrete (RC) beam using Lagrangian Multiplier Method (LMM) as programming optimization computer soft ware. The analysis is conducted to obtain the minimum design cost for both singly and doubly RC beams according to the specifications of three regulations of American concrete institute (ACI), British regulation (BS), and Iranian concrete regulation (ICS). Moreover, a sensitivity analysis on cost is performed with respect to the effective parameters such as length, width, and depth of beam, and area of reinforcement. Accordingly, various curves are developed to be feasibly utilized in design of RC beams. Numerical examples are also represented to better illustrate the design steps. The results indicate that instead of complex optimization relationships, the LMM can be used to minimize the cost of singly and doubly reinforced beams with different boundary conditions. The results of the sensitivity analysis on LMM indicate that each regulation can provide the most optimal values at specific situations. Therefore, using the graphs proposed for different design conditions can effectively help the designer (without necessity of primary optimization knowledge) choose the best regulation and values of design parameters.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.235-246
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• 2019

Wind loading is one of important loadings that should be considered in the design of large hyperbolic natural-draught cooling towers. Both external and internal surfaces of cooling tower are under the action of wind loading for cooling circulating water. In the previous studies, the wind loads on the external surface attracted concernedly attention, while the study on the internal surface was relatively ware. In the present study, the wind pressure on the internal surface of a 220 m high cooling tower is measured through wind tunnel testing, and the effect of ventilation rate of the packing layer on internal pressure is a major concern. The characteristics of internal wind pressure distribution and its effect on wind-induced responses calculated by finite element method are investigated. The results indicate that the wind loading on internal surface of the cooling tower behaves remarkable three-dimensional effect, and the pressure coefficient varies along both of height and circumferential directions. The non-uniformity is particularly strong during the construction stage. Analysis results of the effect of internal pressure on wind-induced responses show that the size and distribution characteristics of internal pressure will have some influence on wind-induced response, however, the outer pressure plays a dominant role in the wind-induced response of cooling tower, and the contribution of internal pressure to the response is small.