• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.166-171
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• 2015

A palato-radicular groove (PRG) is a developmental anomaly primarily found in the maxillary lateral incisors. It is a potential communication path between the root canal and the periodontium that decreases the survival prognosis of the affected tooth, therefore compromising the stability of the dental structure in the oral cavity. The aim of this case report is to present an original technique where a PRG was treated by means of intracanal disinfection, PRG sealing with glass ionomer, replantation with intentional horizontal 180 degree rotation of the tooth, and an aesthetic veneer placed to provide adequate tooth morphology. The clinical and biological benefits of this novel technique are presented and discussed.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.259-266
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• 1995

Purpose : The aim of this study is to analyze the survival rate, treatment failure and complication of radiation therapy alone in stage III uterine cervical cancer. Materials and Methods : From January 1980 through December 1985, 227 patients with stage III uterine cervical cancer treated with radiation therapy at Kosin Medical Center were retrospectively studied. Among 227 patients, 72 patients($317{\%}$) were stage IIIa, and 155 patients($68.3{\%}$) were stage IIIb according to FIGO classification. Age distribution was 32-71 years (median: 62 years). Sixty nine patients($95.8{\%}$) in stage IIIa and 150 patient ($96.8{\%}$) in stage IIIb were squamous cell carcinoma. pelvic lymph node metastasis at initial diagnosis was 8 patients($11.1{\%}$) in stage IIIa and 29 patients($18.7{\%}$) in stage IIIb, Among 72 patients with stage IIIa, 36 patients ($50{\%}$) were treated with external radiation therapy alone by conventional technique (180-200 cGy/fr.) and 36 patients($50{\%}$) were treated with external radiation therapy with intracavitary radiotherapy(ICR) with $Cs^{137}$ sources, and among 155 patients with stage IIIb, 80 patients ($51.6{\%}$) were treated with external radiation therapy alone and 75 patients ($48.4{\%}$) were treated with external radiation therapy with ICR. Total radiation doses of stage IIIa and IIIb were 65-105 Gy(median: 78.5 Gy) and 65-125.5 Gy (median 83.5 Gy). Survival rate was calculated by life-table method. Results : Complete response rates were $58.3{\%}$(42 patients) in stage IIIa and $56.1{\%}$(87 patients) in stage IIIb. Overall 5 year survival rates were $57{\%}$ in stage IIIa and $40{\%}$ in stage IIIb. Five year survival rates by radiation technique in stage IIIa and IIIb were $64{\%},\;40{\%}$ in the group treated in combination of external radiation and ICR, and $50\%,\;40\%$ in the group of external radiation therapy alone(P=NS). Five year survival rates by response of radiation therapy in stage IIIa and IIIb were $90\%,\;66\%$ in responder group and $10\%,\;7\%$ in non-responder group (P<0.001) There were statistically no significant differences of 5 year survival rate by total radiation doses and external radiation doses(40 Gy vs 50 Gy) of whole or true pelvis in stage IIIa and IIIb(P=NS). Treatment failures rates were $40.3\%$(29 patients) in stage IIla and $57.4\%$(89 patients) in stage IIIb. 17 patients ($23.6\%$) in stage IIIa and 46 patients ($29.7\%$) in stage IIIb experienced complications. Total radiation doses more than 85 Gy produced serious complication in both stage IIIa($50\%$) and IIIb($50\%$). Serious complication rates were higher in group received external radiation doses of 50 Gy than 40 Gy to whole or true pelvis in stage IIIa and IIIb. Serious rectal complication developed in rectal doses more than 65 Gy, and serious bladder complication developed in bladder doses more than 75 Gy. Major cause of death was cachexia due to locoregional failure in both stage IIIa($34.7\%$) and IIIb($43.9\%$). Conclusion : From this study, we found that external radiation therapy with ICR was found to have a tendency to be superior to external radiation therapy alone in survival rate, local control rate and complication rate but not different in statistics, and external radiation doses of 50 Gy than 40 Gy to whole or true pelvis produced serious rectal and bladder complications in stage III uterine cervical cancer.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.24.1-24.11
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• 2021

Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the survival rate and clinical performance of class 1 composite restorations restored with the Filtek Bulk Fill composite material using either the bulk fill technique or the incremental technique at baseline (1 week) and at 3, 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Materials and Methods: Forty-two patients with at least 2 carious teeth were selected. Following randomization, one tooth was restored with the Filtek Bulk Fill composite using the incremental fill technique, and the other tooth was restored with the same material using the bulk fill technique. Patients were recalled for follow-up at baseline (1 week) and 3, 6, and 12 months and evaluated using the FDI criteria. Results: The data were analyzed using the McNemar χ² test. No statistically significant differences were found between the scores of teeth restored with either technique. At baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up; there were no significant difference in the clinical status of both groups of restorations. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, using the bulk fill technique for restorations with the Filtek Bulk Fill material seems to be equally efficient to using the incremental fill technique.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.294-300
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• 2009

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) is performed by artificial ventilation and thoracic compression for the patient under emergent situation to maintain at least the minimum level of respiration and blood circulation for life survival. Quality of the pre-hospital CPR not only significantly affects the patient's survival rate but also minimizes side effects caused by CPR. Good quality CPR requires monitoring respiration, however, traditional respiratory air flow transducers cannot be used because the transducer elements are located on the flow axis. The present study developed a new technique with no physical object on the flow stream but enabling the air flow measurement and easily incorporated with the CPR devices. A turbulence chamber was formed in the middle of the respiratory tube by locally enlarging the cross-sectional area where the flow related turbulence was generated inducing energy loss which was in turn converted into pressure difference. The turbulence chamber was simply an empty enlarged air space, thus no physical object was placed on the flow stream, but still the flow rate could be evaluated. Both inspiratory and expiratory flows were obtained with symmetric measurement characteristics. Quadratic curve fitting provided excellent calibration formula with a correlation coefficient>0.999 (P<0.0001) and the mean relative error<1 %. The present results can be usefully applied to accurately monitor the air flow rate during CPR.

• Yonsei Medical Journal
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• v.59 no.9
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• pp.1049-1056
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• 2018

Purpose: Local recurrence is the most common cause of failure in retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma patients after surgical resection. Postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) is infrequently used due to its high complication risk. We investigated the efficacy of PORT using modern techniques in patients with retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma. Materials and Methods: Eighty patients, who underwent surgical resection for non-metastatic primary retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma at the Yonsei Cancer Center between 1994 and 2015, were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-eight (47.5%) patients received PORT: three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in 29 and intensity-modulated radiotherapy in nine patients. Local failure-free survival (LFFS), overall survival (OS), and RT-related toxicities were investigated. Results: Median follow-up was 37.1 months (range, 5.8-207.9). Treatment failure occurred in 47 (58.8%) patients including local recurrence in 33 (41.3%), distant metastasis in eight (10%), and both occurred in six (7.5%) patients. The 2-year and 5-year LFFS rates were 63.9% and 47.9%, respectively. The 2-year and 5-year OS rates were 87.5% and 71.1%. The 5-year LFFS rate was significantly higher in PORT group than in no-PORT group (74.2% vs. 24.3%, p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, PORT was the only independent prognostic factor for LFFS. However, there was no significant correlation between RT dose and LFFS. OS showed no significant difference between the two groups. Grade ${\leq}2$ acute toxicities were observed in 63% of patients, but no acute toxicity ${\geq}$ grade 3 was observed. Conclusion: PORT using modern technique markedly reduced local recurrence in retroperitoneal sarcoma patients, with low toxicity. The optimal RT technique, in terms of RT dose and target volume, should be further investigated.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.129-133
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• 2013

Background A pneumatic tourniquet is generally used to achieve a bloodless operation field in hand surgery. However, this has changed with tumescent solution-based wide-awake surgery. This study is a preliminary prospective case series study to elaborate the formula and indications of the tumescent technique in hand surgery without a tourniquet. Methods Seven patients (age range, 4 months to 37 years) underwent hand or upper extremity surgery for conditions such as nerve palsy, electric burn defect, fingertip injury, contracture, constriction ring syndrome, or acrosyndactyly. A "one-per-mil" tumescent solution (epinephrine 1:1,000,000+20 mg lidocaine/50 mL saline) was used to create a bloodless operating field without a tourniquet. Observation was performed to document the amount of solution injected, the operation field clarity, and the postoperative pain. Results The "one per mil" epinephrine solution showed an effective hemostatic effect. The tumescent technique resulted in an almost bloodless operation field in the tendon and in the constriction ring syndrome surgeries, minimal bleeding in the flap and contracture release surgeries, and acceptable bleeding in acrosyndactyly surgery. The amount of solution injected ranged from 5.3 to 60 mL. No patient expressed significant postoperative pain. Flap surgeries showed mixed results. One flap was lost, while the others survived. Conclusions Epinephrine 1:1,000,000 in saline solution is a potential replacement for a tourniquet in hand surgery. Further studies are needed to delineate its safety for flap survival.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.113-121
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• 2016

Background: We evaluated technique of hepatic resections using suprahilar-extrafascial dissection of Glissonean pedicle with vascular stapling device for pedicle transection with intent to minimize operative time and blood loss. Methods: We analyzed the clinical records of 326 patients who underwent anatomic liver resection by suprahilar-extrafascial pedicle isolation with vascular stapling division technique. Results: The minor liver resections were associated with significantly shorter surgery duration (105.1±21.1 vs. 225.6±75.6) and transection time (40.1±14.5 vs. 96.3±55.2) than major hepatectomies (p<0.0001 for all). The mean blood loss was 350.8±100.5 mL in minor resection and 485.4±250.2 mL in major resection (p=0.001). The mean blood transfusion requirement was 400.8±109.5 mL for minor resections and 550.9±100.0 mL for major hepatectomy (p=0.072). There was no significant difference in morbidity and mortality between groups (p=0.980; p=0.945). Major as well as minor liver resection were oncology superior with no significant difference in the 5-year overall survival rates. Conclusion: Suprahilar-extrafascial dissection of Glissonean pedicle represents an effective and safe technique of liver resection. Presented approach allows early and easy ischemic delineation of appropriate liver territory to be removed with selective inflow vascular control. It is not time consuming and it is very useful in re-resection, as well as oncological reasonable.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.35-54
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• 2009

The recent economic crisis not only reduces the profit of department stores but also incurs the significance losses caused by the increasing late-payment rate of credit cards. Under this pressure, the scope of credit prediction needs to be broadened from the simple prediction of whether this customer has a good credit or not to the accurate prediction of how much profit can be gained from this customer. This study classifies the delinquent customers of credit card in a Korean department store into homogeneous clusters. Using this information, this study analyzes the repayment patterns for each cluster and develops the credit prediction system to manage the delinquent customers. The model presented by this study uses Kohonen network, which is one of artificial neural networks of data mining technique, to cluster the credit delinquent customers into clusters. Cox proportional hazard model is also used, which is one of survival analysis used in medical statistics, to analyze the repayment patterns of the delinquent customers in each cluster. The presented model estimates the repayment period of delinquent customers for each cluster and introduces the influencing variables on the repayment pattern prediction. Although there are some differences among clusters, the variables about the purchasing frequency in a month and the average number of installment repayment are the most predictive variables for the repayment pattern. The accuracy of the presented system leaches 97.5%.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.785-792
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• 1994

In this study, the authors analyzed the prognostic value of four clinical variables[age and sex of patients, association with myasthenia gravis and clinical stage] and histological type in 30 consecutive patients with thymoma, histologically classified as cortical[10],medullary[5] and mixed[15]type according to Marino and Muller-Hermelink classification. There were significant differences between the histological types in the frequency of the different tumor stages and myasthenia gravis and prognosis.Most of the cortical thymomas were at stage III and all of the medullary and most of the mixed tumors at stage I or II.Myasthenia gravis occurred more commonly in patients with cortical[30%] and mixed thymoma[60%] than in patients with medullary thymoma[10%]. Follow-up was conducted in 30 patients,with follow-up range from 3 months to 120 months[mean,47.3months]. 5 year actuarial survival was 100% for medullary thymoma, 73% for mixed thymoma, and 47% for cortical thymoma.The overall survival curve shows that 87.6% of the patients are alive at 2 years and 72.8% at 5 years. And 7 patients was dead during follow-up periods.By Kaplan-Meier technique, we found that the patients who had myasthenia gravis had better prognosis[P<0.05]. Medullary thymoma is a comparatively rare, benign tumor, and usually not associated with myasthenia gravis. Cortical thymoma must be regarded as malignant. Mixed thymoma is intermediate in its behavior between medullary and cortical thymoma. But these tumors should be considered potentially malignant despite of presence as stage I of II disease. Also, the patients with stageI,II had good prognosis and the patients with total resection had good prognosis[P<0.05].

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.279-313
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• 2020

This review summarises the classification, anatomy and embryogenesis of complex spinal cord lipomas, and describes in some detail the new technique of total lipoma resection and radical reconstruction of the affected neural placode. Its specific mission is to tackle two main issues surrounding the management of complex dysraphic lipomas : whether total resection confers better long term benefits than partial resection, and whether total resection does better than conservative treatment, i.e., no surgery, for asymptomatic lipomas. Accordingly, the 24 years progression-free survival data of the author and colleagues' series of over 350 cases of total resection are compared with historical data from multiple series (including our own) of partial resection, and total resection data specifically for asymptomatic lesions are compared with the two known series of non-surgical treatment of equivalent patients. These comparisons amply support the author's recommendation of total resection for most complex lipomas, with or without symptoms. The notable exception is the asymptomatic chaotic lipoma, whose peculiar anatomical relationship with the neural tissue defies even our aggressive surgical approach, and consequently projects worse results (admittedly of small number of cases) than for the other two lipoma subtypes of dorsal and transitional lesions. Prophylactic resection of asymptomatic chaotic lipomas is therefore not currently endorsed.