• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2003년도 International Symposium
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• pp.70-86
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• 2003

Despite its usability, TCE has been managed as a hazardous material due to the toxicity and many contamination cases were surveyed in some developed countries. U.S.EPA(Kram et al., 2001) suggested DNAPL characterization methods and approaches based on survey experiences at several sites. However, Korea has not the least assessment of contamination and trial of remediation, although there are a lot of doubtable areas where ground water would be contaminated with TCE. In this study, we try to assess the volume and extent of ground water contamination with TCE and delineate the contamination source zones in an industrial area. Ground water in this area flows through fractures and the contaminant TCE has the properties of high volatility, high density and low partitioning to soil material. Thus, we applied a variety of technical approaches to identify the contamination status; documentary, hydrogeochemical, hydrogeological and geological surveys. In addition, additional survey was performed based on the interim findings, which showed that ground water contamination was limited to the relatively small area with high concentrations to the deep place. The contamination source zone is estimated to be the asphalt test institute where a great deal of TCE has been used to analyze the amount of asphalt soluble in TCE since 1984. Based on the contamination characterization and a myriad of documents about ground water remediation, appropriate site remediation management options will be recommended later. This study is now under way and this paper was focused on describing the technical approaches used to achieve the goals of this study.

• Journal of Breast Cancer
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.343-353
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• 2018

Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. In developed as well as developing countries, breast cancer is the most common cancer found among women. Currently, treatment of breast cancer consists mainly of surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and radiotherapy. In recent years, because of increased understanding of the therapeutic potential of immunotherapy in cancer prevention, cancer vaccines have gained importance. Here, we review various immunotherapeutic breast cancer vaccines including peptide-based vaccines, whole tumor cell vaccines, gene-based vaccines, and dendritic cell vaccines. We also discuss novel nanotechnology-based approaches to improving breast cancer vaccine efficiency.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제12D권4호
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• pp.617-626
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• 2005

시스템의 소프트웨어 아키텍처를 설계하기 위해서는 여러 아키텍처 스타일들이 복합적으로 결합하여 시스템의 전체적인 아키텍처를 구성하게 된다. 이 때 다양한 아키텍처 스타일 즉, 아키텍처 접근법들 중 어떤 것을 선택할 것인가는 완성될 시스템이 어떤 기능적, 비 기능적 품질요구사항을 만족시켜야 하는지에 따라 달라지게 된다. 본 논문에서는 아키텍처 접근법 선정을 위한 평가모델을 기반으로 아키텍처 접근법의 기술적인(technical) 부분에 대한 평가를 통해 시스템의 요구사항에 대한 만족도를 결정하여 가장 적합한 아키텍처 접근법을 선정하도록 하는 평가 방법을 정의하고, 메시지 시스템의 아키텍처 접근법을 선정 시 본 평가 방법을 적용하는 사례연구를 통해 본 평가 방법을 검증한다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.429-448
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• 2015

The dams are huge structures storing a large amount of water and failures of them cause especially irreparable loss of lives during the earthquakes. They are named as a group of structures subjected to fluid-structure interaction. So, the response of the fluid and its hydrodynamic pressures on the dam should be reflected more accurately in the structural analyses to determine the real behavior as soon as possible. Different mathematical and analytical modelling approaches can be used to calculate the water hydrodynamic pressure effect on the dam body. In this paper, it is aimed to determine the dynamic response of concrete gravity dams using different water modelling approaches such as Westergaard, Lagrange and Euler. For this purpose, Sariyar concrete gravity dam located on the Sakarya River, which is 120km to the northeast of Ankara, is selected as a case study. Firstly, the main principals and basic formulation of all approaches are given. After, the finite element models of the dam are constituted considering dam-reservoir-foundation interaction using ANSYS software. To determine the structural response of the dam, the linear transient analyses are performed using 1992 Erzincan earthquake ground motion record. In the analyses, element matrices are computed using the Gauss numerical integration technique. The Newmark method is used in the solution of the equation of motions. Rayleigh damping is considered. At the end of the analyses, dynamic characteristics, maximum displacements, maximum-minimum principal stresses and maximum-minimum principal strains are attained and compared with each other for Westergaard, Lagrange and Euler approaches.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.543-560
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• 2011

In structural engineering there are randomness inherently exist on determination of the loads, strength, geometry, and so on, and the manufacturing of the structural members, workmanship etc. Thus, objective and constraint functions of the optimization problem are functions that depend on those randomly natured components. The constraints being the function of the random variables are evaluated by using reliability index or performance measure approaches in the optimization process. In this study, the minimum weight of a space truss is obtained under the uncertainties on the load, material and cross-section areas with harmony search using reliability index and performance measure approaches. Consequently, optimization algorithm produces the same result when both the approaches converge. Performance measure approach, however, is more efficient compare to reliability index approach in terms of the convergence rate and iterations needed.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.249-261
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• 2020

Seismic loss estimation studies require fragility curves which are usually derived using ground motion datasets. Ground motion records can be either in the form of recorded or simulated time histories compatible with regional seismicity. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the use of alternative ground motion datasets (simulated and real) on the fragility curves. Simulated dataset is prepared considering regional seismicity parameters corresponding to Erzincan using the stochastic finite-fault technique. In addition, regionally compatible records are chosen from the NGA-West2 ground motion database to form the real dataset. The paper additionally studies the effects of hazard variability and two different fragility curve derivation approaches on the generated fragility curves. As the final step for verification purposes, damage states estimated for the fragility curves derived using alternative approaches are compared with the observed damage levels from the 1992 Erzincan (Turkey) earthquake (Mw=6.6). In order to accomplish all these steps, a set of representative masonry buildings from Erzincan region are analyzed using simplified structural models. The results reveal that regionally simulated ground motions can be used alternatively in fragility analyses and damage estimation studies.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2019

Variation Analysis (VA) is used to simulate final product variation, taking into consideration part manufacturing and assembly variations. In VA, all the manufacturing and assembly processes are defined at the product design stage. Process Capability Data Bases (PCDB) provide information about measured variation from previous products and processes and allow the designer to apply this to the new product. A new challenge to this traditional approach is posed by the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) revolution, where Smart Manufacturing (SM) is applied. The manufacturing intelligence and adaptability characteristics of SM make present PCDBs obsolete. Current tolerance analysis methods, which are made for discrete assembly products, are also challenged. This paper discusses the differences expected in future factories relevant to VA, and the approaches required to meet this challenge. Current processes are mapped using I4.0 philosophy and gaps are analysed for potential approaches for tolerance analysis tools. Matching points of simulation capability and I4.0 intents are identified as opportunities. Applying conditional variations, incorporating levels of adjustability, and the un-suitability of present Monte Carlo simulation due to changed mass production characteristics, are considered as major challenges. Opportunities including predicting residual stresses in the final product and linking them to product deterioration, calculating non-dimensional performances and extending simulations for process manufactured products, such as drugs, food products etc. are additional winning aspects for next generation VA tools.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2022

Information and communication technologies used in the social sphere are born due to the development of computer technologies. The main task of the distance learning process in higher education institutions is not to provide information, but to teach how to obtain and use it. The purpose of the article: to identify innovative approaches in the training of specialists in higher education institutions in the context of distance learning. Various innovative approaches to organizing the work of students of higher educational institutions in the context of distance learning are considered. Based on the conducted research, it is concluded that each of the approaches described by us outlines the study of the phenomenon of professional training of a specialist in the condition of distance learning. All the described approaches significantly contribute to the improvement of professional training of specialists, encourage students to self-improvement, professional development and enrich their professional competence in modern conditions. The emergence and spread of innovative technologies means not only a change in the activity itself and its inherent means and mechanisms of its implementation, but also a significant restructuring of goals, value orientations, specific knowledge, skills and abilities. Therefore, the current stage of the development of civilization, scientific and technological progress requires the emergence of such specialists who would have broad humanitarian thinking, would have good psychological training, would be able to build professional activities according to laws that take into account the relationship between economic productivity and creativity, as well as the desire of the individual for constant renewal, self-realization. Only such qualities will help you master the specifics of innovative technologies well. We see the prospects in the study of innovative approaches to training specialists in higher education institutions in the condition of distance learning in foreign countries.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.100-106
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• 1991

Environmental professional education in Korea has been mostly concentrated on the scientific and technological approaches to environmental problems. Many undergraduate majors in environmental engineering or sciences are designed to produce more technical manpowers in environmental fields. Most graduate schools on the environment also place an emphasis on teaching the technical aspects of environmental problems. Some environmental administration related courses, such as environmental law, environmental administration, environmental policy, environmental economics, environmental impact assessments, etc. are partically reflected in some curricula of very limited graduate or undergraduate environment majors. However, teaching environmental administration related courses in science or engineering major institutions has not been successfully carried out so far because lack of interests in such courses by most students and the shortage of competent teachers as well. Furthermore, those courses are not widely accepted by the departments of law, political science, public administration, etc. because their major interests are not in the environment-oriented. Environmental problems cannot be solved by the technical approach along. They should be systematically dealt with through interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary approaches, including natural and social sciences covering all relevant disciplines. in this respect, undergraduate environmental education should preferably cover broader courses on the environment, and the education for environmental professionals, including environmental administration specialists, is preferably handled by graduate schools offering many specialty area courses. Education for environmental administration specialist at graduate level is urgently needed in order to supply the competent manpower at government, business, and private organization levels dealing with environmental administration related problem. This is a new challenging area and the education for such specialists will become more important in the near future than technical manpowers which we ate now concentrating on their education.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.537-552
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• 2024

국내 원전은 방사능방재법에 의거하여 '정보시스템 보안규정'이 수립됨과 함께 조직구성부터 자산의 기술적/운영적/관리적 보안조치에 이르는 사이버보안 체계를 도입하여 운영하고 있다. 단계별 접근법, 물리적방호체계의 대안조치 등이 시도되고 있지만, 관리대상의 감소는 이루어지지 않기 때문에 현장의 한정된 인력으로 운영하기엔 보안 역량의 부담이 가중되고 있다. 본문에서는 원전 안전기능을 수행하는 A1 유형 자산에 대해 정비규정(MR, Maintenance Rule), EPRI 기술적 평가 방법론(TAM, Technical Assessment Methodology)를 활용하여 정비적인 측면과 기기 특성에 대한 측면으로 분석하였다. 이를 통해 사이버침해로 인한 자산기능의 영향을 재분석하는 방안을 제시한다.