• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.330-338
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• 2018

The proportional-integral-derivative(PID) controller has been widely used in the industry because of its robust performance and simple structure in a wide range of operating conditions. However, the AVR(Automatic Voltage Regulator) as a control system is not robust to variations of the power system parameters. Therefore, it is necessary to use PID controller to increase the stability and performance of the AVR system. In this paper, a novel design method for determining the optimal PID controller parameters of an AVR system using the particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm is presented. The proposed approach has superior features, including easy implementation, stable convergence characteristic and good computational efficiency. In order to assist estimating the performance of the proposed PSO-PID controller, a new performance criterion function is also defined. This evaluation function is intended to reflect when the maximum percentage overshoot, the settling time are given as design specifications. The ITAE evaluation function should impose a penalty if the design specifications are violated, so that the PSO algorithm satisfies the specifications when searching for the PID controller parameter. Finally, through the computer simulations, the proposed PSO-PID controller not only satisfies the given design specifications for the terminal voltage step response, but also shows better control performance than other similar recent studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.665-673
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• 2020

Mokpo National Maritime University's Maritime College operates education and training programs that allow students to adapt to the specifics of ships and the oceans. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of student satisfaction on core competencies and self-directed competency through the operation of socially customized education programs. We surveyed the leaders in industry-university cooperation+ education programs, and selected TALK+, an education program capable of statistical analysis, as the focus of our analysis. The TALK+ program connects people in charge of communication with those in charge of reflecting the peculiarities of maritime universities. Data were collected using satisfaction surveys that returned 259 results. These were analyzed using a 5-point Likert scale that showed a high level of satisfaction with an average of 4 points or more. The satisfaction level showed that there is positive correlation between satisfaction levels and core competency and self-directed competency. In addition, a linear regression analysis was performed, and the results showed that satisfaction has a statistically significant effect on the improvement of core competencies and self-directed competencies (p<0.001). Through this study, it was confirmed that efforts to improve the satisfaction level and develop various comparisons method and programs are necessary.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.39-50
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• 2016

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to substantiate the relationship between on-the-job training (OJT) characteristic factors and OJT outcomes and the moderating effect of the tie strength between a trainer and a trainee on the relationship. OJT characteristic factors were composed of a unit of work to be learned, trainee's motivation, trainer's ability, OJT design, and OJT support. OJT outcomes included job satisfaction and organizational commitment in the research. The tie strength means a sense of intimacy with a trainer. All of the OJT characteristic factors, OJT outcomes, and the tie strength were defined operationally as the perceived ones by a trainee. Research design, data, and methodology - This study analyzed the data of 302 employees in a domestic travel agency as early career for seven years or less. The main methods for the analysis were multiple linear regression analysis and moderating effect analysis. The whole process of the data analysis was conducted using the SPSS 21.0 for windows. Results - The results of the study are as follows: First, every five element of OJT, including unit of work to be learned, trainee's motivation, trainer's ability, OJT design, and OJT support, showed positive influence on OJT outcomes - job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Second, the tie strength between a trainer and a trainee was positively related with OJT outcomes. Finally, the strength of ties between the trainer and the trainee was found positively to moderate the relationship of a unit of work to be learned, OJT design, or OJT support, with OJT outcomes. However, the moderating effect of the tie strength was not significant statistically between the trainee's motivation or the trainer's ability, and OJT outcomes. Conclusion - In the study, it was demonstrated that every OJT characteristic factors have a positive contribution to job satisfaction and organizational commitment for early career employees. In addition, the study showed the need to pay attention to improve the quality of relationships between trainers and trainees, in order to increase the impact of a unit of work to be learned, OJT design, and OJT support. These findings suggest the implications in the three factors as external factors that constitute OJT. The three factors are made by HRD practitioners who are involved in design and operation of the program as well as their interventions to improve the quality of the relationship between trainers and trainees. On the other hand, it was demonstrated in the research that trainee's motivation and trainer's ability, regardless of their tie strength, have a direct impact on OJT outcomes by itself. Moreover, the trainee's motivation and trainer's ability are intrinsic characteristics, rather than external factors that constitute OJT. Therefore, they are unlikely to be changed by HRD practitioners' interventions. In conclusion, it was argued in the research that the trainee's motivation and trainer's ability should be a consideration in selecting and matching partners in OJT participants before starting OJT.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.27-40
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to identify the kinematic variables of giant swing backward to handstand as well as individual variations of each athlete performing this skill, which in turn will provide the basis for developing suitable training methods and for improving athlete's performance in actual games. For this end, 3 male athletes, members of the national team, who are in ${\Box}{\Box}H{\Box}{\Box}$ University, have been randomly chosen and their giant swing backward to handstand performance was recorded using two digital cameras and analyzed in 3 dimensional graphics. This study came to the following conclusion. 1. Proper time allocation for giant swing backward to handstand are: Phase 1 should provide enough time to attain energy for swing track of a grand round movement. The phase 3 is to throw the body up high in the air and stay in the air as long as possible to smoothen up the transition to the next stage and the phase 4 should be kept short with the moment arm coefficient of the body reduced. 2. As for appropriate changes of locations of body center, the phase 1 should be comprised of horizontal, perpendicular, compositional to make up a big rotational radius. Up to the Phase 3 the changes of displacements of vertical locations should be a good scale and athlete's body should go up high quickly to increase the perpendicular climbing power 3. When it comes to the speed changes of body center, the vertical and horizontal speed should be spurred by the reaction of the body in Phase 2 and Phase 3. In the Phase 4, fast vertical speed throws the body center up high to ensure enough time for in-the-air movement. 4. The changes of angles of body center are: in Phase 2, shoulder joint is stretching and coxa should be curved up to utilize the body reaction. In the Phase 4, shoulder joint and coxa should be stretched out to get the body center as high as possible in the air for stable landing. 5. The speeds of changes in joints angles are: in the Phase 2 should have the speed of angles of shoulder joints increase to get the body up in the air as quickly as possible. The Phase 3 should have the speed of angles in shoulder joint slow down, while putting the angles of a knee joint up to speed as quickly as possible to ensure enough time for in-the-air movement.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.77-87
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• 2008

This study is to formulate strategy for subject who are selected as national team in horizontal bars event in apparatus gymnastics. For this, skill training program was applied to players for 8 weeks. Then it was analyzed by using 3D motion Analysis system to seek the difference between before and after using the program. There were decisive demerit element K's first try for Tkatchev stretched movement from low elevation and crooked body while elevating. Not only, the location of his center of mass is far and low and there was some concern in his landing due to bended his hip-joint, but also, it exposed weak point in retro-action followed technique. Thus, to overcome that weak point, the subject repeated practices on following; when preparing for Tkatchev stretched movement at downward for big spin, make sure extend shoulder angle faster, make sure Tap movement is short and concise using hip-joint angular while delaying Tap timing for folding the body, and moreover, while backlashing the body, used shoulder joint angle wide to pull up the body. As a result, the speed of vertical upward did rut increase when separation from the bar. However, height of elevation increased that the leg would rut hit the horizontal bar even straight up the hip-joint. Therefore, the movement itself provided magnificent motion and even helped decrease the demerits.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.543-559
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• 2009

Dr Lillehei (1918$\sim$1999) pioneered cardiac surgery with his landmark operations using cross-circulation in 1954 and 1955. With his dedications to open heart surgery, he is generally considered to be the father of open heart surgery by many medical historians. Dr Lillehei expanded his contributions to cardiac surgery with training 134 cardiothoracic surgeons at the University of Minnesota Hospital and he trained an additional 20 surgeons at the Cornell Medical Center. Dr Lillehei's trainees came from all over the world and Dr YK lee (1921$\sim$1994) of Seoul National University was among them. He joined the University of Minnesota Hospital in 1957 as a part of the Minnesota project. During his stay for two years, in addition to experimental research, he learned clinical cardiac surgery as part of Dr Lillehei's team. In 1959, after returning to Korea, Dr Lee began his career as. a full-time cardiac surgeon with establishing the Division of Cardiac Surgery at Seoul National University. Hospital. Yet he encountered many difficult barriers in the process. During that time, Dr Lillehei was willing to share his experience and he provided many valuable resources for cardiac operations. With Dr Lillehei's kind help, the open heart surgery program was gradually and successfully established at Seoul National University Hospital. These two surgical titans from across the Pacific Ocean died in 1994 (Dr Lee) and 1999 (Dr Lillehei). They are gone, yet the proud Korean people have not forgotten them.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 1971

This is a research on general evaluation of the nursing profession which is a professional job, a suitable calling to women and is developing academically day by day. The author gave some questions to the patients, doctors, people, student nurses-themselves and got the following results; (A) General concept about nursing profession A nurse is a member, of a medical team who works for people′s health promotion(50.8%). The reason that the nursing profession is a good one is that it is a rewarding job to care for sick patients(78.9%). The spirit is the most important factor for the nurse(84.8%) and the nursing profession is a suitable calling to women (76%). The description of nurses as "The angels in white dress" is an appropriate one (44.6%) or only a beautiful expression(47.4%) (B) Nurses as actually seen by doctors and patients. They work only obligatorily (47.8%)-Doctors They try to relieve, the patient′s physical discomforts in all sincerity (65.6%), also they to decrease the patient′s mental apprehension (56.7%). (C) Satisfaction in the nursing profession. Nurses satisfaction in the nursing profession is general(68.8%) and student nurses satisfaction in selecting nursing is fulfilled (50.9%). One reason for dissatisfaction among nurses and student nurses is people's failure to understanding the nursing profession(40.1%), One reason for satisfaction is that it is a rewarding job caring for sick patients(35%). (D) Is the nursing professional job? People think the nursing profession is a professional job like doctors or lawyers (60.2%). (E) Are they academic? People think the nurses are academic(37.8%) but nurses read only interesting items in the "Journal of Korean Nurse"(67.7%). (F) Opinions about nurses′going out of the country. Doctors and nurses agree that after 1-2 years′experience in this country(78.5%) and student nurses want to go out where there is on opportunity(73.1%). Student's purpose of going out is to enrich their stock of information(71.3%), doctors think, it is for training in nursing knowledge and skills (47.8%). (G) Opinions about nurse′s social affairs. They want nurses to be controlled(44.4%) and also think that the nurse's demonstration in the National Conte. was reasonable (36.3%). (H) Would you make your daughter a nurse? They favour their daughter′s becoming a nurse(17.4%) because they think it is a rewarding job to care for sick patients(42.5%).

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.193-205
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• 2003

There has been so many research activities about robot soccer system in the many research fields, for example, intelligent control, communication, computer technology, sensor technology, image processing, mechatronics. Especially researchers research strategy for attacking in the field of strategy, and develop intelligent strategy. Then, soccer robots cannot defense completely and efficiently by using simple defense strategy. Therefore, intention extraction of attacker is needed for efficient defense. In this thesis, intention extractor of soccer robots is designed and developed based on FMMNN(Fuzzy Min-Max Neural networks ). First, intention for soccer robot system is defined, and intention extraction for soccer robot system is explained.. Next, FMMNN based intention extractor for soccer robot system is determined. FMMNN is one of the pattern classification method and have several advantages: on-line adaptation, short training time, soft decision. Therefore, FMMNN is suitable for soccer robot system having dynamic environment. Observer extracts attack intention of opponents by using this intention exactor, and this intention extractor is also used for analyzing strategy of opponent team. The capability of developed intention extractor is verified by simulation of 3 vs. 3 robot succor simulator. It was confirmed that the rates of intention extraction each experiment increase.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.717-725
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• 2018

IMO developed VIMSAS for effective application of IMO instruments related to maritime safety and environmental protection and was implemented from 2006 to 2016. Based on this, the purpose and procedures of VIMSAS applied to IMO member states by trial, and IMSAS was enforced from January 1st 2016. IMSAS was implemented to ensure that IMO Member States, such as flag states, coastal states and port states that ratified the IMO Convention, are properly performing their given responsibilities and to ensure the effective implementation of the IMO instruments through the improvement of identified non-conformities. In this study, the auditing contents and procedures were verified based on IMO documents in order to prepare for the IMSAS audit of Republic of Korea scheduled for 2020. For this purpose, this study proposed an update of a directory, development of monitoring system for information reporting required by IMO instruments, designation of relevant experts, preparation of an English version of related national laws, training of IMSAS auditors and establishment of an IMSAS audit response team for audit of IMSAS in 2020 by referring to the results of the VIMSAS for Republic of Korea, major findings of the VIMSAS of other IMO member states, and Consolidated Audit Summary Report (CASR), which was submitted at the 5th IMO III sub-committee.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.127-146
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• 2020

Overseas advanced countries are aware of the importance of research equipment and are providing a lot of policy support to revitalize the research equipment industry. However, Korea does not have any law to support policies or related projects to revitalize the research equipment industry. Therefore, there is an urgent need for legislation to support policies and projects for revitalizing research equipment industry. It is considered necessary to establish a separate special law for revitalizing the research equipment industry so that it can gain competitiveness in the global market of the research equipment industry. As we have seen, the necessary articles in the relevant laws should be specified so that various promotion policies can be developed to foster the research equipment industry. In order to promote the development of research equipment industry, there are three essential items to be specified in the law. First is research and development support, second is infrastructure development, and third is business incubation. The following contents should be included in each contents. First of all, "research and development support" includes research and envelopment project promotion and support policy items, research equipment development trends and investment trends, joint research between industry, academia, And research and development support for fusion, hybrid and commercialization. Next, the items to be included in "infrastructure development" should include the establishment of research equipment clusters, related support items, training of professional manpower, and research equipment development base area and institutions. Finally, the items that should be included in "business incubation." include support matters for the development of excellent companies (priority purchase system, etc.), matters related to technology transfer and marketing, matters concerning the protection of intellectual property, And matters for promoting overseas expansion.