• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.748-758
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• 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the change in activity and mounting behavior in Hanwoo (Korean Native Cattle) during the peri-estrus period and its application to estrus detection. A total of 20 Hanwoo cows were fitted with a neck-collar accelerometer device, which measured the location and acceleration of cow movements and recorded the number of instances of mounting behavior by the altitude data. The data were analyzed in three periods (24-, 6-, and 2-h periods). Blood samples were collected for 5 days after the prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) injection, and the concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Activity and mounting behavior recorded over 2-h periods significantly increased as estrus approached and were more efficient at detecting estrus than over 24- and 6-h periods (p < 0.05). Endocrine patterns did not differ with the variation of individual cows during the peri-estrus period (p > 0.05). Activity was selected as the best predictor through stepwise discriminant analysis. However, activity alone is not enough to detect estrus. We suggest that a combination of activity and mounting behavior may improve estrus detection efficiency in Hanwoo. Further research is necessary to validate the findings on a larger sample size.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.422-428
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• 2005

배추 유묘를 Plasmodiophora brassicae 오염토에 이식하고 약제 용액을 폿트(35 $cm^2$)에 관주처리 하는 방법으로 기존 살균제 44종의 배추 뿌리혹병에 대한 방제효과를 실험하였다. 뿌리혹병 방제용 살균제인 fluazinam, flusulfamide 및 cyazofamid는 폿트 당 0.63 mg 처리구에서 모두 90% 이상의 방제가를 나타냈다. 난균류 병해 살균제인 ethaboxam과 cymoxanil은 폿트 당 5 mg 처리 시에 배추 뿌리혹병을 완전히 방제하였다. 그러나 cymoxanil은 고농도 처리에서 배추에 심한 약해를 유발하였다. 잿빛곰팡이병 방제용 살균제인 dichlofluanid와 procymidone도 폿트 당 2.5 mg 처리 시에 배추 뿌리혹병을 효과적으로 방제하였다. 광범위살균제인 chlorothalonil, quintozene과 trichlamide도 2.5 mg 처리 시에 각각 85%, 100%, 100%의 방제가를 나타냈다. 스테롤 생합성 저해제는 대부분 배추 뿌리혹병에 우수한 방제효과를 나타냈으나, 이들은 배추 유묘의 생육을 억제하는 약해를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과로부터 선발된 7종 살균제의 배추 뿌리혹병 방제효과를 비교하여 실험한 결과, 이들 중 ethaboxam은 가장 우수한 방제효과를 나타냈으며 fenarimol, pocymidone, nuarimol, chlorothalonil 순으로 우수한 방제효과를 보였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.2180-2184
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• 2010

We synthesized and tested the anti-HIV activity of the SATE prodrug of a 2'-methyl 5'-norcarbocyclic adenine analogue. The introduction of a methyl group in the 2'-position was performed by the addition of a carbonyl using isopropenyl magnesium bromide. The adenine base was efficiently coupled using the Mitsunobu reaction. The chemical stability study of the bis(SATE) derivative 18 was measured at neutral (pH 7.2) and slightly acid (milli-Q water, pH 5.5) pH, and compounds 16 and 18 were evaluated as potential anti-HIV-1 agents.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1723-1728
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• 2008

An efficient synthetic route for carbocyclic versions of stavudine analogues and their evaluation on antiviral activity are described. The construction of an ethynylated quaternary carbon at the 4'-position of carbocyclic nucleosides was accomplished using Claisen rearrangement of 11 and ring-closing metathesis (RCM) of dienyne 14 as key transformations. An antiviral evaluation of the synthesized compounds, 20, 21, 22, and 25 against HIV-1, HSV-1, HSV-2, and HCMV showed that only the guanine analogue 25 is moderately active against HIV-1 in the MT-4 cell line ($EC_{50}$ = 11.91 $\mu$mol).

• 약학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2007

In these study novel 1,4-disubstituted carbocyclic nucleoside analogues were synthesized as potential antiviral agents. The coupling reaction of the alcohol 8${\alpha}$ with natural bases using Mitsunobu reaction afforded the target nucleosides 13, 14. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antiviral activity against various viruses such as HIV-1, HSV-1, HSV-2 and HCMV. Cytosine derivative 13 exhibited moderate antiviral activity against HIV-1 (EC$_{50}$=16.4 ${\mu}$M).

• Educational Technology International
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.201-215
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• 2014

The design project of a technology product provides an opportunity for students to experience the inter-connectedness of academic information and ill-defined real-world problems. This study focuses on non-engineering students' activity and perception through the assistive technology design project. For this purpose, participants engaged in a team-based technology design project. Then, a qualitative research approach was adopted, which included reflective journals with 24 undergraduate students majored in Adaptive Physical Education. The analysis identified six factors (knowledge value, social value, reality value, accomplishment value, perspective value, benefit value) of perception and five stages (topic selection, function suggestion, visualization, presentation preparation, and presentation) of activity.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.338-346
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• 2004

홀아비꽃대(Chloranthus japonicus) 뿌리 조직의 메탄을 추출물은 벼 도열병(Magnaporthe grisea), 벼 잎집무늬마름병(Corticium sasaki), 토마토 잿빛곰팡이병(Botrytis cinerea), 토마토 역병(Phytophthora infestans) 및 밀 붉은녹병(Puccinia recondita) 등의 다양한 식물병을 효과적으로 방제하였다. 이 메탄올 추출물로부터 3개의 항균물질을 분리하였고 이들은 질량분석과 핵자기공명분석을 통하여 shizukanol B, C 및 D로 동정되었다. 이들 세 개의 물질들 중에서 shizukanol C가 실험한 식물병원균들의 균사생육 저해 활성이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 즉, $12.5{\mu}g/m\ell$ 이상의 농도에서 벼 도열병균과 고추 탄저병균(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides와 C. acutatum)의 균사 생육을 완전히 억제하였고, $3.13{\mu}g/m\ell$ 이상의 농도에서는 토마토 역병균의 균사 생육이 완전히 억제되었다. 세 가지 물질은 또한 in vivo에서 벼 도열병과 밀 붉은녹병에 대하여 특히 높은 방제효과를 보였다. 다른 한편으로 세 가지 물질들은 밀과 보리 잎에 약해를 유발하였고, 또한 좀개구리밥(Lemna paucicosta)의 생장을 억제하였으며, shizukanol B, C, D의 50% 생육억제 농도는 각각 $30.0{\mu}g/m\ell$, $49.9{\mu}g/m\ell$ 및 $154{\mu}g/m\ell$였다. 그리고 shizukanol C는 시험한 5종류의 해충중에서 벼멸구(Nilaparavata lugens), 복숭아혹진딧물(Myzus persicae), 배추좀나방(Plutella xylostella) 및 담배거세미나방(Spodoptera litura)에 대해서 $1,000{\mu}g/m\ell$ 수준에서 60% 이상의 살충활성을 보였다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.88-97
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of a physical activity program on the physical fitness in persons with intellectual disabilities. Methods: The study design was an equivalent control group pre-post test. The treatment group received ths physical activity program five times per week for 20 weeks. Data were collected from the treatment group at two time points: Week 1 and Week 20 following the initiation of the treatment protocol. Data were collected from the control group at the ends of week 1 and Week 20. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS v.21.0 software program. Results: The experimental group showed a significant reduction of physical fitness: basic of physical fitness (t=-2.07, p=.041), flexibility (t=2.25, p=.027), muscular strength (t=2.70, p=.009), agility (t=-3.35, p=.001), except for sense of balance (t=-0.91, p=.368), while control group showed no change in these variables. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the physical activity program has proved to be a stable and physically active intervention program for physical activity in intellectually disabled persons.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.95.2-96
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• 2003

In order to develop a new microbial fungicide for the control of vegetable diseases using endophytic bacteria, a total of 260 bacterial strains were isolated from fresh tissues of 5 plant species. After they were cultured in broth media, their antifungal activities were screened by in vivo bioassays against Botrytis cinerea(tomato gray mold), Pythium ultimum(cucumber damping-off), Phytopkhora infestans(tomato late blight), Colletotrichum orbiculare(cucumber anthracnose), and Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei(barley powdery mildew). As the results of screening, 38 bacterial strains showed potent antifungal activities against at least one of 5 plant pathogens. A bacterial strain EB072 displayed potent disease control activities against 3 plant diseases. Among the bacterial strains with a potent antifungal activity against cucunlber anthracnose, three bacterial strains, EB054, EB151 and EB215, also displayed a potent in vitro antifungal activity against C. acutatum, a fungal agent causing pepper anthracnose. A bacterial strain EB215 obtained from roots of cucumber was identified as Burkholderia cepacia based on its physiological and biochemical characteristics and 165 rRNA gene sequence. An antifungal substance was isolated from the liquid cultures of B. cepacia EB215 strain by ethyl acetate partitioning, repeated silica gel column chromatography, and invitro bioassay, Its structural determination is in progress by various instrumental analyses.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.280-285
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• 2006

Methanol extract of the rhizomes of turmeric, Curcuma longa L., effectively controlled the development of red pepper anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum coccodes. In addition three antifungal substances were identified from the methanol extract of C. longa rhizomes as curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin using mass and $^{1}H-NMR$ spectral analyses. The curcuminoids in a range $0.4-100\;{\mu}g/ml$ effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of three red pepper anthracnose pathogens, C. coccodes, C. gloeosporioides, and C. acutatum. The three curcuminoids inhibited mycelial growth of C. coccodes and C. gloeosporioides to an extent similar to the synthetic fungicide dithianon did, but the synthetic agent was a little more effective against C. acutatum. The curcuminoids also effectively inhibited spore germination of C. coccodes, and bisdemethoxycurcumin was the most active. Among the three curcuminoids, only demethoxycurcumin was effective in a greenhouse test in suppressing red pepper anthracnose caused by C. coccodes.