• 이베로아메리카
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.135-178
• /
• 2021

A teacher's talk does not make a simple delivery of information. It reflects the role of the teacher, since the language used by a teacher intervenes in a crucial way in the complex mechanisms that underlie teaching and learning of foreign languages. In this sense, the ways in which teachers give feedback have an impact on the process, not only of learning, but also of teaching. The important role of emotional factors in learning has resonated strongly in the intuition of many second and foreign language teachers. As a result, over the past three decades, research on foreign language acquisition has confirmed the hypothesis that language learning is enhanced by rapport between teacher and student. This study analyses the positive feedback given by native Spanish teachers in the context of university classes in Korea. The positive words from a language teacher are related to forming emotional factors such as motivation, attitude, interest, self-confidence, self-esteem, anxiety, and empathy, which directly influence in the acquisition of Spanish. 35 hours of oral practical classes taught by three native teachers of Colombian, Spanish and Mexican nationality were examined. According to the result, almost all the correct answers from students were corresponded with some type of positive feedback. The most frequent strategies are making a compliment, an approval, a repetition, and laughter or non-verbal cues. It is interesting to observe that teachers don't use only a single strategy to provide positive feedback, but instead combine multiple ways to enrich the positiveness of the feedback.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.37-47
• /
• 2023

Indirect determination of pan evaporation (PE) has been highly regarded, due to the advantages of intelligent models employed for this objective. This work pursues improving the reliability of a popular intelligent model, namely multi-layer perceptron (MLP) through surmounting its computational knots. Available climatic data of Fresno weather station (California, USA) is used for this study. In the first step, testing several most common trainers of the MLP revealed the superiority of the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm. It, therefore, is considered as the classical training approach. Next, the optimum configurations of two metaheuristic algorithms, namely cuttlefish optimization algorithm (CFOA) and teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO) are incorporated to optimally train the MLP. In these two models, the LM is replaced with metaheuristic strategies. Overall, the results demonstrated the high competency of the MLP (correlations above 0.997) in the presence of all three strategies. It was also observed that the TLBO enhances the learning and prediction accuracy of the classical MLP (by nearly 7.7% and 9.2%, respectively), while the CFOA performed weaker than LM. Moreover, a comparison between the efficiency of the used metaheuristic optimizers showed that the TLBO is a more time-effective technique for predicting the PE. Hence, it can serve as a promising approach for indirect PE analysis.

• 공학교육연구
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.142-149
• /
• 2009

본 논문은 공과대학 공학설계 교과목의 기존 수업 운영 방법 즉, 프로젝트-중심 수업 전략과 PBL 모형을 도입한 문제-중심 수업 전략을 비교 분석하여 알려진 PBL모형의 수업 효과가 만족되었는지, 팀 수업 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인들이 무엇인지 탐색하기 위한 것이다. 전자공학전공 학생들을 대상으로 동일 공학설계 교과목을 기존의 프로젝트-중심 수업과 문제-중심 수업으로 운영한 후 전수 조사하였다. 그 결과, 문제-중심 수업에서 창의적 문제해결력, 자기주도 학습능력 요인이 프로젝트-중심 수업보다 통계적 유의함이 검증되었다. 또한 팀워크 능력, 창의적 문제해결력, 의사소통능력, 자기주도 학습능력 요인들의 평균이 더욱 높아 수업효과가 더 높았음을 알 수 있다. 팀 수업 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인에서 전자는 팀 활동, 후자는 팀 과제내용 이해도가 가장 큰 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타나 두 집단의 수업만족도에 가장 큰 영향력을 미치는 요인의 차이가 있음이 확인되었다.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
• /
• 제29권
• /
• pp.257-279
• /
• 1995

Cooperative program planning and teaching is a strategy for developing and implementing resource based learning. This approach combines the classroom teacher's subject expertise and knowledge of the students with the teacher­librarian's specialized knowledge of the availability and use of learning materials. And the purpose of cooperative program planning is to develop learning experiences or units of study that effectively integrate the student's resource center activities with other learning experiences. There are also some conditions that are conducive to effective planning sessions. First, the teacher-librarian must be prepared to initiate planning with teachers, rather than waiting for teachers to come to them. Second, the teacher-librarian must be prepared to present suggestions in such a way that the teacher can respond. The purpose of this study is (1) to investigate the planning process of cooperative program planning and teaching in the previous studies and (2) to find general problems when the cooperative program planning and teaching apply in actual situation. For these purposes, I chose a school library and a teacher-librarian in Seoul to observe how this cooperative program planning and teaching carry out in the school library. Main findings are summarized as follows: (1) A teacher who teaches alone for one grade is more proper to carry out the cooperative program planning and teaching. Young teachers are usually more active to change their teaching methods. (2) The cooperative program planning and teaching is a program what needs a lot of materials. When there is no right reference book in a school library, it would be good to access DB through PC telecommunication. It is also possile to contact lirarians who work in large public libraries or university libraries. (3) The cooerative program planning and teaching needs cooperative working between a teacher-librarian and a teacher. Thus a teacher-librarian should be in his school in the day time like the other teachers for the program's planning process. ( 4) There has to be a guide to change into resource based learning in teaching method. Thus the Korean Library Association or Korean Library and Information Science Society should offer a seminar or a workshop about cooperative program planning and teaching for the teacher-librarians. (5) It needs a system that a teacher-librarian can know about student's assignments so that he can prepare reference books for them. (6) The school library can be able to offer excellent service like cooperative program planning and teaching to the teachers and students according to a teacher-librarian's enthusiasm.

• 영어어문교육
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.89-112
• /
• 2005

This study investigated the effects of collocation-based vocabulary instruction for the experimental group (G2). It was compared to the traditional wordlist-based vocabulary instruction for the control group (G1). This results reflect the development of low level high school EFL learners' vocabulary learning strategy use and the positive change in the affective domain. In the analysis of the survey responses, G1 and G2 did not differ significantly on the first questionnaire. They did, however, differ significantly on the second questionnaire. G2 used more strategies to discover and to consolidate the meaning of the words by means of combining words. In terms of the affective domain, G2 participated more actively in the learning activities, which had a significant effect on vocabulary growth, memory, self-confidence, motivation, and cooperative learning. This is attributable to the fact that G2 was more inquisitive, interested, challenged, participatory, cooperative, and attentive than G1 in performing the vocabulary task activities. Moreover, the data collected from the questionnaire showed that G2 performed more interactive and dynamic activities in solving the given tasks.

• 의학교육논단
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.126-131
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the medical education system of Korea and to propose a method of curriculum redesign. Although there have been many attempts by medical educators to improve the quality of medical education, the results have not been fruitful. First, there exists a limitation to the dualistic curriculum design based on Flexnerianism, and thus, this model does not provide an integrated experience to medical students. Therefore, we propose a unidimensional model for curriculum redesign. Second, it is impossible to promote excellence in medical education without solving the structural problems of teaching and learning, such as the teaching competency of the faculty, large-scale lectures, and team teaching systems. A curricular strategy that emphasizes mutual interaction and teaching accountability is necessary to promote meaningful learning. Third, the current clinical training system, the circulation model, provides incomplete training as well as a lack of sequence and articulation experiences. This system needs to be redesigned in a way that allows only those students who have mastered both the knowledge and the application of medical education to advance to the next step. Fourth, norm-referenced assessments of a medical college distort the learning process and create unconstructive system energy. A criterion-referenced assessment that values cooperation, independent study, and intrinsic motivation is more important for the reliability and validity of the assessment. Medical students should not focus on formative and informative learning. Medical colleges should investigate the multifaceted potential of the students and provide transformative learning to grow students into change agents. For this to take place, curriculum redesign-not new methods of medical education-is required.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.49-62
• /
• 2009

평생교육기관의 역할을 수행하고 있는 방송통신고등학교의 특별활동은 제반 여건의 부족과 수업 연구에 대한 부족으로 사실상 운영되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 방송고 특별활동의 효과적인 운영 방안을 탐색하기 위하여 특별활동 온라인 콘텐츠를 방송고에 시범 적용하였으며, 그 결과 수업 운영에 필요한 시사점을 도출하였다. 이러한 시사점을 바탕으로 방송고 특별활동 운영에 필요한 5가지 Blended-Learning 영역을 선정하였으며, 이 중 방송고 특별활동에 맞는 교수 학습 방법과 전략을 블랜딩한 직접교수모형을 구안하였다. 따라서 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 방송고 학생의 특수성과 특별활동 내용상의 특성을 반영한 방송고 특별활동 Blended-Learning 수업 모형을 개발하였다.

• 실천공학교육논문지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.103-111
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 4차산업직종 교육훈련방식 변화 요구에 맞춰 플립러닝 운영사례를 적용해봄으로써 직업교육훈련방식의 변화가능성과 교수학습 지원의 시사점을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 공공직업교육기관인 P대학 융합기술교육원 임베디드 시스템과, 대졸자 대상 직업교육훈련과정 중 총 2개의 학습모듈에 플립러닝 전략을 적용하여 시범운영 수업을 진행하였다. 그 결과, 플립러닝 적용에 대한 학습만족도는 평균 4.0, 수업추천 의향은 평균 4.2로 나타났으며, 기존 강의식수업과 비교했을 때, 교육훈련생 56.1%가 플립러닝 수업에서 몰입도가 더 높았고, 교육훈련생 36.9%가 학습 에너지는 더 소모된다고 응답하였다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 4차산업직종 교육훈련방식 적용을 위한 사전학습 참여에 대한 제도의 필요성, 플립러닝 지원을 위한 교수학습 역량강화 방안을 제안하였다.

• 정보교육학회논문지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.613-628
• /
• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 초등 과학영재 학생들을 대상으로 코딩블록(MODI)을 활용한 피지컬 컴퓨팅 교수 학습을 진행하고 그 결과를 분석함으로써 영재 학생들의 컴퓨팅 사고력을 신장시킬 수 있는 교수 학습 방법에 대한 시사점을 얻는 데 있다. 이 연구를 위하여 국제 교육성취도 평가 협회(IEA)에서 개발한 컴퓨터 정보 소양 평가 기준으로부터 MODI를 활용한 수업의 학습목표를 설정하였고, 학습목표에 따라 MODI를 활용한 피지컬 컴퓨팅 교수 학습 프로그램을 개발하였다. 또한 연구 개발한 프로그램은 전문가를 대상으로 타당도를 확인하였다. 개발된 프로그램을 이용하여 S교육대학교 초등 과학영재교육원 4~6학년 15명을 대상으로 코딩블록(MODI)을 활용한 피지컬 컴퓨팅 수업을 32차시 실시하였으며, 교수 학습 과정을 담은 수업 동영상 및 수업관찰 일지, 교사와 학생 설문지 및 면담 등의 자료를 수집하여 질적으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과를 근거로 학교교육 현장에서 코딩블록(MODI)을 활용한 피지컬 컴퓨팅 교수 학습과정에 대한 시사점을 제시하였으며, 창의적인 아이디어를 구현하는 코딩 교육을 통하여 컴퓨팅 사고력의 확장을 모색하였다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.579-586
• /
• 2003

The goal of community health nursing courses is to prepare student nurses so that they become able to perform a variety of nursing roles in community. To achieve this goal, programs for community health nursing must develop students' abilities to function independently as community health nurses. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Problem-based Learning(PBL) as a teaching method in programs for community health nursing at four-year colleges of nursing. The subjects of this study were senior students at Y University. The study was designed as a descriptive & comparative survey. To determine the effectiveness of PBL, the author analyzed the process and results of teaching. The PBL teaching method was found to be significantly effective in building critical thinking abilities and increasing knowledge. The results also showed that the 43 students who were taught by both PBL and lecture teaching methods got a significantly higher' knowledge score than the other 28 students who were taught only by lectures. As for the future direction of community health nursing courses, a teaching strategy involving both PBL and lectures is recommended.