• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.267-280
• /
• 2023

The relationship between the state and taxation starts from the establishment of the state. The most important element is the concept of "tax compliance". Tax compliance can be considered as the harmony of state-society relations. However, the concept of tax non-compliance occurs when taxpayers do not fulfill their tax-related tasks as required. Tax noncompliance is just one of the costs that occur in tax systems, and is named "tax compliance cost" in the literature. This study focuses on tax compliance costs because tax compliance costs are the ones taxpayers are personally obliged to deal with. For this purpose, the study investigates costs accruing from tax systems, including efficiency, planning, application, and compliance costs. According to the analysis results, it was concluded that the main reason for fraud in the tax systems is high compliance costs and that tax compliance directly impacts social wealth. Besides, the existence of conditions conducive to tax evasion and tax avoidance in a country, short-term tax policies, belief in the unfairness and inequality of tax systems, inadequacy of audits conducted by tax authorities, insufficiency of pressure and deterrence mechanisms, constantly changing legislation, and the attitudes and perceptions regarding the illegitimacy of the government determine tax compliance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the key factors affecting tax compliance among Vietnamese firms in Vietnam. We employ both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative research has been carried out through focus group discussions with ten chief accountants and tax officers. Quantitative research has been conducted through interviews with 200 firms (chief accountants or financial directors) in Vietnam. Analysis of the model includes the following stages: (i) Cronbach's test for reliability of the scale, (ii) exploratory factor analysis (EFA), (iii) confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and (iv) structural equation model (SEM). The results of the research show that voluntary tax compliance is directly affected by the three factors of audit probability, corporate reputation and business ownership. The probability of audit and severity of sanctions have the strongest impact on tax compliance. Therefore, the tax authorities need to strengthen the inspection of tax declarations, tax payments and tax refunds of firms. The paper confirms that enforced tax compliance is directly affected by the three factors of audit probability, sanction severity and social norms. Voluntary compliance and compulsory compliance have an effect on tax compliance, though voluntary compliance has a more powerful impact.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권5호
• /
• pp.717-725
• /
• 2021

The study answers the awareness of taxpayers, tax authority services, tax socialization, tax collection, and account representative's controlling (monitoring) for compliance of the corporate Taxpayer. The study also examines the moderating effect of the tax audit to control the corporate Taxpayer's compliance. In this study, the method of non-probability sampling was used. The research data was gathered by handing out questionnaires at the Medan Kota Tax Office in Indonesia. The SEM method was used for data analysis through Lisrel 8.8 program. The findings of the study concluded that tax collection has a significant positive effect on corporate taxpayer's compliance and Tax audit moderates the relation between tax authority services and the account representative's controlling (monitoring) with corporate taxpayers' compliance. Also, tax socialization and account representative's controlling (monitoring) have a positive effect on the corporate taxpayer's compliance. In contrast, variables of taxpayer's awareness and tax authority services have a negative impact. Furthermore, tax audit does not moderate the relation between taxpayer awareness, tax socialization, and tax collection with the corporate taxpayer's compliance at Medan Kota Tax Office Indonesia. The findings suggest the Indonesian policymakers and tax authorities must create corporate legislation to handle compliance by leveraging the loopholes in tax legislation law and the tax audit system.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권7호
• /
• pp.187-198
• /
• 2020

This study investigates the determinants of the likelihood of a tax re-audit in Korea. It adopts a researcher-administered questionnaire survey method for data collection. The survey questionnaire is randomly distributed to 1,120 individuals with tax-related knowledge and experience. Using a final sample of 342 responses, we conduct a cross-sectional regression analysis to test our hypotheses. The results show that the level of tax non-compliance significantly affects the likelihood of a tax re-audit. This finding suggests that the increase in re-audits in Korea is attributable to the tendency of the tax authority to conduct a re-audit to detect taxpayers' non-compliance behavior by excessively broadening the scope of re-audits. This study also finds that the level of tax non-compliance is influenced by the perception of procedural unfairness, measured by operational inconsistency and regulatory lack of clarity. Lastly, the results reveal that the level of tax non-compliance mediates the relationship between the perception of procedural unfairness and likelihood of a tax re-audit. This finding indicates that enhancing procedural fairness could fundamentally reduce unnecessary re-audits that infringe on the rights of taxpayers, as the likelihood of a tax re-audit is not solely determined by the level of tax non-compliance but also by perceived procedural fairness.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.823-832
• /
• 2021

In Vietnam, tax compliance has become an important goal in the tax reform strategy. In the context of technology 4.0, the application of the electronic tax system is of great significance to small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The paper explores factors influencing electronic tax compliance of SMEs in Vietnam. Data from 402 SMEs, who are business taxpayers, was selected through a researcher-designed questionnaire survey method. The results indicate that four groups of factors have significant effects on electronic tax compliance among Vietnamese SMEs. These groups include Taxpayer Awareness (TA), Perceived Ease of use (PTE), Vietnamese tax administration (VTA,) and Efficiency of Vietnamese tax policy (VTP). The factor analysis was adopted; Cronbach's alpha coefficients were calculated, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used. The findings found that among these four groups, the most influencing factor is taxpayer awareness. It is suggested that the Vietnamese government should pay attention to promote and support SMEs to raise full awareness of tax obligations. This could be done through various methods such as conducting workshops for updating tax policies and short courses to business taxpayers of electronic tax compliance. The study is expected to provide some important implications for policy-makers and practitioners in tax policy reform in Vietnam.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.99-115
• /
• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 사회과학 전반에 걸쳐서 수행되고 있는 조세 분야의 대표적인 연구주제로서 조세순응, 납세의식, 성실납세(이하 "조세순응")에 관한 연구의 흐름을 정리함으로써 융합학문으로서 세무학의 지평을 확장하는 것이다. 이에 조세순응에 관한 국내 학술지 논문을 학제적 관점에서 종합적으로 분석하기 위하여 텍스트마이닝의 일환으로 토픽모델링 기법을 적용하였다. 데이터 수집-키워드 전처리-토픽모델 분석의 흐름으로 총 347편의 논문에 연구자가 등록한 조세순응 관련 키워드들로부터 잠재적인 연구주제를 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 분석 결과로 첫째, 키워드 분석에서는 세무조사, 조세회피, 성실신고확인제도 등의 키워드가 단순 빈도 기준으로 상위 5개 키워드에 포함되었고, 키워드의 상대적 중요도를 감안한 TF-IDF 값에서도 상위 5개 키워드에 포함되었다. 한편 탈세라는 키워드는 단순빈도에서 부각되지 않은 것에 비해 TF-IDF 값 기준으로 상위 키워드에 포함되었다. 둘째, 토픽모델링을 통해 잠재적인 8개의 연구주제를 도출하였다. 해당 주제는 (1) 조세공정성과 조세범칙행위의 억제, (2) 조세법의 이념과 조세정책의 타당성, (3) 실질과세원칙과 조세채권의 담보 (4) 납세협력비용과 세무행정 서비스, (5) 신고납세제도와 세무전문가, (6) 조세풍토와 전략적 조세행동, (7) 조세행동의 다면성과 차별적 순응의도, (8) 과세정보시스템과 효율적 세원관리와 같다. 본 연구는 학문 간의 경계를 넘어 조세순응이라는 주제어를 바라보는 다양한 관점을 포괄적으로 조망함으로써 학제간 소통의 기회를 마련하고 합리적인 조세제도를 구축하는데 실천적 시사점을 제시하고자 하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권7호
• /
• pp.209-217
• /
• 2020

Taxes are levied in almost every country, primarily to raise revenue for government expenditures. This study explores factors influencing tax compliance of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. Data from 376 SMEs, who are business taxpayers, were collected through a researcher-administered questionnaire survey method. The results indicate that six groups of factors have significant impacts on tax compliance among Vietnamese SMEs. These groups include: Business characteristics (BC), Characteristics of accounting practices within organization (AP), Awareness of tax obligations (TO), Tax policy (TP), View on tax compliance (TC), and Probability of tax examination on taxpayer compliance (TE). Multivariate analysis was adopted; Cronbach's alpha coefficients were calculated, then, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used. The findings show that, among these six factors, the most influential is Characteristics of accounting practices (AP). Thus, it is recommended that tax agencies should help SMEs improve their accounting skills and increase their knowledge by organizing training workshops and short courses on taxation. SMEs also need to have an adequate accounting system in accordance with principles and standards prescribed by the Tax Law. It is expected that this study can provide important insights and understandings to policy-makers, practitioners, academicians and other regulatory authorities in tax policy formulations.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.102-121
• /
• 2024

Trust is essential for tax compliance. Various tax management issues might diminish taxpayer trust. As a result, as a measure of transparency in the services of the Indonesia's Directorate General of Taxes (DGT), a method for filing various taxpayer complaints is necessary. Whistleblowing is a service given by the DGT that accepts taxpayer issues and complaints. It may be accessed on the DGT's official website. This strategy was intended to increase compliance by instilling trust among taxpayers. This study aims to show how whistleblowing affects tax compliance by utilizing trust as a mediating variable. The study relied on 400 questionnaires issued directly to East Java I DGT Region taxpayers. SEM-PLS with the Smart-PLS tool was utilized for data analysis. According to the study's findings, whistleblowing positively impacts tax compliance, and trust partially mediates the effect of whistleblowing on tax compliance. The outcomes of this study provide empirical proof for the Slippery Slope Framework's contention that building trust is an essential technique for increasing taxpayer compliance.

• 경영과정보연구
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.21-39
• /
• 2009

이 연구는 국가별로 납세자들의 납세순응수준을 결정하는 요인들에 대한 분석을 통하여 납세순응수준을 높이기 위한 대안을 모색하는 것이며 이를 위하여 납세자의 조세윤리(tax morale)의 결정요인으로 경제적인 요소뿐만 아니라 Hofstede (1980)의 문화적인 요소가 조세순응(tax compliance)의 현상을 설명하는지 국제적으로 다르게 나타나는가를 실증분석을 통하여 조세순응의 결정요인을 확인하는데 그 목적이 있다 이를 위하여 38개국 5년간 총 190개의 관측치를 이용하여 검증하였으며 검증결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 효율적 경쟁법(effective competition law)의 수준이 높을수록, 경제적 자유수준이 높을수록, 정부정책의 투명성이 높을수록 조세순응수준이 높은 것으로 검증되었다. 반면에 지하경제규모가 클수록, 권력거리의 성향이 클수록 조세순응수준이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과는 납세자는 왜 세무당국자에게 조세와 관련하여 저항하고 또한 조세순응(tax compliance)의 상황이 왜 나라마다 차이가 나는가에 대한 원인을 규명하여 납세순응도를 높이기 위한 정책대안이 될 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권8호
• /
• pp.103-115
• /
• 2020

In many countries, the Government enacts tax laws in order to manage tax collection and regulate the macro-economy. According to Noor, Jamaludin, Omar, and Aziz (2013), tax non-compliance is a growing concern because of its negative effects on the state budget. The main objectives of this article are to identify the factors affecting corporate income tax non-compliance of enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City in accordance with the current situation of Vietnamese tax administration. We use several research methods, including the exploitation of information and practical experiences from both taxpayers and tax authorities; with Probit regression model on a sample of 187 enterprises that have been inspected or examined by tax authorities in Vietnam during the period from 2013 to 2017.The article identified eight factors affecting corporate income tax (CIT) non-compliance: (1) working capital/total assets; (2) revenue/total assets; (3) total debt/total assets; (4) loss in the previous year; (5) receivables/revenue; (6) the size of enterprises; (7) tax administrative penalties/tax payable; and (8) business field. In particular, the tax non-compliance was studied as a violation of Vietnamese tax laws by enterprises declaring an insufficient amount of CIT payable to the State budget.