• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.665-671
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• 2018

This paper represents an investigation into the pattern of carbon transportation and composition on an open estuary in the transition zone between the river and marine environment in Tamjin River where stream water flows into the Gangjin Bay. To conduct the study, seven plots were established along an environmental gradient from river and estuary to the ocean. Surface water samples were collected thrice during the summer rainfalls and non-flooding seasons in 2017. The samples were then measured for the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon ([DOC]), particulate organic carbon ([POC]) and dissolved inorganic carbon ([DIC]). An analysis of the results showed that [POC] did not increase in the river even during the summer rainfall. However, [DOC] increased resulting in a higher [DOC]:[POC] ratios for the non-flooding season compared to summer rainfall events. On the other hand, the marine site of the estuary bay showed the highest [DIC] which was stable relative to those of river sites. The results suggest that in an open estuary zone, river and ocean supplied the open estuary zone with different types of carbon materials; mainly DOC supplied from the river and DIC sourced from the ocean.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2015

Pre-monsoon dynamics of zooplankton community were investigated in the estuary of the Tamjin River flowing into the Doam Bay of the southern coast of Korea. Monthly sampling was carried out to collect zooplankters at five sites in the estuary and the river during the period between March and June 2014. Dissolved oxygen contents were low between $5.0{\sim}7.0mgL^{-1}$ in the estuary and high, 7.0~11.0, in the river. Water temperature increased gradually from 12.0 to $28.0^{\circ}C$ and pH fluctuated between the range 7.4~8.8, respectively. A total of 85 taxa consisted of 25 species of rotifer, 30 kinds of copepod, 8 species of cladoceran, six kinds of aquatic insect larvae, four kinds of decapod and two kinds of Cirripedia larvae and Polychaeta larvae and one kind of Amphipoda, Ispopoda, Appenidicularia, Nematoda and Cnidaria, and Nocticluca scintillans was occurred. Brackish copepods distributed at almost all studied sites with freshwater zooplankters being restricted to upper waters of the river. Monthly succession of Acartia spp. was observed in the estuary with the occurrence of A. hudsonica in March and April then A. omori in May and June. Zooplankton abundance showed to vary from 450 to $87,818ind\;m^{-3}$ due to the explosion of copepodite and copepod nauplius in the estuary. Species diversity indices varied between 0.6~2.3 and generally low in the estuary and high in the river. Sea water input into the river seems to affect the river biota for more than some kilometers of the upper waters of the Tamjin River.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.579-603
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• 2020

In order to provide fundamental information about the floristic composition of the area along with an assessment of the environmental impact, a floristic study of the vascular plants in the Tamjin River estuary in Gangjin-gun was conducted for a total of nine days, in the period from June 2014 to September 2014. We found that the vascular plants in this region comprised 424 taxa belong to 102 families, 281 genera, 390 species, 5 subspecies, 26 varieties, and 3 forma. Five taxa of Korean endemic plants including Weigela subsessilis (Nakai) L.H.Bailey, Lespedeza maximowiczii var. tricolor (Nakai) Nakai, and Clematis trichotoma Nakai were collected. Two least concern (LC) taxa of rare plants (as designated by the Korea Forest Service) were collected: Hydrocharis dubia (Blume) Backer and Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco. Ten the floristic regional indicator taxa from the third to the fifth grade were identified: two taxa belonged to grade IV, and eight taxa belonged to grade III. Twenty-four taxa of salt-tolerant plants, including Artemisia fukudo Makino, Carex rugulosa Kuk., and Suaeda glauca (Bunge) Bunge, as well as 44 taxa of aquatic plants, including Najas marina L., Nuphar oguraensis Miki, and Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze, were investigated in this region. Fifty-nine taxa of naturalized plants were recorded, among which the following six taxa were plants that caused ecosystem disturbance: Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Humulus scandens (Lour.) Merr., Lactuca scariola L., Rumex acetosella L., Solidago altissima L., and Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) G.L.Nesom.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.422-431
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• 2017

The biogeochemical information of riverine organic matter gives a detailed and integrated recording of natural and anthropogenic activity within a watershed. To investigate the changes in quality and quantity of organic carbon transporting from mountain to ocean via river channels, we estimated the concentrations of dissolved (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC), and then traced the source origin of POC using stable carbon isotopes ratio before and after summer rainfalls in the Tamjin River and Ganjin Bay, Korea. Along the small watershed, a total of 13 sites including headwaters, dam reservoir, river and estuary were established for the study. We found some interesting findings in the aspect of distribution of DOC/POC concentration changing their origin sources dynamically flowing downstream. In particular, the river channel transport downstream mainly DOC to river mouth, although upper dam reservoir increased POC concentration by phytoplankton production in summer. Whereas, in the river mouth and estuary, POC was dominated not only by local supply from nearby reed saltmarsh, but also by marine phytoplankton production, respectively. The findings can contribute to increasing the understanding of riverine organic carbon transport in upper large dam and lower open estuary system.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.1001-1010
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• 2009

To investigate the ichthyofauna and habitat type of the fish in Tamjin River system, Korea, fishes were collected with cast net ($5{\times}5\;mm$, $8{\times}8\;mm$) and dip net ($4{\times}4\;mm$) at eight stations seasonally during five years from 2000 to 2004. 56 species belonging to 18 families were collected and 15 Korean endemic species( 26.8%) were investigated. While Coreoperca kawamebari was occurred at every station, the number of individuals and composition were decreased. Anguilla marmorata was not collected and the exotic species didn't appeared. Dominant species were Zacco platypus(34.2%), Squalidus gracilis majimae (9.4%), Microphysogobio yaluensis(8.1%), Zacco temmincki(6.8%) and Acheilognathus lanceolatus(5.1%). The surveyed stations were clustered into 3 groups: up stream, main stream and estuary. With the cluster analysis using the relative abundance of major fishes at each habitat, fishes were separated into 5 habitat types: U (upstream type), UM (up and main stream type), M (main stream), ME (main stream and estuarine type), and E (estuarine type).

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.274-294
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• 2007

The most reasonable method of counting the number of the estuaries in Korea may be counting the number of streams flowing into the sea. The number counting of the streams should be carried out based on the river classes (National River, Regional 1st Class River and Regional 2nd Class River) given by the River Act. The National River scale estuaries are totaled to thirteen, i.e. Han River(including Imjin River), Anseongcheon, Sapgyocheon, Geum River, Mankyeong River, Dongjin River, Yeoungsan River, Tamjin River, Seomjin River, Gawhacheon, Nakdong River(including West Nakdong River), Taewha River, and Hyeongsan River estuaries. The Regional 1st Class River scale estuaries are counted as four, i.e. Yeoungdeok Osipcheon, Samcheok Osipcheon, Gangneung Namdaecheon, and Yangyang Namdaecheon. While, the Regional 2nd Class River estuaries are arranged as the Province and counted as total 444; Jeonnam, Gyeongnam, Chungnam, Jeju Province have the 108, 94, 52, and 35 estuaries, respectively. The counted estuary numbers, however, can be slightly increased/decreased on what references are applied, e.g. whether or not including the streams lost estuary functions by the sea-dike construction or integrated nearby streams, and so on.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.599-599
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• 2015

최근 지구온난화로 인한 기후변화로 자연재해의 형태는 점차 대형화, 다양화 되고 있는 추세이다. 이와 같이 기후변화에 의한 강도 높은 국지성 집중호우의 영향으로 막대한 인명 및 재산 피해를 주고 있으며, 이를 최소화하기 위한 대안을 마련하기 위해서는 정확한 홍수량 산정과 홍수방지 시설물들이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 탐진강 하구부의 홍수방어계획 수립을 위해 가상의 분수로 설치 유무에 따른 수리특성을 비교 분석하고자 HEC-RAS모형과 RMA-2모형을 적용하여 모델링을 수행하였다. 먼저 1차원 수리모형인 HEC-RAS모형을 이용하여 탐진강 본류의 홍수위 저하 효과를 검토한 결과 현 상태와 비교했을 때 분수로 설치 시 홍수위가 최대 0.35m저하 되는 것으로 분석되었다. 2차원 수리모형인 RMA-2모형을 적용하기 위해 유한요소망을 구축하고 탐진강 본류 및 분수로의 흐름특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 분수로 분류 후 탐진강 본류의 유속 및 수위가 저하되는 것으로 나타났으며, 분수로의 유속은 대체적으로 3.0m/s이하로 분석되었다. 분수로 설치 시 탐진강 본류의 홍수량이 일부 감소하나 유사이송능력도 함께 감소하여, 탐진강 하구부 하상퇴적이 예상됨으로 향후 추가적인 연구를 통해 합리적인 홍수방어계획을 제시할 예정이다.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1183-1197
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• 2014

Doam Bay is an estuary where harmful algal blooms (HABs) such as red tides develop frequently in summer. The bay also is influenced by freshwater inflow from Tamjin River in upper regions as well as from an artificial lake in lower regions. Phytoplankton size and species composition were investigated at six stations located in the lower regions in April, June and July, 2007. Physical properties (temperature, salinity and SS) were intensively measured for 3 days (5 occasions) after the freshwater discharges from the dike. The freshwater discharge affected temperature, salinity and turbidity in the study sites adjacent to the freshwater lake. Phytoplankton biomass was larger in April than June and it increased more in July. An explicit shift of species composition was observed. Diatoms were dominant in April and June (>70%) whereas their abundances greatly decreased and chlorophytes increased in July. Pseudo-nitzschia sp. was dominant at all stations (except St. 2) and this change was also detected in ecological indices such as diversity and dominance index.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.549-556
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• 2017

Rivers continuously transport terrestrial organic carbon matter to the estuary and the ocean, and they play a critical role in productivity and biodiversity in the marine ecosystem as well as the global carbon cycle. The amount of terrestrial organic carbon transporting from the rivers to ocean is an essential piece of information, not only for the marine ecosystem management but also the carbon budget within catchment. However, this phenomenon is still not well understood. Most large rivers in Korea have a well-established national monitoring system of the river flow and the TOC (Total Organic Carbon) concentration from the mountain to the river mouth, which are fundamental for estimating the amount of the TOC flux. We estimated the flux of the total terrestrial organic carbon of five large rivers which flow out to the Yellow Sea, using the data of the national monitoring system (the monthly mean TOC concentration and the monthly runoff of river flow). We quantified the annual TOC flux of the five rivers, showing their results in the following order: the Han River ($18.0{\times}10^9gC\;yr^{-1}$)>>Geum River ($5.9{\times}10^9gC\;yr^{-1}$)>Yeongsan River ($2.6{\times}10^9gC\;yr^{-1}$)>Sumjin River ($2.0{\times}10^9gC\;yr^{-1}$)>>Tamjin River ($0.2{\times}10^9gC\;yr^{-1}$). The amount of the Han River, which is the highest in the Korean rivers, corresponds to be 4% of the annual total TOC flux of in the Yellow River, and moreover, to be 0.6% of Yangtze River.