• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.644-651
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• 2000

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of fractions of methanol(MeOH) extracts of Lycopus lucidic Turcz on hyperglycemia and energy metabolites in streptozotocin(STZ) diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-220 g by an injection of STZ dissolved in a citrate buffer into the tail vein at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight, and the rats were divided into 7 groups, that is, one normal group and 6 diabetic groups: STZ-control, hexane, chloroform(CHCl$\sub$3/). ethylacetate(EtOAc), butanol(BuOH) and H$\sub$2/O fraction-fed groups. All groups were fed an AIN-93 diet and the fractions of Lycopus lucidic Turcz were administered orally with 2 % Tween 80 for 14 days after the STZ injection. Body weight, diet intake and organ weights were monitored. The plasma levels of blood glucose, insulin and protein were determined. The plasma concentrations of cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acid were assayed. The plasma activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) were also measured. Body weight losses were observed by feeding the fractions of Lycopus lucidic Turcz in STZ experimental groups, and the kidney weight was increased. The extent of blood glucose decrement was significantly greater in the hexane and BuOH fraction-fed groups than STZ-control group. The plasma protein level was significantly lower in the H$\sub$2/O fraction-fed group. The plasma cholesterol level was decreased in BuOH and H$\sub$2/O fraction-fed groups compared with the STZ-control group. The levels of free fatty acids in the CHC1$\sub$3/ and H$\sub$2/O fraction-fed groups were significantly decreased(p<0.05). ALT activitiy of BuOH fraction-fed group was lower than control but it was not significantly different. These results suggest that the fractions of Lycopus lucidic Turcz are capable of lowering blood glucose and fat metabolites concentrations when administered to STZ-treated rats, and AST/ALT activity and insulin levels show the possibility of therapeutic use to diabetes mellitus.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.639-647
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• 1997

The hypoglycemic effects of five Korean wild vegetables, Aralia continentalis (A. con.), Castanea crenata (C. cre.), Xanthium strumarium (K, str.), Alisma canaliculatum (A. can,) and Eupatorium chinense var. simplicifolium for tripartium (E. tri) which have been utilized for the traditional remedies were investigated in this study. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by injections of streptozotocin (STZ) into the tail veins at a dose of 45 mg/kg. Five groups of STZ-induced diabetic rats were fed one of each experimental diet containing 10% of the Korean wild vegetable powder and normal and STZ-control rats were fed the control diet for five weeks. The body weight change, feed efficiency ratio (FER) and organ weights were compared. The plasma levels of glucose, protein, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, and aminotransferase activity were determined. Mineral (Ca, K, Mg, Na, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) contents of the Korean wild vegetables were analyzed. The body weight gain was higher in normal, C. cre., A. can. and E. tri. groups than in the diabetic control group. The FER of C. cre., A. can. and E. tri. groups was significantly higher (p.＜0.05) than that of diabetic control group. Liver weight was heavier in A. con., X. str. and A. can. groups compared with the diabetic control group. The weights of kidney were lighter in all five Korean wild vegetable groups than in the diabetic control group. After five weeks, the plasma glucose level tends to be decreased in A. con., A. can. and E. tri. groups. Plasma cholesterol level was decreased the Korean wild vegetables except for X. str. group. Plasma HDL- cholesterol level was significantly higher in A. con., A. can. and E. tri. groups compared with the diabetic control group. Plasma triglyceride and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in X. str. group compared with the diabetic control group. Mineral contents were higher in E. tri. (Ca, K, Na and Fe). The results suggest that the intakes of A. con., A. can. and E. tri. have a hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats showing the possibility as the valuable food resources for the prevention of diabetic mellitus.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.2396-2402
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• 2015

공기압축기는 공장 및 설비 가동에 사용되는 필수 장비로써 미국 산업용 전기의 약 30%를 소비하고 있으며, 소비전력 절감을 위해 고급화된 기술 방안들이 제시되고 있다. 압축공기 변화량의 진폭변동이 작을 경우 시스템 안정성이 증가하며, 소비전력을 절감시켜 효율적인 에너지 시스템 설계를 가능하게 한다. 일반적으로 통계적 분석에서는 데이터의 분포를 정규분포, 로그정규분포, 감마분포 등을 이용하여 나타내지만, 압축공기 변화량을 나타내는 데이터처럼 긴 꼬리를 가지는 경우, 한 가지의 분포를 적용하는 것은 적합하지 않을 수 있다. 이에 따라, 본 논문에서는 압축공기의 변화량과 관련된 데이터를 두 개의 영역으로 나눈 혼합분포함수를 적용하여 평균전력 절감 가능성을 제시하였다. 이는 압축공기 변화량이 충분히 큰 수를 초과하는 영역에서는 가우시안 분포보다는 일반 파레토 분포가 더 정확한 퀀타일 값을 추정하는 데에 적합하기 때문이다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.167-175
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• 2013

PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to investigate the capability of the combined model of traffic simulation, emission and air dispersion models on the impact analysis of air quality of mobile sources such as vehicles. METHODS : The improvement of the quality of life brings about the increasing interest of the public environment. Many endeavors including the travel demand management, the application of the state-of-the-art ITS technologies, the promotion of eco-friendly vehicles have been tried in transportation area to reduce the modal emissions. Especially, it is expected that the increasing number of eco-friendly vehicles in the road network would be able to reduce the pipe-tail emissions tremendously. From this perspective, we have performed a study on the impact analysis of the popularization of the eco-friendly vehicle in the place of the fossil fuel energy powered vehicles on the surrounding air quality using the combined framework of microscopic traffic simulation, emission and air dispersion model. RESULTS : The combined model successfully captured the effect of moving to the eco-friendly vehicles on the air quality, and the results showed that the increasing usage of eco-friendly vehicles can improve the surrounding air quality tremendously and that the air dispersion model plays a crucial role in the investigation of the air quality change around the main corridor. CONCLUSIONS : This study demonstrated the capability of the combined model showing the spatio-tempral change of emission concentration.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.337-345
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• 2012

One of representative Korean fisheries, jigging and angling has 5,700 vessels for squid and hairtail. Hairtail angling is the most typical fishery in Jeju and has an enormous impact on regional economy. However, the price hike in oil and labor costs triggered the necessity of developing a high efficient and energy saving fish luring lamp in recent times. For that reason, this study aimed to analyze the fishing performance of the aircooled LED lamp targeting hairtail angling fishery. The experiment was conducted from September through October in 2009-2011 for a 9.77 ton of fishing vessel setting up 100 lamps. The fishing performance was tested compared with 6 vessels using metal halide lamps in the same waters. As the LED lamp's performance goes up, different lamps were used in 2008 for 80W, 2009 for 120W and 2011 for 180W respectively. The catch and CPUE of the experimental vessel have gradually increased respectively taking the $4^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ place in 2009, the $4^{th}$ and $2^{nd}$ place in 2010, the $1^{st}$ and $1^{st}$ place in 2011 among the 7 vessels. In summary, the LED fishing lamp showed higher fishing performance than comparison groups. It saved 33% of oil consumption and cut down on operating expenses and greenhouse gases emission.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.207-218
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• 2017

Improving fuel consumption, particularly that of commercial vehicles, has become a global concern. The reduction in logistics cost has been a key issue in efforts to improve fuel economy and efficiency of transportation equipment. Typical technologies for reducing reduce fuel usage include air resistance reduction technologies, tire rolling resistance technologies, and idle technologies among others. Air resistance technology is a highly effective method that can be easily applied in a short period. As with air resistance technology, several devices involving side skirt, boat tail and gap fairing have been developed based on an analytical 3-D modeling technique for reducing air resistance attributed to the vehicle configuration. The devices were on a 45 feet tractor-trailer and the emission test was done using PEMS equipment. Fuel economy was evaluated by introducing several devices to reduce outer air resistance. The test was conducted by changing the experimental method of SAE J1321 Joint TMC/SAE Fuel Consumption Test Procedure - Type II test. As a result, air resistance decreased by at least 15 % and fuel economy improved by at least 13 %. This study sought to reduce greenhouse gas and improve fuel economy by applying several devices to a test vehicle to lower air resistance.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1047-1053
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• 2009

The future use of hydrogen as an energy source is expected to increase on account of its environmentally friendliness. In order to enhance the production of hydrogen, Pd ions (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 mol%) were incorporated $TiO_2$ (Pd-$TiO_2$) and used as a photocatalyst. The UV-visible absorbance decreased with increasing level of palladium incorporation without a wavelength shift. Although all the absorption plots showed excitation characteristics, there was an asymmetric tail observed towards a higher wavelength caused by scattering. However, the intensity of the photoluminescence (PL) curves of Pd-$TiO_2$ was smaller, with the smallest case being observed at 0.1 and 0.5 mol% Pd-$TiO_2$, which was attributedto recombination between the excited electrons and holes. Based on these optical characteristics, the evolution of $H_2$ from methanol/water (1:1) photo-splitting over Pd-$TiO_2$ in the liquid system was enhanced, compared with that over pure $TiO_2$. In particular, 2.4 mL of $H_2$ gas was produced after 8 h when 0.5 g of a 1.0 mol% Pd-$TiO_2$ catalyst was used. $H_2$ was stably evolved even after 28 h without catalytic deactivation, and the amount of $H_2$ produced reached 14.5 mL after 28 h. This is in contrast to the case of the Pd 0.1 mol% impregnated $TiO_2$ of $H_2$ evolution of 17.5 mL due to the more decreasedelectron-hole recombination.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.153-164
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• 1979

A total of 352 specimens of congeneric species of Agkistrodon was collected and morphometric analysis and starch-gel electrophoresis were carried out in order to investigate the taxonomic status of this genus. The results obtained in this study are as follows: Morphometric analysis 1. Three species are recognized based on Gloyd's criteria. There was no specimen that was doubtful to classify correctly. Therefore, it seems that Gloyd's morphological characters are good criteria to identify each species. 2. All three species are sympatric at two localities (Mt. Seolag, Gangwon-do, and Mt. Deogyu, Jeonra-bugdo) and A. caligino년 and A. b. brevicaudus are sympatric at Gwangneung and Mt. Yongmun, Gyonggi-do. No hybrids were found in these sympatric localities. 3. Notable sexual dimorphism was found in meristic characters. 4. A. saxatilis has signicantly more number of ventrals and shorter tail ratio than other two species. 5. There were no significant meristic character differences between A. caligino년 and A. b. brevicaudus. Genetic analysis 1. Among 26 loci investigated, 12 loci (46.1%) were identical in their mobility, 4 loci (15.4%) were nearly identical with minor frequency differences, and 10 loci (38.5%) showed interspecific mobility difference. 2. The average proportion of polymorphic loci was 9.03%. This is considerably less than that of other vertebrates. 3. The average S and D values between species are .695 and .342 respectively. These values indicate that three taxa are distinct species. 4. A. caliginosus is genetically more related to A. saxatilis than to Agkistrodon, namely A. b. brevicaudus, A. caligino년 and A. saxatilis, as proposed by Gloyd. Far from being mere morphological variants, as suggested by Kang and Yoon (1975), they are highly distinctive evolutionary units.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2014

Self-piercing riveting(SPR) is a mechanical fastening technique which is put pressure on the rivet for joining the sheets. Unlike a spot welding, SPR joining does not make the harmful gas and $CO_2$ and needs less energy consumption. In this study, static and fatigue tests were conducted using tensile-shear specimens with Al-5052 plates for evaluation of fatigue strength of the SPR joints. During SPR joining process for the specimen, using the current sheet thickness and a rivet, the optimal applied punching force was found to be 21 kN. And, the maximum static strength of the specimen produced at the optimal punching force was 3430 N. During the fatigue tests for the specimens, interface failure mode occurred on the top substrate close to the rivet head in the most high-loading range region, but on the bottom substrate close to the rivet tail in the low -loading range region. There was a relationship between applied load amplitude $P_{amp}$ and lifetime of cycle N for the tensile-shear, $P_{amp}=3395.5{\times}N^{-0.078}$. Using the stress-strain curve of the Al-5052 from tensile test, the simulations for fatigue specimens have been carried out using the implicit finite element code ABAQUS. The relation between von-Mises equivalent stress amplitude and number of cycles was found to be ${\sigma}_{eq}=514.7{\times}N^{-0.033}$.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.718-722
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• 2008

Elaeocarpus sylvestris var. ellipticus (E.S.), which contains 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG), is reported to have the ability to scavenge oxygen radicals, thereby protecting rat neuronal cells from oxidative damage. The potential of an E.S. extract, which contains a rich PGG, to protect radiosensitive lymphocytes and intestinal crypt cells from radiation injury induced by a single whole-body irradiation (WBI) in vivo was investigated. Our results demonstrated that in immune cells, E.S. treatment decreased the percent of tail DNA, a parameter of DNA damage, compared with levels in untreated, irradiated controls. Furthermore, apoptosis was significantly decreased in lymphocytes and intestinal crypt cells of E.S.-treated mice compared with irradiated controls. These results suggest that the E.S. extract can strengthen the radioresistance of radiosensitive lymphocytes and crypt cells by preventing apoptosis. Therefore, it was concluded that E.S. extract has the radioprotective effects in vivo through an inhibition of apoptosis.