• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.9C
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• pp.537-545
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• 2011

This paper analyzed performance of three dimensional turbo code and turbo ${\Phi}$ codes proposed in the next generation DVB-RCS systems. In the view of turbo ${\Phi}$ codes, we proposed the optimal permutation and puncturing patterns for triple binary input data. We also proposed optimal post-encoder types and interleaving algorithm for three dimensional turbo codes. Based on optimal parameters, we simulated both turbo codes, and we confirmed that the performance of turbo ${\Phi}$ codes are better than that of three dimensional turbo codes. However, the complexity of turbo ${\Phi}$ is more complex than that of three dimensional turbo codes by 18%.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.2C
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• pp.148-154
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• 2010

In this paper, we first review LDPC codes in general and a belief propagation algorithm that works in logarithm domain. LDPC codes, which is chosen 802.11n for wireless local access network(WLAN) standard are required a large number of computation due to large size of coded block and iteration. Therefore, we presented three kinds of low computational algorithm for LDPC codes. First, sequential decoding with partial group is proposed. It has same H/W complexity, and fewer number of iteration's are required at same performance in comparison with conventional decoder algorithm. Secondly, we have apply early stop algorithm. This method is reduced number of unnecessary iteration. Third, early detection method for reducing the computational complexity is proposed. Using a confidence criterion, some bit nodes and check node edges are detected early on during decoding. Through the simulation, we knew that the iteration number are reduced by half using subset algorithm and early stop algorithm is reduced more than one iteration and computational complexity of early detected method is about 30% offs in case of check node update, 94% offs in case of check node update compared to conventional scheme.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.210-218
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• 2020

Vessel sealing is a medical device that converts electrical or ultrasonic energy into thermal energy and leads to seal, coagulate, and cut the vessel by protein modification within the walls or surrounding connective tissues. As most of surgeries have recently been conducted with minimally invasive surgery, the demand and market for vessel sealing are expected to get bigger. However, there is a problem that electrosurgical or ultrasonic surgical is applied and we have a high risk to evaluate the strength of seal, because the collateral and particular standards currently in force follows have not been establish. Therefore, in this study, we investigated some papers studied on the efficacy and safety of the device, the guidance of FDA and test papers previously conducted from 3 individual subject device made in Korea. We found there is a relationship between burst pressure and the performance of the device, therefore, we propose the vascular bursting pressure test for evaluating the safety and performance of the vessel sealing.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.829-838
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• 2008

In this study, cyclic tests of beam-column connections composed with members applicable to the domestic low-middle rise steel buildings were conducted to develop seismic connection details and its evaluation. Connection types and material properties of the steel were testing variables and the difference between the newly developed seismic rolled section (SHN490) and existing rolled section (SM490) was also investigated. Distributions of the yield strength and the ultimate strength of the SHN490 rolled section were relatively uniform comparing to those of the SM490 rolled section Brittle fracture in the weldments of the test specimens was not observed. Instead, fracture occurred at heat-affected zones or the stress-concentrated point near the weld access hole of the beam flanges. In the case of identical rolled-section specimens, the rotational capacity and dissipated energy of the WUF-W connection was larger than those of the WUF-B connection. In the case of identical connection types, the rotational capacity and dissipated energy of the SHN490 section connection was larger than those of the WUF-B section connection.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.268-272
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of reconstruction kernel, and slice thickness on the accuracy of spiral CT-based volume assessment over a range of object sizes typical of synthetic simulated tumor. Spiral CT scanning was performed at various reconstruction kernels (soft tissue, standard, bone), and slice thickness (1, 2, 3 mm) using a phantom made of gelatin and 10 synthetic simulated tumors of different sizes (diameter 3.0-12.0 mm). Three-dimensional volume assessments were obtained using an automated software tool. Results were compared with the reference volume by calculating the percentage error. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and setting statistical significance at P < 0.05. In general, smaller slice thickness and larger sphere diameters produced more accurate volume assessment than larger slice thickness and smaller sphere diameter. The measured volumes were larger than the actual volumes by a common factor depending on slice thickness; in 100HU simulated tumors that had statistically significant, 1 mm slice thickness produced on average 27.41%, 2 mm slice thickness produced 45.61%, 3 mm slice thickness produced 93.36% overestimates of volume. However, there was no statistically significant difference in volume error for spiral CT scans taken with techniques where only reconstruction kernel was changed. These results supported that synthetic simulated tumor size, slice thickness were significant parameters in determining volume measurement errors. For an accurate volumetric measurement of an object, it is critical to select an appropriate slice thickness and to consider the size of an object.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.333-337
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• 2000

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma(MFH) is a deep-seated pleomorphic sarcoma, which occurs principally as a mass of the extremities, abdominal cavity, or retroperitoneum in adults. However, it only rarely occurs in the chest wall. An 85-year-old man had undeergone excision of a small mass on the right posterior chest wall under local anesthesia 14 months age. However, the lesion did not heal and the mass recurred. He was referred to our hospital after the mass had grown to a size of 10.5$\times$8$\times$4cm with a 3$\times$3cm skin defect. Intraoperative frozen biopsy revealed MFH. An en-bloc wide resection and thin-thickness skin graft from his thigh were performed. Although distant metastasis to the lund developed 14 months later and the patient died 2 months later, there was no local recurrence. Thin-thickness skin graft is a simple method for a wide range skin defect, especially in the old age. He recovered in good condition without any physical disabilities.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.139-145
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• 2018

The present study was undertaken to investigate the influence of hypothermia on endothelium-independent vascular smooth muscle contractility and to determine the mechanism underlying the relaxation. Denuded aortic rings from male rats were used and isometric contractions were recorded and combined with molecular experiments. Hypothermia significantly inhibited fluoride-, thromboxane $A_{2-}$, phenylephrine-, and phorbol ester-induced vascular contractions regardless of endothelial nitric oxide synthesis, suggesting that another pathway had a direct effect on vascular smooth muscle. Hypothermia significantly inhibited the fluoride-induced increase in pMYPT1 level and phorbol ester-induced increase in pERK1/2 level, suggesting inhibition of Rho-kinase and MEK activity and subsequent phosphorylation of MYPT1 and ERK1/2. These results suggest that the relaxing effect of moderate hypothermia on agonist-induced vascular contraction regardless of endothelial function involves inhibition of Rho-kinase and MEK activities.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Pathology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate to potective effects against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection in piglets by administration of the PEDV antiserum orally at 2 hrs, 24hrs and 36hrs after birth. six piglets administered the antiserum were experimentally infected with PEDV at five-day-old. Control group were four piglets infected with PEDV only. Serum antibody titers against PEDV were examined by serum neutralization (SN) test, dectection for PEDV or PEDV antigen from feces and small intestines was tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and indirect immunoflurescence (IFA). The results obtained were as follows; 1. The piglets administered the PEDV antiserum showed higher antibody titers than those of control group and sustained during the experimental period. 2. The detection rate of PEDV in feces and small intestines by RT-PCR were 26.2% and 16.7% in PEDV antiserum treated group and 48.1 % and 75.0% in control group, respectively. 3. The detection rate of PEDV antigen in the small intestine by IFA were 0% in PEDV antiserum treated group and 50.0% in control group, respectively. It was concluded that oral administration of antiserum against PEDV to piglets was effective in preventing PEDV infection.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Pathology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate to potective effects against transmissible gastyoenteritis virus (TGEV) infection in piglets by administration of the TGEV antiserum orally at 5 hrs, 24hrs and 36hrs after birth. five piglets administered the antiserum were experimentally infected with TGEV at four-day-old. Control group were four piglets infected with TGEV only. Serum antibody titers against TGEV were examined by serum neutralization(SN) test, dectection for TGEV or TGEV antigen from feces and small intestines was tested by reverse transcrption-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and indirect immunoflurescence (IFA). The results obtained were as follows; 1. The piglets administered the TGEV antiserum showed higher antibody titers than those of control group and sustained during the experimental period. 2. The detection rate of TGEV in feces and small intestines by RT- PCR were 24.5% and 20.0% in TGEV antiserum treated group and 44.0% and 75.0% in control group, respectively. 3 The detection rate of TGEV antigen in the small intestine by IFA were 26.7% in TGEV antiserum treated group and 75.0% in control group, respectively. It was concluded that oral administration of antiserum against TGEV to piglets was effective in preventing TGEV infection.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2009

In Korea, burial is the most common method of disposing animal carcasses culled due to brucellosis infection. However, burial has many disadvantages such as shortage of appropriate burial sites, possibile pollution of ground water supply, and negative view of the public. In this study, we have reviewed 3 legal methods for disposing bovine carcasses, which are burial, incineration, and rendering. We also described the overall process, advantages and disadvantages, and required costs for each method. About 75% of bovine brucellosis outbreak farms had less than 3 reactors, and in our study, rendering required the least amount of cost for farms with a small number of reactors (1-3 heads). Our findings suggest that the use of rendering should be encouraged for farms with bovine brucellosis and other methods considered only if rendering is inappropriate.