• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.90-96
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• 2017

Many sewage treatment plants have applied the advanced technology of chemical coagulant system to remove phosporus in Korea. However there are some problems for the injection of optimum coagulant dosage. In order to solve these problems, the research related to the more cost-effective automatic total phosphorus coagulation control system using an EC(Electrical Conductivity) have been in progress. This study was conducted by the same process and operation method as the Lab-scale for public small town sewage treatment plant. First, it confirmed the correlation among the EC, PO4-P and coagulant dosage in the Lab-scale MSBR(Membrane Sequencing Batch Reactor) process. Next, it analyzed that correlation coefficient of EC and the coagulant dosage was 0.92 in the Full-scale MSBR process. As a result, not only T-P removal efficiency was doubled but also it satisfied the effluent water quality standard in a stable manner. In addition, by applying the automatic control system using the EC, compared to the fixed coagulant injection system the coagulant dosage could be reduced by 28%.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 2015

Cure characteristics of non-oil-extended solution SBR (S-SBR_NO) and oil-extended solution SBR (S-SBR_ EO) compounds reinforced with silica/carbon black were investigated. Minimum and maximum torques of S-SBR_ EO compounds were much smaller than those of S-SBR_NO ones. Delta torques of S-SBR_NO compounds were greater than those of S-SBR_EO ones, and that of S-SBR_NO compound increased with increase in the 1,2-unit content. Optimum cure time ($t_{90}$) of S-SBR compound decreased with increase in the 1,4-unit content, whereas it increased with increase in the 1,2-unit content. Cure rate index of S-SBR compound increased with increase in the 1,4-unit content, whereas it decreased with increase in the 1,2-unit content. Comparing cure characteristics of S-SBR_NO and S-SBR_EO compounds with the same 1,2-unit content, $t_{90}$s of S-SBR_EO compounds were longer than those of S-SBR_NO ones and cure rate indices of S-SBR_EO compounds were smaller than those of S-SBR_NO ones.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.375-381
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• 2010

This study was carried out for advanced treatment development on shipboard sewage. We employed SBR process using Bacillus sp. to remove Organic compounds, Nitrogen and Phosphorus simultaneously. Based on Res. MEPC.159(55) the system was qualified. From the results it was suggested that SBR system might be suitable process for shipboard sewage treatment in terms of pollutant removal efficiency, maintenance and special environmental conditions of ship. More than 90% of COD and BOD were removed. In addition, aover 50% of T-N and T-P were reduced.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2015

The causative agent of shigellosis, Shigella flexneri, is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterial pathogen that causes one of the most infectious bacterial dysenteries in humans. It originates infection by invading cells of the colonic epithelium using a type III secretion system. Despite S. flexneri is closely linked with the human disease, structural study is very deficient. Here, we have initiated NMR study of SF1002 which is the uncharacterized protein from S. flexneri strain 5a M90T. Based on a series of triple resonance spectra, sequence-specific assignments of the backbone amide resonances of SF1002 could be completed. This NMR study would contribute to the structural genomics of S.flexneri.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.2244-2252
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• 2020

Background: Thera-Band, Narrow squats, Kinesiology taping helps in the reduction of loading on the knee joints. Despite the fact that the varus knee negatively affects the alignment of the lower extremities, most of the studies have analyzed each independently. Objectives: To investigate the effects of a complex exercise program consisting of elastic band exercises and squat exercises on the distance between the inner knees and balance in young adults with genu varum. Design: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Methods: The complex exercise group performed resistance exercises using an elastic band. The taping group used kinesiology tape on the vastus lateralis and biceps femoris. To select those to be included in the study, we measured the distance between the knees using digital Vernier calipers and to measure the balance ability, we used a balance training system. The data were analyzed with the independent t-test and paired t-test. Results: The study indicated a significant difference in the distance between the knees between the two groups, but no significant differences in the dynamic balance between the groups. Also, the static balance comparison between the groups according to the intervention method included the trace length, C90 area, C90 angle and velocity. There were no significant differences in the static balance between the groups. In addition, the complex exercise program was more effective than taping. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that the complex exercise program and taping decrease the between both the knee and increase the balance.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2024

The insecticidal efficiency of orange (Citrus sinensis) peel essential oil (OP-EO) is limited because of its low stability under environmental conditions. Nanoemulsion formulations show promise in overcoming this limitation. Therefore, this study aimed to formulate and characterize the OP-EO nanoemulsion form (OP-EON) and investigate its insecticidal properties against two significant storage pests, Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius, 1792), and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797). The OP-EON (4:3:3:90 w/w, EO: Tween 80: Ethanol: water) was successfully created using an ultrasonic homogenizer. The major chemical components of the OP-EO were determined to be D-limonene (87.93%), myrcene (3.62%), and α-pinene (1.34%) through GC-MS analysis. The OP-EON was characterized using TEM (50-100 nm), Zeta sizer (the mean droplet particle size of 58.60 nm, the ζ-potential value of -12.6 mV, and the polydispersity index of 0.486), and FT-IR analysis. After 7 days, exposure to 500 ppm of the OP-EON resulted in 50% and 30% mortality rates in R. dominica and T. castaneum, respectively. Exposure to 1000 ppm of OP-EON resulted in 90% and 55% mortality in R. dominica and T. castaneum, respectively, after 7 days. Overall, these results clearly showed the potential to exceed the limits of the insecticidal activity of the OP-EO with its nanoemulsion form.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.261-268
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• 2003

Ten MHz pulsed NMR spectrometer was used to measure the magnetic resonance characteristics of Korean red ginseng. The difference in the internal structures of good and bad red ginsengs was examined by their NMR characteristics. Average values of $T_1$ and free induction decay(FID) ratios of under grade Korean red ginseng were the highest among the three groups categorized as normal, medium and under grades Korean red ginseng and average values of $T_2$ and $T_2$$^{＊}$ of them were the lowest among the three groups. Principal component analysis(PCA) was used to observe the contribution of measured NMR values to the grade of Korean red ginseng. The measured $T_1$, $T_2$, $T_2$$^{＊}$ and FID ratio of 79 Korean red ginsengs classified as normal grade, medium grade and under grade were examined using PCA analysis. Cumulative variance of PC1 through PC3 occupied more than 90% of total variance at first and second NMR measurement. Plots of PC scores for the most important PCs showed that normal red ginseng samples were distributed around the left region of PC1 axis and most of the undergrade red ginseng samples were scattered around the right region of PC1 axis.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.83-83
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• 2001

본 연구는 이유한 경산돈의 발정동기화방법이 번식성적에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 대조구(자연발정), T1(Regumate＋PMSG＋hCG), T2(PMSG＋hCG) 및 T3(PG600)처리구로 발정을 유기한 후 12시간 간격으로 2회 인공수정 하여 수태율, 분만율 및 산자수를 조사하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 액상정액은 축산기술연구소 돼지인공수정센타의 종모돈 5두 정액을 혼합하여 이용하였으며, BTS(Beltsville thawing solution) 보존액으로 1회 주입 정자농도를 3.0$\times$$10^{9}$이 되도록 조절하였다. 수태율은 72구가 95.2%, 73처리구가 93.6%로 발정동기화 유도하지 않는 대조구의 91.3%보다 다소 높은 수태율을 나타내었으나 통계적인 유의차는 없었으며, T1 동기화 방법이 87.2%로 가장 낮은 수태율을 나타내었다(P<0.05). 분만율은 T2처리구가 90.4%로 가장 높았으며(P<0.05), T3구는 수태율은 높았으나 분만율이 가장 낮게 조사된 것은 임신 확인 후 각종 사고로 인한 조기 도태 매각 때문인 것으로 분석되었다. 복당 평균 총산자수는 대조구에 비하여 발정 동기화유도 처리구 모두 증가하였으나 통계적인 유의차는 인정되지 않았다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.121-128
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• 2011

Long-term water treatment performance analysis was conducted for the constructed wetland treating agricultural tailwater. Studied wetland was established in 2001 and operated from June, 2002 to November, 2010. Wetland vegetation cover was shown over 90 % coverage after 2005. According to vegetation development, accumulation of sediment nutrient was observed; Organic Carbon, T-P and T-N. In addition, DO concentration and temperature was decreased in the constructed wetland output. An infiltration rate also significantly decreased due to compaction of wetland soil. A runoff coefficient was increased due to the low infiltration rate after 2005. A T-N, TSS and Chl.a removal rate was maintained constantly. However, the T-P removal rate was slightly decreased along to wetland operation because low DO concentration could increase elution of phosphorus from sediment. After constructing open water, the T-P removal rate was increased. This is because open water could accelerate the reaearation process. Consequently, over three years of vegetation development could be helpful for wetland performance. In addition, DO concentration is important factor to maintain the T-P treatment.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.91-96
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• 2009

This study describes a zero discharge and reuse system developed for rural areas. The purpose of the system is decontamination of used irrigation water for down-stream usage and reuse of wastewater in rural villages for preventing water shortage problem expected to happen in near future. The system consists of anoxic, FES (Ferrous Electricity System), Oxic, Cralifier processes. The main feature of the system is to remove phosphorous by using Fe-ionizing module. Indoor experiments were undertaken with a trial product of the system to test its performance. The removal capacities of T-P, T-N, and BOD were examined. Also the proper time for the replacement of iron plate module was tested as well as the efficiency of T-P removal rate based on the usage of an automatic washing system for the iron plate. As results, the system showed very good water purification performances through obtaining the results of over 90% removal rates from T-P, BOD, and 67% from T-N. The proper time period for replacement of iron plate was maximum 2 years, and also efficiency of T-P removal rate found to be greatly influenced by the usage of an automatic washing system from the test.