• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.851-853
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• 2022

고령화로 인해 65세 이상 운전자가 급증하며 고령운전자의 교통사고 비율이 증가함에 따라 시급한 사회 문제로 떠오르고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 객체 검출, 인식 모델을 결합하고 신호등을 인식하여 Text-To-Speech(TTS)로 알리는 쿠버네티스 기반의 프레임워크를 제안한다. 객체 검출 단계에서는 YOLOv5 모델들의 성능을 비교하여 활용하였으며 객체 인식 단계에서는 C-RNN 기반의 attention-OCR 모델을 활용하였다. 이는 신호등의 내부 LED 영역이 아닌 이미지 전체를 인식하는 방식으로 오탐지 요소를 낮춰 인식률을 높였다. 결과적으로 1,628장의 테스트 데이터에서 accuracy 0.997, F1-score 0.991의 성능 평가를 얻어 제안한 프레임워크의 타당성을 입증하였다. 본 연구는 후속 연구에서 특정 도메인에 딥러닝 모델을 한정하지 않고 다양한 분야의 모델을 접목할 수 있도록 하며 고령 운전자 및 신호 위반으로 인한 교통사고 문제를 예방할 수 있다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.28 no.4 s.51
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• pp.765-771
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• 1995

This study was performed to investigate the possibility of temporary threshold shift (TTS) of vibration sense could induced by exposure to high-frequency vibration or by work position taking by dentists in drilling or polishing. The vibratory perception thresholds (VPT) of 28 healthy men were measured on the index fingertip pulp of dominant hand at 250 Hz. The vibrating tool used in test was a low-speed handpiece of 34,000 rpm. For the TTS test, the dominant hand was exposed to high-frequency vibration and to work position for five minutes, respectively. The VPTs before and after vibratory exposure were $23.5{\pm}3.5dB,\;30.8{\pm}4.2dB$, respectively and VPT after work position was $23.7{\pm}4.6dB$. The difference between before and after vibartory exposure was statistically significant (p<0.001). The correlation of height, weight and BMI with baseline VPTs was not statistically significant. Also, there was no difference of VPTs by smoking. These results suggest that high-frequency vibration from dental handpieces might cause the impairment of vibration sensation.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.1020-1026
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• 2005

In the era of ubiquitous computing, human-friendly man-machine interface is getting more attention due to its possibility to offer convenient services. For this, in this paper, we introduce a 'Half-Mirror Interface System (HMIS)' as a novel type of human-friendly man-machine interfaces. Basically, HMIS consists of half-mirror, USB-Webcam, microphone, 2ch-speaker, and high-speed processing unit. In our HMIS, two principal operation modes are selected by the existence of the user in front of it. The first one, 'mirror-mode', is activated when the user's face is detected via USB-Webcam. In this mode, HMIS provides three basic functions such as 1) make-up assistance by magnifying an interested facial component and TTS (Text-To-Speech) guide for appropriate make-up, 2) Daily weather information provider via WWW service, 3) Health monitoring/diagnosis service using Chinese medicine knowledge. The second one, 'display-mode' is designed to show decorative pictures, family photos, art paintings and so on. This mode is activated when the user's face is not detected for a time being. In display-mode, we also added a 'healing-window' function and 'healing-music player' function for user's psychological comfort and/or relaxation. All these functions are accessible by commercially available voice synthesis/recognition package.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1025-1031
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• 1995

Thirty patients who underwent esophageal resections due to esophageal carcinoma and benign strictures, and esophagovisceral anastomoses were performed by hand suture in 11 patients[Group I and by using the end to end anastomosis[EEA stapler in 19 patients[Group II . Anastomoses were performed in the thoracic cavity in 24 patients[Right 19, Left 5 and in the cervical area in 6 patients. There was one operative mortality[3.3% in a cancer patient who underwent Ivor-Lewis operation using EEA stapler. She expired on POD 38 days due to renal failure and sepsis. There were two anastomotic leakage in the sutured group and no anastomotic leakage in the stapled group. Late anastomotic strictures occurred in 10 patients[52.6% in the stapled group compared to 2 patients[18.1% in the sutured group. Most of the patients with late anastomotic strictures responded to one or two trials of TTS dilations. Using EEA stapler in performing esophagovisceral anastomosis is a safe method with acceptable range of complication rate, and total admission period after the operation for group I was 30.3 days compared to 25.4 days in group II although it had no clinical significance. The follow up was possible in 23 patients; 5 patients in group I died within mean 12.6 months and 9 patients in group II within mean 14.2 months.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.444-445
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• 2007

IZO/Al multilayer anode films for flexible top emitting organic light emitting diodes (TOLEDs) were grown on PEN (polyethylen-enaphthelate) substrate using twin target sputter (TTS) system. To investigate electrical and optical properties of IZO/Al multilayer films, 4-point probe method and UV/Vis spectrometer were used, respectively. From a IZO/Al multilayer films with 100nm-thick Al, sheet resistance of $1.4{\Omega}/{\square}$ and reflectance of above 62% at a range of 500~550nm wavelength could be obtained, In addition, structural and surface properties of IZO/Al multilayer films were analyzed by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy) and AES (auger electron spectroscope), respectively. Moreover, flexibility of IZO/Al multilayer anode films were examined by bending test method.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2012

We have studied the realized variance(RV) of intra-day returns and market microstructure noise based on high-frequency stock transaction data for the four largest companies in terms of market capitalization in the KOSPI. First, non-negligible biases are observed for the RV and for the bias-corrected realized variance($RV_{AC_1}$) which is constructed by adjusting RV for the first order autocorrelation in intra-day returns. Bias is more obvious for the RV and the $RV_{AC_1}$ when intra-day returns are sampled more frequently than every 2 minutes. Transaction Time Sampling(TTS) is shown to be better than Calendar Time Sampling(CTS) in terms of biases of the RV and the $RV_{AC_1}$ for the 4 companies. The analysis reveals that market microstructure noise is temporally dependent. Second, by using the Noise-to-Signal Ratio(NSR), we estimate sampling frequencies that are optimal in terms of the Mean Square Errors(MSE) of the RV and the $RV_{AC_1}$. The optimal sampling frequencies are around 200 for RV and is around 5000 for the $RV_{AC_1}$ for all the four stock prices. For the 6 hour transaction period of the Korean stock trading, these correspond to about 2 minutes and 6 seconds.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.75-84
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• 2010

In this study, the long-term performance tests, which have extensibility, creep deformation, installation resistance and durability characteristic, is conducted to apply geosynthetic strip in field. The strength reduction factors using the test results are evaluated in order to calculate long-term design tensile strength. First, the creep deformation was evaluated by both the stepped isothermal method(SIM) and the time-temperature superposition(TTS) method. The creep reduction factor is reasonable to apply 1.6. Second, the result of installation damage test had little damage of yarn, which affected strength of reinforcement. Therefore, it can be analyzed that the installation damage of geosynthetic strip has little effect of long-term design tensile strength. Finally, the durability reduction factor considering chemical, biological and outdoor exposure resistance is reasonable to apply 1.1, which is considered the stability and economic efficiency of reinforced earth wall using geosynthetic strip.

• Mycobiology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.121-131
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• 2001

This study was carried out to identify the phylogenetic relationships among several caterpillar fungi by comparing the sequences of internal transcribed spacer regions(ITS1 and ITS2) and 5.8S ribosomal DNA(rDNA) repeat unit. The sequences of ITS1, ITS2, and the 5.8S rDNA from 10 strains of Cordyceps species, 12 strains of Paecilomyces, 3 strains of Beauveria, 2 strains of Metarhizium and 1 strains of Hirsutella were amplified, determined and compared with the previously known Cordyceps species. The sequences of 5.8S rDNA were more conserved in length and variation than those of ITS regions. Although the variable ITS sequences were often ambiguously aligned, the conserved sites could be found. In the phylogenetic tree, the species generally divided into three clusters, supported by their morphology and/or host ranges. The 5.8S rDNA and TTS1 sequences among 10 species of Cordyceps militaris were identical and only one base pair in ITS2 sequence was different. Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps ophioglossoides were also clearly different, although they belonged to the same cluster. The Geniank database search of species revealed sister taxa of an entomogenous fungus. Metarhizium was used as an putgroup in all taxa.

• Mycobiology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.197-201
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• 2002

Specific primer sets based on ribosomal DNA(rDNA) internal transcribed specer(ITS) sequences were designed for rapid detection of Phellinus linteus and P. baumii. Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) with these primers produced unique bands for each Phellinus species. The annealing temperature range is from $40^{\circ}C\;to\;55^{\circ}C$. The length of PCR products(P. linteus and P. baumii) using designed combinative primer sets of PL1F, PL2R, PB1F, PB2R, ITS5F and ITS4R, were from 520 by to 730 bp. Fifteen strains of Phellinus species including P. linteus, P. baumii, P. weirianus, P. johnsonianus, P. rhabarberinus, P. pini, P. gilvus, P. igniarius, P. nigricans and P. laevigatus were examined in this study. Five strains, including two isolated strains of P. linteus(MPNU 7001 and MPNU 7002), and two isolated strains of P. baumii(MPNU 7004 and MPNU 7005) were shown to have about 520 bp (PL1F-PL2R), 700 bp (TTS5F-PL2R) and 600 bp (PB1F-ITS4R) -sized PCR single bands respectively. This molecular genetic technique provided a useful method for rapid detection and identification of P. linteus and P. baumii.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Purpose : This study was conducted for the purpose of finding out of effects Eating training on patients with swallowing disorder caused by stroke to their swallowing functions. Method : 29 subjects were selected and the divided into two groups. Group 1 is consist of 14 patients under eating training group and Group 2 is consist of 15 patients each group has five times per week. 30 minuted per time covering 12-week period. Selected patients can swallow them selves without aspiration and basically eating trainings involve Thermal Tactile Stimulation(TTS), Shaker exercise, tongue movements, laryngeal mobilization exercise. MASA(The Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability)and VFSS(Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study) was carried out to find out effects of training. And We use FDS(Functional Dysphagia Scale) for VFSS to more objective score. Result : Through the results of this study was increase in Eating performance skill actual eating training group than the practiceless group. Therefore, the actual eating training is to improve the swallowing function and It will be useful in clinical intervention for stroke patients. Conclusion : Through the results of this study was increase in Eating performance skill actual eating training group than the practice less group. Therefore, the actual eating training is to improve the swallowing function and It will be useful in clinical intervention for stroke patients.