• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.153-159
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• 1989

This paper describes the algorithms employed in the preprocessing stage of the timing simulator, TSIM1.0, which is based on the Waveform Relaxation Method (WRM) at the CELL-level. The preprocessing stage in TSIM1.0 (1)partitions a given circuit into DC connected blocks (DCB's) (2) forms strongly connected circuts (SCC's) and (3) orders CELL's Also, the efficient waveform management technique for the WRM is described, which allows the overwriting of the waveform management technique for the WRM is described. which allows the overwriting of the waveform information to save the storage requirements. With TSIM1.0, circuits containing up to 5000 MOSFET's can be analyzed within 1 hour computation time on the IBM PC/AT. The simulation results for several types of MOS digital circuits are given to verify the performance of TSIM1.0.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.1 s.110
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• pp.95-104
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• 2005

Using TSI, TSIm and LTSI, we compared physico-chemical water quality and trophic state of 5 stations in Lake Andong from June 2002 to June 2003 and examined the correlation of them. It is difficult to evaluate trophic state of waters by each parameter, TP, Chl-a and SD, because TSI and TSIm in each section show different results, oligo-, meso- and eutrophic state. But three methods, TSI, TSIm and LTSI, show the same result that trophic degree lows as it goes to a lower area of the lake. The correlation among them is closer in the upper shallow waters than in the lower deep waters. The reciprocal application of trophic state indices is possible because the coefficient of mean correlation ranges 0.9117 to 0.9909. In conclusion, it seems that LTSI reflects a characteristic of water quality in each section better than TSI, TSIm and is very effective to simplify trophic state evaluation and minimize researcher's subjectivity.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.105-113
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• 2011

During the development of flight software, the processor emulator and satellite simulator are essential tools for software development and verification, which can be substituted for the actual hardware. LEO satellites being developed by KARI recently use the MCM-ERC32SC processor for on-board computer (OBC). For the flight software (FSW) development and testing, the software-based spacecraft simulator was developed using TSIM-ERC32 processor emulator from Aeroflex Gaisler. It is needed to get rid of the constraints and dependencies of TSIM-ERC32 processor emulator and to obtain high performance processor emulator to develop full satellite simulator. This paper presents the development of the ERC32 emulator based on open source dynamic translator, QEMU, as the first step. And it describes the software development and testing/debugging on the developed emulator.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.50-56
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• 2011

During the development of flight software, the processor emulator and satellite simulator are essential tools for software development and verification. SWT/KARI developed the software-based spacecraft simulator based on TSIM-ERC32 processor emulator from Aeroflex Gaisler. But when developing flight software using TSIM-ERC32, there are much limitation for understanding of exact behavior of ERC32 processor, and it is impossible to change or modify the emulator core to develop the satellite simulator. To reslove this problem, this paper presents the development of new cycle-true ERC32 emulator as laysim-erc32 and describes the software development and debugging method on VxWorks/RTEMS RTOS.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.46.1-46.1
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• 2009

현재 개발 중인 탑재컴퓨터의 메인 프로세서는 MCMERC32SC를 사용하고 있으며, 탑재소프트웨어를 개발하기 위하여 Gaisler Reserach사에서 개발된 소프트웨어 기반의 TSIM-ERC32 에뮬레이터를 이용하여 실시간 위성 시뮬레이터를 개발되어 탑재소프트웨어 개발 및 검증에 사용하였다. 차세대 저궤도 위성 탑재 컴퓨터의 메인 프로세서는 현재 LEON2/3이 사용되고 있으며, LEON2/3 프로세서를 모사해주는 소프트웨어 기반의 에뮬레이터의 경우 LEON2/3의 높은 성능 때문에 실시간 성능을 만족시키지 못하는 문제를 가지고 있다. 현재 ESA에서는 이 문제를 해결하기 위하여 하드웨어 기반의 프로세서 에뮬레이터를 개발/사용하고 있으며, 또 다른 방식으로 기존 프로세서 에뮬레이터가 interpretation방식을 사용한 반면 dynamic translation방식의 에뮬레이터를 개발하여 5~10배 이상의 성능 향상을 통해 실시간 성능을 만족시키고 있다. 이 논문에서는 현재 사용 중인 ERC32 프로세서를 dynamic translation emulation 기법을 사용하여 프로세서 에뮬레이터 개발 방법과 현재 상황에 대해서 설명하며, 추후 LEON2/3를 위한 에뮬레이터 개발의 가능성에 대해서 설명한다.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.275.1-275.1
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• 2003

Because people who take more than two drugs have increases, a simple and sensitive method for the simultaneous analysis of amphetamine, methamphetamine and nalbuphine in urine was developed. After alkalinization of the urine samples with 6 N-NaOH, the analytes were extracted using ethyl acetate, derivatized with MSTFA : TSIM : TMCS (= 100 : 2 : 5) prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) analysis with selected ion monitoring. (omitted)

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.262-271
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• 2005

Cordyceps, one of the most valued traditional Chinese medicines, consists of the dried fungus Cordyceps sinensis growing on the larva of caterpillar. It is also known as 'winter-worm and summer-grass' because of its appearance during different seasons. The parasitic complex of the fungus and the caterpillar is found in soil of a prairie at an elevation of 3,500 to 5,000 meters in northwestern part of China. According to Chinese medicinal theory, Cordyceps is used to replenish the kidney and soothe the lung, and indeed many clinical applications have been reported. The natural Cordyceps is rare and expensive on the local market, and therefore, several mycelial strains have been isolated from natural Cordyceps and manufactured in large quantities by fermentation technology, and they are commonly sold as health food products in Orient. The adulterants of Cordyceps are commonly found on the market, and therefore the authentication of these products has to be defined. Having the urgent need from current market, different chemical markers such as nucleoside, ergosterol, mannitol and polysaccharide are being used for quality control of Cordyceps. Unfortunately, these markers are far from optimization, and therefore extensive works are needed to define the pharmacological efficiency of these markers.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 2005

Dyers woad leaf (Daqingye) is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used as anti-pyretic, anti-bacterial and anti-viral agent against infectious diseases. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2005) records that Dyers woad leaf should be derived from the leaves of Isatis indigotica Fort., but the leaves of Polygonum tinctorium Ait., Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek. and Clerodendron cyrtophyllum Turcz. have also been used as substitutes of Dyers woad leaf in different regions of China. The leaf morphologies of these four species show a close resemblance, and based on their morphological appearance, it is difficult to identify them. Here, molecular genetic methods were developed as a target to identify different members of Dyers woad leaf. The 5S-rRNA spacer domain was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from genomic DNAs isolated from I. indigotica, P. tinctorium, B. cusia and C. cyrtophyllum, and the nucleotide sequences showed a great diversity. In addition, random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis was also used to distinguish the members of Dyers woad leaf. These molecular methods could be used as a tool in authentic identification of Dyers woad leaf.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.293-299
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• 2006

By using high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection, a simple and accurate chromatographic fingerprint method was developed for the identification of Radix Codonopsis (roots of Codonopsis) from different sources. Eighteen herbs of Codonopsis at different habitats in China, including roots from Codonopsis pilosula, Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta and Codonopsis tangshen were analyzed by the fingerprint. The amount of lobetyolin was calibrated, which was found to be more consistent in roots of Codonopsis pilosula as compared to that of Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta and Codonopsis tangshen. Having the fingerprint results, hierarchical clustering analyses were performed to classify the eighteen herbs into three groups: Codonopsis pilosula, Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta and Codonopsis tangshen. This clustering analysis agrees very well with the pharmacognostic identification result, and which could be used as a tool in the quality control of Radix Codonopsis.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1349-1360
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• 2012

This study presented the phytoplankton communities of the three lakes (Sayeon, Daeam, Hoeya ) using for drinking water in the Ulsan reservoir. The water storage of the Lake Sayeon, Daeam and Hoeya were 25, 13, 21 million ton respectively and most of which were being utilized for industrial and residential purposes. The total precipitation of the Ulsan region in 2010 was 1,162 mm, decreasing 10 % from 1,275 mm of the annual. As for pollutant loads, BOD and TN discharge loads of Daeam was the highest with 3,277 kg/day, 1,931 kg/day and 90 % of them were came from non-point pollutant sources. TP discharge loads showed the highest in the lake Hoeya with 643 kg/day and 97 % of them were came from point sources as household, industry and livestock. We assessed water quality of the lake Sayeon, Daeam and Hoeya using 17 variables. The water quality assessment found that the lake Daeam met the fourth to fifth grade because of high concentration of COD, SS and chlorophyll-a. Eutrophication assessment was conducted by revised Carlson's Index (TSIm, Aizaki) and found that Lake Daeam was more eutrophicated than the other two lakes all the year through as for chlorophyll-a, transparency and the total phosphorus (TP). A total of 95~111 phytoplankton species were identified from the three lake samples. Among them, the largest number of species were Chlorophyceae with 35~51, followed by Bacillariophyceae with 36~45, Cyanophyceae with 9~11, and Cryptophyceae with 6~9 species. The total cell number of phytoplankton was the highest in February (15,254 cells/mL) with Bacillariophyceae in the lake Daeam and the seasonal succession shows that Bacillariophyceae (Stephanodiscus spp.) in the spring, Cyanophyceae (Anabaena spp.) in the summer and the autumn, Bacillariophyceae (Stephanodiscus spp.) in the winter.