• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was performed to elucidate the inhibitory effect of Mibaeksan (MB) on melanin synthesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cell. Methods: To demonstrate the inhibitory effects of MB on melanin synthesis, we measured the amount of released and produced melanin in B16F10 melanoma cell. Also, we evaluated tyrosinase-activity in vitro as well as in B16F10 melanoma cell. And to investigate the action mechanism, we assessed the gene expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, MMP-2, PKA, $PKC{\beta}$, ERK-1 ERK-2, AKT-1 and MITF in B16F10 melanoma cells. Results: 1. MB decreased the release and production of melanin in B16F10 melanoma cells. 2. MB decreased tyrosinase activity in vitro and in B16F10 melanoma cells. 3. MB decreased the expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, PKA, $PKC{\beta}$ and MMP-2 in B16F10 melanoma cells. 4. MB increased the expression of ERK-1, ERK-2 and AKT-1 in B16F10 melanoma cells. 5. MB decreased the expression of MITF in B16F10 melanoma cells. Conclusion: From these results, it may be concluded that MB has the antimelanogenetic effects.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.1059-1064
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• 1996

키토산의 in vitro 돌연변이 억제활성을 Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay와 SOS chromotest 이용하여 살펴보았다. S. typhimurium에 의한 시험된 간접변이원 Trp-P-2에 대해서 0.1-1.0 mg/plate의 chitosan농도로 시험하였을 때, 24-65%의 돌연변이 억제활성을 나타내었다(p<0.01). Chitosan농도 0.1-0.5 mg/plate 범위에서는 용량-반응(dose-responese)관계를 나타내면서 저해효과를 나타내었으며, 0.5 mg/plate이상의 농도에서는 오히려 저해효과가 감소하는 경향이었다. 반면, 직접변이원인 SA 및 2-NF로 유도된 돌연변이에 대해서는 시험한 어느 농도에서는 chitosan에 의한 돌연변이 억제효과가 나타나지 않았다. Chitosan은 직접변이원인 4-NQO에 의한 SOS 유도에 대해 chitosan농도가 0.15 mg/assay 및 0.20 mg/assay일 때 4-NQO에 의해 유도된 유도지수(induction factor) 8.290을 4.226및 4.516으로 낮추어 46-49%의 저해활성을 나타내었다. 간접변이원인 Trp-P-2에 의한 SOS 유도에 대한 chitiosan의 억제효과는 시험한 chitosan의 농도범위에서 약 9-39%의 저해활성을 나타내었으며, chitosan농도가 0.1 mg/assay이 경우를 제외하고는 chitosan농도 증가에 따라 비례적으로 SOS유도 저해활성이 나타났다. Trp-P-2d 의해 DNA 손상을 유도한 다음 chitosan의 세포내 역제(bio-antimutagenicity) 활성을 살펴 본 결과, 저농도에서는 세포의 억제(desmutagenicity) 특성을, 0.75-1.0 mg/plate의 비교적 고농도에서는 세포내 억제특성을 나타내었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2014

단백질이 풍부한 식품을 고온 하에서 조리하는 과정 중에 주로 발생되는 돌연변이원 heterocyclic amines (HCAs)에 대한 유산균의 결합력 및 제거능을 조사하였다. 당 발효능 및 16S rRNA 염기서열 분석을 통해 동정된 19종의 유산균 중 Lactobacillus acidophilus D11, Enterococcus faecium D12, Pediococcus acidilactici D19, L. acidophilus D38, Lactobacillus sakei D44, Enterococcus faecalis D66 및 Lactobacillus plantarum D70의 세포이나 배양 상등액은 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1)과 3-amino-1-methyl-5Hpyrido[4,3-b] indole (Trp-P-2)에 의한 Salmonella typhimurium TA98 및 TA100의 돌연변이 유발을 억제할 수 있었다. HCAs에 대한 유산균 세포의 결합력은 cell wall, exopolysaccharide 및 peptidoglycan 보다 높게 나타났다. 한편, 이들의 결합력은 단백질 분해효소, 가열, sodium metaperiodate 및 산 처리에 의해 유의하게 감소되었으므로 세포벽에 존재하는 당이나 단백질 성분이 이들 HCAs을 결합시키는데 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 E. faecium D12, L. acidophilus D38 및 E. faecalis D66의 결합력은 SDS나 금속이온에 의해 감소되었으므로 이들세포와 돌연변이원 사이에는 이온 결합이나 소수성 결합이 작용하는 것으로 추정되었다. 한편, HCAs 결합력이 높은 L. acidophilus D38과 L. plantarum D70은 장관 상피세포에 대한 부착력이 낮으므로 돌연변이원을 세포에 결합시켜 체외로 배출함으로써 독성물질을 제거하는데 효과적인 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.502-508
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• 1986

해조류중 미역, 다시마, 곤피, 청각, 파래 및 김을 물, 메타놀, 핵산 및 에칠에테르로 추출한 엑스분의 항돌연변이 효과를 Salmonella typhimurium/microsome 계로 실험하였다. 물로 추출한 엑스분은 TrP-P-2와 aflatoxin $B_1$에 다소 효과가 있었고, 메타놀의 엑스분중 다시마, 곰피는 Trp-P-2에 효과가 있었으며, 메타놀 엑스분을 plate 당 1.0mg, 2.0mg 함유하는 모든 시료는 MeIQ와 aflatoxin $B_1$에 효과가 있었다. 에칠 에테르의 엑스분은 곰피와 청각이 매우 효과가 있었고, 특히 6종류의 해조류중 에칠 에테르의 엑스븐은 MeIQ와 aflatoxin $B_1$에 대하여 우수한 효과가 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.287-298
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• 2020

Ca²⁺ signaling of endothelial cells plays a critical role in controlling blood flow and pressure in small arteries and arterioles. As the impairment of endothelial function is closely associated with cardiovascular diseases (e.g., atherosclerosis, stroke, and hypertension), endothelial Ca²⁺ signaling mechanisms have received substantial attention. Increases in endothelial intracellular Ca²⁺ concentrations promote the synthesis and release of endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs, e.g., nitric oxide, prostacyclin, or K⁺ efflux) or directly result in endothelial-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH). These physiological alterations modulate vascular contractility and cause marked vasodilation in resistance arteries. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are nonselective cation channels that are present in the endothelium, vascular smooth muscle cells, or perivascular/sensory nerves. TRP channels are activated by diverse stimuli and are considered key biological apparatuses for the Ca²⁺ influx-dependent regulation of vasomotor reactivity in resistance arteries. Ca²⁺-permeable TRP channels, which are primarily found at spatially restricted microdomains in endothelial cells (e.g., myoendothelial projections), have a large unitary or binary conductance and contribute to EDHFs or EDH-induced vasodilation in concert with the activation of intermediate/small conductance Ca²⁺-sensitive K⁺ channels. It is likely that endothelial TRP channel dysfunction is related to the dysregulation of endothelial Ca²⁺ signaling and in turn gives rise to vascular-related diseases such as hypertension. Thus, investigations on the role of Ca²⁺ dynamics via TRP channels in endothelial cells are required to further comprehend how vascular tone or perfusion pressure are regulated in normal and pathophysiological conditions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5637-5642
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• 2012

Objective: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies and its mortality ranks third among all cancers in China. We previously noted that XRCC1 Arg194Trp was associated with GC risk in Western China in a study on XRCC1 Arg194Trp and ADPRT Val762Ala. We aimed to further explore the association of these polymorphisms with risk of the noncardia subtype. Methods: We enrolled 176 noncardia GC patients and 308 controls from four hospitals and a community between October 2010 and August 2011. Genotyping was performed in a 384-well plate format on the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. A self-designed questionnaire was utilized to collect epidemiological data from the subjects regarding demographic factors and potential risk factors. Results: Subjects were aged $56.8{\pm}11.8$ (mean ${\pm}$ standard deviation) and $57.6{\pm}11.1$ years in the case and control groups, respectively. Individuals carrying the XRCC1 Trp/Trp or Arg/Trp variant genotype were at significantly increased risk of noncardia GC (adjusted OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.00-2.17), after adjustment for family history of cancer, drinking, and smoking. The increased risk of XRCC1 Arg194Trp variant genotype was more pronounced among subjects below 60 years old (adjusted OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.07-2.96), compared to older individuals. ADPRT Val762Ala variants (Ala/Ala or Val/Ala) were not associated with noncardia GC (adjusted OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.69-1.54). Conclusions: Our study suggests that XRCC1 Arg194Trp is a genetic susceptibility factor for developing noncardia GC in Han Chinese in Western China. In particular, individuals with the XRCC1 Arg194Trp variant genotype are at increased risk for GC below 60 years old.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.528-533
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• 1997

This study was undertaken to determine the antimutagenic effects of Synurus deltoides extracts on the mutagenesis induced by 3-amino-1, 4-dimethyl-5-H-pyrido[4, 3-blindol(Trp-P-1), 2-amitnofluorene (2-AF) and 4-nitroquinolin-1-oxide(4NQO) using Ames test. Raw juice, heated juice, and ethanol extract from Synurus deltoides itself did not induce mutagenesis. The raw juice, heated juice and ethanol extract of 50${mu}ell$/plate showed approximately 90%, 37% and 28% inhibitory effect on the mutagenesis induced by Trp-P-1 against TA98 strain, while 80%, 60% and 58% inhibition was observed on the mutagenesis induced by 2-AF at the concentration of 200${mu}ell$/plate, respectively. TA100 strain was more sensitive than TA98 strain by raw juice, heated juice and ethanol extract on the mutagenesis induced by Trp-P-1 and 2-AF. Meanwhile, the raw juice, heated juice, and ethanol extract showed very limited inhibitory effects on the mutagenesis induced by 4-NQO against TA98 and TA100 strain. These results indicate that raw juice had the strongest inhibitory effect on the Trp-P-1 or 2-AF induced mutagenesis, but all of the extracts had a little antimutagenc effects on the 4-NQO induced mutagenesis.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.104-104
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• 2022

Dendropanax morbiferus H. Lev has been reported to have some pharmacologic activities and also interested in functional cosmetics. We found that the water extract of D. morbiferus leaves significantly inhibited tyrosinase activity and melanin formation in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)-induced B16-F10 cells. D. morbiferus reduced melanogenesis-related protein levels, such as microphthalmia? associated transcription factor (MITF), TRP-1, and TRP-2, without any cytotoxicity. Two active ingredients of D. morbiferus, (10E)-9,16-dihydroxyoctadeca-10,17-dien-12,14-diynoate (DMW-1) and (10E)-(?)-10,17-octadecadiene-12,14-diyne-1,9,16-triol (DMW-2) were identified by testing the anti-melanogenic effects and then by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis. DMW-1 and DMW-2 significantly inhibited melanogenesis by the suppression of protein kinase A (PKA)/cyclic AMP (cAMP)-responsive binding protein (CREB) and p38 MAPK phosphorylation. DMW-1 showed a better inhibitory effect than DMW-2 in α-MSH-induced B16-F10 cells. D. morbiferus and its active component DMW-1 inhibited melanogenesis through the downregulation of cAMP, p-PKA/CREB, p-p38, MITF, TRP-1, TRP-2, and tyrosinase. These results indicate that D. morbiferus and DMW-1 may be useful ingredients for cosmetics and therapeutic agents for skin hyperpigmentation disorders.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.1365-1374
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• 2014

Thirteen analogs of tridecapeptide ${\alpha}$-factor (WHWLQLKPGQPMY) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with C- or N-terminal Trp extension and isosteric replacement by Aib at position 8 and 11, Trp at position 13, D-Ala at position 9, and Orn and Glu at position 6 were synthesized and assayed for their biological activity. Receptor binding assay was carried out using our newly developed spectrophotometric method with detector peptide 14. C- or N-terminal extended analogs, ${\alpha}$-factor-$[Trp]_n$ (n =1-5) 1-5 and $[N-Trp]_1$-${\alpha}$-factor 6, were all less active than native ${\alpha}$-factor and gradual decreases in both activity and receptor affinity were observed with greater Trp extension. Trp-substituted analog at position 13, $[Trp^{13}]{\alpha}$-factor 7, exhibited about 2-fold reductions in both activity and receptor affinity. Aib-substituted analogs, $[Aib^8]{\alpha}$-factor 8 and $[Aib^{11}]{\alpha}$-factor 9, showed 5- to 10-fold reduction in activity as well as 3-fold reduction in receptor affinity compared to native ${\alpha}$-factor. $[Orn^6]{\alpha}$-factor 10 demonstrated strong potency with a 7.0-fold increase in halo activity as well as 1.8-fold increase in receptor affinity compared to native ${\alpha}$-factor. For two double substituted analogs, [$Glu^6,{\small{D}}-Ala^9$]${\alpha}$-factor 12 showed the slightly decreased potency in halo activity compared to analog 10, whereas [$Orn^6,{\small{D}}-Ala^9$]${\alpha}$-factor 11 exhibited 15-fold higher halo activity as well as nearly 3-fold higher receptor affinity compared to native ${\alpha}$-factor.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.796-799
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• 1996

분리된 균주와 표준균주의 Bifidobacterium 21종류에 대하여 Salmonella typhimurium TA 98균주를 이용한 in vitro 항돌연변이능을 조사하였다. 실험에 이용된 돌연변이원으로는 Trp-P-1 (3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-$^{5}H-pyrido$ (4, 3-b) indole), benzopyrene, IQ (2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-f] quinoline)와 NQO (4-nitroquinoline oxide) 등이었다. 동결건조된 균체들은 평균적으로 각각 Trp-P-1, benzopyrene, NQO, IQ에 대하여 64, 38, 29, 20%의 항돌연변이능을 나타냈다. Trp-P-1, benzopyrene, IQ에 대하여는 균주의 종류와 성장시기에 따른 항돌연변이능에 큰 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. NQO에 대하여는 12시간 배양세포가 5일 배양세포보다 항돌연변이능이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 Bifidobacterium 균주들이 일반적으로 몇 종류의 잘 알려진 돌연변이원에 대한 항돌연변이능을 보유하고 있음을 보여주었다.