• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.55-69
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• 2015

Tailing Material (TM) and Fly Ash (FA) are obtained as waste products from the mining and thermal industries. Studies were carried out to explore the possibility of utilizing TM as a part replacement to fine aggregate and FA as a part replacement to cement, in concrete mixes. The effect of replacing fine aggregate by TM and cement by FA on the standard sized specimen for compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strengths are evaluated in this study. The concrete mix of M40 grade was adopted with water cement ratio equal to 0.40. Concrete mix with 35% TM and 65% natural sand (TM35/S65) has shown superior performance in strength as against (TM0/S100, TM30/S70, TM40/S60, TM50/S50, and TM60/S40). For this composition, studies were performed to propose the optimal replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by FA (Replacement levels studied were 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%). Replacement level of 20% OPC by FA, has shown about 0-5% more compressive strength as against the control mix, for both 28 day and 56 days of water curing. Interestingly results of split tensile and flexural strengths for 20% OPC replaced by FA, have shown strengths equal to that of no replacement (control mix).

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.310-312
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• 1999

본 논문은 MPEG-2 TM 5 비디오 복호기의 전체 구조와 처리과정을 기술한다. 주요한 MPEG-2 복호화 과정으로 비디오 syntax 분석, bitstream 복호 처리과정, quantization, DCT, scanning(zigzag 혹은 alternate scanning), 움직임 보상, frame 재구성, 화면 출력을 위한 dithering 과정이 있다. 본 논문에서는 MPEG-2 복호기의 핵심을 복호기 전체 구조, MPEG-2 bitstream syntax, MPEG-2 복호과정, 움직임 보상과 frame 재구성 그리고 화면 출력을 위한 dithering으로 구분하여 소개한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.35S no.3
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• pp.159-165
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• 1998

In bitrate control of MPEG-2 TM5, $Q_{j}$, N-act, and mquant, of present macroblock are predicted from those of previous macroblock. It results in poor image quality because of abrups change of them. We proposed a method predicting $Q_{j}$, N-act, and mquant, of present macroblock by averaging those parameters of adjacent previous macroblocks. As a results, it shows improved PSNR compared to bitrate control of MPEG-2 TM5.TM5.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.973-979
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• 2002

Purpose : Recently, a number of rapid antigen detection tests have been available to diagnose group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity, specificity and consistency of the two rapid antigen detection tests. Methods : Among the patients who visited our clinic from November 2001 to February 2002, 61 patients who had clinical findings of pharyngeal erythema or edema, pharyngeal exudates and soft palatine petechiae were enrolled in our study. A total of 61 patients were tested with rapid antigen detection tests and throat culture. BD $LINK2^{TM}$ Strep A(Becton, Dickinson & Company, U.S.A.) and $QuickVue^{(R)}$ $In-Line^{TM}$(Quidel Corporation, U.S.A.) were selected for rapid antigen detection tests. Results : Of the 61 patients tested, 22 patients were confirmed as group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis by throat culture. The BD $LINK2^{TM}$ Strep A had a sensitivity of 81.8% and a specificity 89.7%. The positive and negative predictive values were 81.8% and 89.7%, respectively. The $QuickVue^{(R)}$ $In-Line^{TM}$ had a sensitivity of 77.3% and a specificity of 100%. The positive and negative predictive values were 100% and 88.6%, respectively. The kappa values of BD $LINK2^{TM}$ Strep A and $QuickVue^{(R)}$ $In-Line^{TM}$ were 0.72 and 0.81, respectively. Conclusion : In addition to high sensitivity, specificity and consistency, both kits are easy to use and simple to interpret, and therefore have the potential to be used with backup throat culture for diagnosis of acute pharyngotonsillitis.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.75-85
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate which FRC-posts were more distinguishable from core. Materials and Methods: Nine extracted single-rooted mandibular premolars with similar lengths (${\pm}0.5 mm$) and widths (${\pm}0.5 mm$) were endodontically treated and obturated. One specimen which the three roots were embedded in a cold mounting resin was made. 3 specimens were made by this method. Post spaces were prepared for the following post system: FRC $Postec^{(R)}$ Plus, MACRO-$LOCK^{TM}$ POST $ILLUSION^{TM}$ $XRO^{(R)}$, $Snowpost^{(R)}$. After three different posts were placed in the roots of a specimen, each three specimens received a direct core build-up: $Luxacore^{(R)}$ Dual A3, $Luxacore^{(R)}$ Dual blue, $Filtek^{TM}$ Z350 A1E. Digital images were taken of the post and core with and without air-blowing. We asked to fifty dentists and fifty dental college students which post was more clearly discriminated from the core. Results: In surveys, when core was $Luxacore^{(R)}$ Dual blue, among three types of posts people more easily discriminated the $Snowpost^{(R)}$ from core. When core was $Luxacore^{(R)}$ Dual A3, among three types of posts people similarly more easily discriminated $Snowpost^{(R)}$ from core. When core was $Filtek^{TM}$ Z350 A1E, among three types of posts people more easily discriminated distinguished MACRO-$LOCK^{TM}$ POST $ILLUSION^{TM}$ $XRO^{(R)}$ post from core. People more easily distinguished MACRO-$LOCK^{TM}$ POST $ILLUSION^{TM}$ $XRO^{(R)}$ post from core when temperature was lowered by air-blowing. Conclusion: Ability to discriminate between FRC-post and core is different according to color contrast. MACRO-$LOCK^{TM}$ POST $ILLUSION^{TM}$ $XRO^{(R)}$ posts are more discriminable when temperature is lowered by air-blowing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.383-392
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• 1993

Identification of rice paddy fields and estimation of their areas from the images taken by LANDSAT-5/TM were attempted. The results were verified by aerial photographs and also by ground observations. Changes of the spectral characteristics of rice plants were measured with a portable spectroradiometer during the growth period. Analyzing these characteristics, an index was developed for evaluating the growth and the yield of rice . Applying the index to the data observed by LANDSAT-5.TM on Sep. 26, 1986, Oct .20, 1989 and Sep, 21, 1990, it was confirmed that the estimated derived from the index agreed with actual values. The results well demonstrated its feasibility for evaluating the yield of rice by a satellite like LANDSAT-5/TM.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

The estimation technique of surface water temperature by satellite remote sensing has been applied to ocean and large lakes using AVHRR. However, the spatial resolution AVHBR is not abquate for coastal region and small lakes. Landsat 5 TM has 120 m spatial resolution, which suits better. We carried out analysis of surface water temperature in Lake Sihwa and near coastal area using Landsat 5 TM. To relate digital number to the brightness temperature, we applied Empirical, NASA, RESTEC, Quadratic methods. Comparing calculated and observed value, we obtained as follows; NASA method, $R^2=0.9343$, RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)=3.5876$^{\circ}C$; RESTEC method, $R^2=0.8937$, RMSE=3.76$^{\circ}C$; Quadratic method, $R^2=0.8967$, RMSE=2.949$^{\circ}C$. Because Landsat TM has only one band for extracting surface temperature, it was difficult to correct for the atmospheric errors. For improving the accuracy of surface temperature detection using Landsat TM, there is a need for a method to decrease the effect of atmospheric contents.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.35D no.9
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• pp.87-92
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• 1998

TM mode coupling coefficients for a generic five-layer DFB structure with trapezoidal and triangular gratings are calculated using the extended additional layer method. To determine the unperturbed field distributions of TM modes, a grating region is replaced by a new uniform layer whose inverse dielectric constant is the average value of the inverse dielectric constant of grating region in both longitudinal and transverse directions. Based on the self-consistent check, the validity of this method is established by comparing the results calculated by partitioning the grating region up to six uniform layers.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.137-140
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• 2014

A gene encoding thermostable pectinase (TmPec) was isolated from hyperthermophilic microorganism, Thermotoga maritima. The open reading frame (ORF) of TmPec gene is 1,104 bp long and encodes 367 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 40,605 Da. To analyze the enzymatic activity and biochemical properties, the ORF of TmPec gene excluding putative signal sequence of 27 amino acids was introduced into the E. coli expression vector, pRSET-B, and overexpressed in E. coli BL21. Protein concentration of purified recombinant TmPec was 1.1 mg/mL with specific activity of 56 U/mg protein on pectin. The recombinant TmPec showed the highest activity at around $85-95^{\circ}C$, and at around pH 6.5. It was stable at temperature below $85^{\circ}C$. In the presence of $Ca^{2+}$, the activity of recombinant TmPec was increased to 146.3% of normal level. In contrast, $Ba^{2+}$ and Mn2+ showed strong inhibition to the recombinant TmPec.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.67-87
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• 2000

The purpose of the study is to develop an integrated viewer which can display both text and image files on the Internet environment. Up to now, most viewers for full-text databases can be displayed documents only by image or graphic viewers. The newly developed system can compress document files in commercial word processors (e.g, 한글TM, WordTM, ExceITM, PowerpointTM, HunminJungumTM, ArirangTM, CADTM), as well as conventional TIFF image file in smaller size, which were converted into DVI(DeVice Independent) file format, and display them on computer screen. IDoc Viewer was evaluated to test its performance by user group, consisting of 5 system developers, 5 librarians, and 10 end-users. IDoc Viewer has been proved to be good or excellent at 20 out of 26 check lists.