• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.211-211
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• 2017

장기유출해석 모델은 수자원의 안정적인 확보와 이용, 유역단위 기초자료 조사관리 등을 위하여 수자원 장기종합계획 및 전국유역조사사업 등에 활용되고 있다. 주로 국외에서 개발된 모형이 활용되고 있어, 국내의 여건에 맞추어 편의성이 개선된 모형을 찾는 것은 매우 어려운 일이다. 또한, 유출해석을 수행하기에 앞서 지속적으로 업데이트된 모델에 대한 객관적인 평가를 수행한 사례는 드물다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 국내에서 주로 활용되고 있는 장기유출해석모델(TANK, SWAT, SSARR, PRMS 등)에 대한 비교검토를 토대로 각종 사업과의 연계성, 계산의 효율성, 정확도 등을 고려하여 USGS에서 개발한 PRMS v.4.0.2를 기반으로 국내유역에 활용이 가능하도록 개선한 $K-BASIN^{RR}$ 및 입력자료 전처리기를 개발하였다. PRMS 모형은 융설 및 지하수 흐름 등 다양한 기능을 포함하여 강우유출 분석에 활용성 높은 모형으로 평가받고 있으나, 국내 OS환경 및 활용 단위계에서 활용성이 떨어지는 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 소스코드 개선 및 GUI구축을 통하여 PC 환경에서 구동이 쉽도록 재구성하였고, 사용자 편의성 확보를 위한 입력자료 전처리기를 개발함으로써 수자원단위지도 3.0, 임상도 재분류 테이블, 토양도 재분류 테이블의 DB화 및 모형의 구동을 위한 HRU분할, 입력자료 생성이 가능하도록 하였다. 매개변수 최적화를 위하여 하천 유량뿐만 아니라 기저유출량을 대상으로 Monte-Carlo 시뮬레이션 기반의 매개변수를 최적화 기능을 탑재하였다. 개발된 모형의 적용성 평가를 위하여 용담댐 시험유역을 대상으로 11년 간(2005-2015)의 강우 및 온도자료를 입력자료로 활용하여 모의한 결과 샘플의 개수에 따라 NSE(Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency)를 0.9까지 추정이 가능함을 파악하였다. 또한, 유출량과 기저유출에 대하여 동시에 최적화를 수행하는 경우 NSE를 유출량에 대하여 0.8, 기저유출량에 대하여 0.6까지 추정이 가능하였다. 최적화된 모의 결과에 대한 검토를 위하여 계산증발산량을 측정증발산량과 비교한 결과, 유사한 패턴을 나타내는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 개발한 $K-BASIN^{RR}$을 활용하는 경우 장기유출해석 업무에 효율성 및 정확도를 향상할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Clean Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.325-331
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• 2021

In this study, bio-carbons were produced by activation process from unused biomass (Grade 3 wood pellet and spent coffee grounds) to determine the removal performance of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. The activation experiments were conducted in a fixed bed reactor using CO₂ as an activation agent. The temperature of the activation reactor and input of CO₂ were 900 ℃ and 1 L min^-1 for all the experiments. The maximum BET surface area of about 788 m² g^-1 was obtained for bio-carbon produced from Grade 1 wood pellet, whereas about 544 m² g^-1 was achieved with bio-carbon produced from spent coffee grounds. In all the experiments, the bio-carbons produced were mainly found to have micro-porous nature. A lower ash amount in raw material was favored for the high surface area of bio-carbons. In the removal test of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, the bio-carbon produced from spent coffee grounds showed excellent adsorption performance compared with woody biomass (Grade 1 wood pellet and Grade 3 wood pellet). In addition, the comparative experiment of commercial impregnated activated carbon and bio-carbon produced from spent coffee grounds was conducted. In terms of formaldehyde removal performance, the commercial impregnated bio-carbon was excellent, while bio-carbon produced from spent coffee grounds was excellent in acetaldehyde removal.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.194-203
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• 2021

With the recent increase in maintenance works on water and sewer pipes as well as district heating supply pipes, pavement cutting work using pavement cutter is on the rise. The pavement cutting operation generates considerable dust (cutting sludge) as well as noise; therefore, it is necessary to apply eco-friendly technologies that have low noise and dust recovery capability. Thus far, various equipment for recovering dust have been developed; however, there is a limitation in that the environmental friendliness is not quantified. Therefore, in this study, we developed a low-noise, dust-recovery type pavement cutter that can fundamentally remove the causes of environmental hazards such as noise and dust and evaluated the eco-friendliness of the pavement cutting process performed by this cutter. To this end, an integrated water cooling-sludge recovery system composed of a vacuum device and a sludge suction unit was developed, and the developed system was applied to a pavement cutter. Subsequently, the developed equipment was applied to the test bed, and data related to its eco-friendliness were collected and evaluated. The results showed that the cutting sludge recovery rate of the developed equipment was greater than 83%, the noise level was approximately 82 - 83 dB, and the sound power level was 115 dB. The results of this study will be used as basic data to develop improved pavement cutters in the future with improved cutting sludge recovery performance and lower noise.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.321-326
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• 2019

Image denoising methods based on block matching are founded on the experimental observations that neighboring patches or blocks in images retain similar features with each other, and have been proved to show superior performance in denoising different kinds of noise. The methods, however, take into account only neighboring blocks in searching for similar blocks, and ignore the characteristic features of the reference block itself. Consequently, denoising performance is negatively affected when outliers of the Gaussian distribution are included in the reference block which is to be denoised. In this paper, we propose an expanded block matching method in which noisy images are first decomposed into a number of bit-planes, then the range of true signals are estimated based on the distribution of pixels on the bit-planes, and finally outliers are replaced by the neighboring pixels belonging to the estimated range. In this way, the advantages of the conventional Gaussian filter can be added to the blocking matching method. We tested the proposed method through extensive experiments with well known test-bed images, and observed that performance gain can be achieved by the proposed method.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.54
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• pp.81-109
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• 2017

This study suggests an analysis of the reviews provided by international archival professionals on the RiC-CM draft published by ICA EGAD. Some implications for the Korean archival management environment were also suggested. Some professional reviews were accessible through the internet. Italian archival professionals held workshops at various levels for the analysis and discussion of the draft. Duranti, the project director of InterPARES, also gave opinions about the draft in cluding the perspective of digital preservation. In the review of Artefactual, the draft was discussed in terms of system implementation. Reed, the director of Recordkeeping Innovation, also gave a feedback based on the record management experiences in Australia. Some implications can be suggested based on these professional opinions. First, we should try to build a test bed for the adoption of RiC to archival description in the Korean environment. Second, a minimum level of data elements that can secure authenticity and integrity will also be needed. Third and lastly, rich authority data for agents and functions related to archival records and records groups are essential to take full advantage of the standard.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.734-739
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• 2018

The National Forestry Inventory of Korea has started the 7th (2016 ~ 2020) survey from the first (1972 ~ 1974) National Forest Situation Survey. The diameter at breast height was measured using a diameter tape, and the tree height was measured using a hypsometer in the National Forestry Inventory of Korea from the 1st to recently the 7th surveying. In the case of the diameter tape, however, irregularly shaped trees may cause a large error. In the case of a hypsometer, the height may be measured indirectly in 10 cm increments to the front edge of the tree, so that the accuracy may be lowered. This paper suggests the use of SLAM to improve the accuracy and advance forest investigations. For this purpose, a test bed for the measurement of DBH and tree height was set up, and the scan data was acquired directly using SLAM equipment. The accuracy of DBH and tree height measurements were analyzed. As a result, it was possible to calculate directly the DBH and tree height to 1mm unit, and it showed that the DBH accuracy of 2cm or less and the accuracy of the tree height accuracy of 1.3cm or less are sufficient for practical use. Based on the results, the scan data will be acquired for sample points and analyzed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.553-560
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• 2020

This paper presents an algorithm for identifying and eliminating errors by seagrasses in coastal bathymetry surveying using drone and HD camera. Survey errors due to seagrasses were identified, segmentated and eliminated using a L∗a∗b color space model. Bathymetry survey using a drone and HD camera has many advantages over conventional survey methods such as ship-board acoustic sounder or manual level survey which are time consuming and expensive. However, errors caused by sea bed reflectance due to seagrasses habitat hamper the development of new surveying tool. Seagrasses are the flowering plants which start to grow in November and flourish to maximum density until April in Korea. We developed a new algorithm for identifying seagrasses habitat locations and eliminating errors due to seagrasses to get the accurate depth survey data. We tested our algorithm at Wolpo beach. Bathymetry survey data which were obtained using a drone with HD camera and calibrated to eliminate errors due to seagrasses, were compared with depth survey data obtained using ship-board multi-beam acoustic sounder. The abnormal bathymetry data which are defined as the excess of 1.5 times of a standard deviation of random errors, are composed of 8.6% of the test site of area of 200 m by 300 m. By applying the developed algorithm, 92% of abnnormal bathymetry data were successfully eliminated and 33% of RMS errors were reduced.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.126-135
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• 2020

Recently, with the development of the 4th Industrial Revolution era and the popularization of technologies the maker movement is spreading worldwide in various ways for education, entrepreneurship, and solving social problems. This paper introduces a case of establishing and operating a maker space in Tanzania, East Africa, one of the developing countries. iTEC Tech-shop was established in the first half of 2018 at the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST) in Arusha, Tanzania by Innovative Technology and Energy Center (iTEC), and has been operating for nearly two years. With the allocation of empty warehouse space from NM-AIST, physical facilities were established through the purchase and installation of equipment and hand tools. Based on the advice from Idea Factory of Seoul National University and Fab-Lab Seoul, iTEC Tech-shop operational system were established. Through a total of 7 technical workshops, iTEC Tech-shop provided training courses for about 180 local personnel. In addition, the smart Techshop test-bed project was promoted in order to improve the operation level along with securing sustainability of the Techshop. The case of the iTEC Tech-shop could be a useful case for institutions or organizations promoting the maker movement to developing countries.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.771-782
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• 2021

Regular or irregular situations such as traffic accidents, damage to road facilities, maintenance or repair work, and vehicle breakdowns occur frequently on highways. It is required to provide traffic services to drivers by promptly recognizing these regular or irregular situations, various techniques have been developed for rapidly collecting data and detecting abnormal traffic conditions to solve the problem. We propose a method that can be used for verification and demonstration of unexpected situation algorithms by establishing a system and developing algorithms for detecting unexpected situations on highways. For the detection of emergencies on expressways, a system was established by defining the expressway contingency and algorithm development, and a test bed was operated to suggest a method that can be used for verification and demonstration of contingency algorithms. In this study, a system was established by defining the unexpected situation and developing an algorithm to detect the unexpected situation on the highway, and a method that can be used verifying and demonstrating unexpected situations. It is expected to secure golden time for the injured by reducing the effectiveness of secondary accidents. Also predictable accidents can be reduced in case of unexpected situations and the detection time of unpredictable accidents.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.337-345
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• 2022

For data such as rainfall and soil moisture, it is important to obtain the values of all points required as geostatistical data. Spatial interpolation is generally performed in this process, and commercial software such as ArcGIS is often used. However, commercial software has fatal drawbacks due to its high expertise and cost. In this study, R, an open source-based environment with ArcGIS, a commercial software, was used to compare the differences according to the processing environment when performing spatial interpolation. The data for spatial interpolation was weather forecast data calculated through Land-Atmosphere Modeling Package (LAMP)-WRF model, and soil moisture data calculated for each cumulative rainfall scenario. There was no difference in the output value in the two environments, but there was a difference in user interface and calculation time. The results of spatial interpolation work in the test bed showed that the average time required for R was 5 hours and 1 minute, and for ArcGIS, the average time required was 4 hours and 40 minutes, respectively, showing a difference of 7.5%. The results of this study are meaningful in that researchers can derive the same results in a commercial software environment and an open source-based environment, and can choose according to the researcher's environment and level.