• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제25권9호
• /
• pp.1229-1236
• /
• 2012

Our previous studies showed that kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10) injected in vivo can markedly increase lipid anabolism in liver of quails. In order to investigate the direct effect of Kp-10 on lipid metabolism of hepatocytes in birds, cells were separated from embryos livers and cultured in vitro with 0, 100 and 1,000 nM Kp-10, respectively. The results showed that after 24 h treatment, cells viability was not affected by 100 nM Kp-10, but showed a mild decrease with 1,000 nM Kp-10 compared to the control cells. Based on the results of the cell viability, 100 nM dosage of Kp-10 was selected for the further study and analysis. Compared with control cells, total cholesterol (Tch) contents in 100 nM treated cells were increased by 51.23%, but did not reach statistical significance, while the level of triglyceride (TG), high density of lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density of lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly increased. Real-time PCR results showed that ApoVLDL-II mRNA expression had a tendency to increase, genes including sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase ${\alpha}$ ($ACC{\alpha}$), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductases (HMGCR) and stearyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase-1 (SCD1) mRNA in hepatocytes were significantly down-regulated by 100 nM Kp-10. However, contrary to its gene expression, SREBP-1 protein expression was significantly up-regulated by 100 nM Kp-10. Some of the significant correlations in mRNA expression were found between genes encoding hepatic factors or enzymes involved in lipid metabolism in liver of birds. These results indicate that Kp-10 stimulates lipid synthesis directly in primary cultured hepatocytes of chickens.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제21권9호
• /
• pp.888-897
• /
• 2015

A flight capability to take a terrain following flight near the ground is required to reduce the probability that a fighter aircraft can be detected by foe's radar fence in the battlefield. The success rate for mission flight has increased by adopting TFS (Terrain Following System) to enable the modern advanced fighter to fly safely near the ground at the low altitude. This system has applied to the state-of-the-art fighter and bomber, such as B-1, F-111, F-16 E/F and F-15, since the research begins from 1960's. In this paper, the terrain following system and GCAS (Ground Collision Avoidance System) was developed, based on a digital database with UTAS's TERPRROM (TERrain PROfile Matching) equipment. This system calculates the relative location of the aircraft in the terrain database by using the aircraft status information provided by the radar altimeter and the INS (Inertial Navigation System), based on the digital terrain database loaded previously in the DTC (Data Transfer Cartridge), and figures out terrain features around. And, the system is a manual terrain following system which makes a steering command cue refer to flight path marker, on the HUD (Head Up Display), for vertical acceleration essential for terrain following flight and enables a pilot to follow it. The cue is based on the recognized terrain features and TCH (Target Clearance Height) set by a pilot in advance. The developed terrain following system was verified in the real-time pilot evaluation in FA-50 HQS (Handling Quality Simulator) environment.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.384-390
• /
• 2012

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered to be a serious metabolic disease which may cause systemic complications. The present study was designed to clarify a difference on stress, physiological variables and their correlation between diabetic (DM group) and nondiabetic adults (control group). The levels of body weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, body mass index, body fat mass, total cholesterol (TcH), triglyceride (TG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TB), autonomic balance (AB), stress index (SI), fatigue index (FI), and heart rate (HR) were all significantly higher in the DM group than in the control group. However, the levels of autonomic activity (AA), stress resistance (SR), and electrocardiac stability (ES) were significantly lower in the DM group than in the control group. The percentages of persons with abnormal levels in the Tch, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, TG, AST, ALT and GGT were significantly greater in the DM group than in the control group. In the correlation of glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) to stress indices, the DM group had a significant relationship with AB, SR, SI, FI, ES, and HR, whereas the control group had no significant relationship with these, excepting AB. These results suggest that DM was harmfully associated with body, biochemical and stress indices and that blood glucose and HBA1c levels must be exhaustively regulated.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.165-172
• /
• 2010

The present study investigated the effect of silymarin, a flavonoid, on streptozotocin (STZ) - induced diabetic dyslipidaemia in rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg). Silymarin (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) was orally administered to diabetic rats for a period of 15 days. Blood glucose levels, serum lipid profile and liver glycogen levels were estimated following the established procedures. Biochemical observations were supplemented with histological examination of liver sections. Oral administration of silymarin to diabetic rats significantly (P < 0.001) decreased the blood glucose levels ($259.99{\pm}23.64$ vs. $99.90{\pm}2.62$ [25 mg] & $89.17{\pm}3.32$ [50 mg]). The most interesting finding was the significant (p < 0.001) increase in HDL-cholesterol levels ($26.99{\pm}0.61$ vs. $40.55{\pm}0.52$ [25 mg] & $41.12{\pm}0.37$ [50 mg]) whereas, there was a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (TCh), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol levels observed in silymarin treated diabetic rats. STZ treatment caused significant degeneration of liver parenchyma, which was normalized to near normal morphology by administration of silymarin. The findings indicate that silymarin effectively improved the overall lipid profile and restored the glycogen stores in the liver of STZ-induced diabetic rats, in a dose dependent manner. The results indicate existence of abnormalities in lipid metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats and suggest a protective effect of silymarin in this animal model.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제32권10호
• /
• pp.1483-1490
• /
• 2019

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanisms of fat metabolism and deposition in pigs, an experiment was conducted to identify hepatic mRNAs and miRNAs expression and determine the potential interaction of them in two phenotypically extreme pig breeds. Methods: mRNA and miRNA profiling of liver from 70-day Jinhua (JH) and Landrace (LD) pigs were performed using RNA sequencing. Blood samples were taken to detect results of serum biochemistry. Bioinformatics analysis were applied to construct differentially expressed miRNA-mRNA network. Results: Serum total triiodothyronine and total thyroxine were significantly lower in Jinhua pigs, but the content of serum total cholesterol (TCH) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were strikingly higher. A total of 467 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 35 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs) were identified between JH and LD groups. Gene ontology analysis suggested that DEGs were involved in oxidation-reduction, lipid biosynthetic and lipid metabolism process. Interaction network of DEGs and DE miRNAs were constructed, according to target prediction results. Conclusion: We generated transcriptome and miRNAome profiles of liver from JH and LD pig breeds which represent distinguishing phenotypes of growth and metabolism. The potential miRNA-mRNA interaction networks may provide a comprehensive understanding in the mechanism of lipid metabolism. These results serve as a basis for further investigation on biological functions of miRNAs in the porcine liver.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.145-153
• /
• 2023

Objectives: Although it is difficult to define the quality of stroke care, acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with moderate-to-severe neurological deficits may benefit from thrombectomy-capable hospitals (TCHs) that have a stroke unit, stroke specialists, and a substantial endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) case volume. Methods: From national audit data collected between 2013 and 2016, potential EVT candidates arriving within 24 hours with a baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≥6 were identified. Hospitals were classified as TCHs (≥15 EVT case/y, stroke unit, and stroke specialists), primary stroke hospitals (PSHs) without EVT (PSHs-without-EVT, 0 case/y), and PSHs-with-EVT. Thirty-day and 1-year case-fatality rates (CFRs) were analyzed using random intercept multilevel logistic regression. Results: Out of 35 004 AIS patients, 7954 (22.7%) EVT candidates were included in this study. The average 30-day CFR was 16.3% in PSHs-without-EVT, 14.8% in PSHs-with-EVT, and 11.0% in TCHs. The average 1-year CFR was 37.5% in PSHs-without-EVT, 31.3% in PSHs-with-EVT, and 26.2% in TCHs. In TCHs, a significant reduction was not found in the 30-day CFR (odds ratio [OR], 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76 to 1.12), but was found in the 1-year CFR (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.96). Conclusions: The 1-year CFR was significantly reduced when EVT candidates were treated at TCHs. TCHs are not defined based solely on the number of EVTs, but also based on the presence of a stroke unit and stroke specialists. This supports the need for TCH certification in Korea and suggests that annual EVT case volume could be used to qualify TCHs.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.42-45
• /
• 1999

미역분말-첨가 미역국수의 지질대사에 미치는 생리적 효능을 구명하기 위하여 SD계 흰쥐에 4주 동안 미역국수 (BA-noodles)를 투여하여 중성지질 (TG), 총콜레스테롤 (TCh), LDL 및 HDL-콜레스테롤, 그리고 동맥경화지수 (AI)에 미치는 BA-noodles의 영향을 평가하였다. SD계 흰쥐에 조제사료로써 4주 동안 사육하면서 $10\%,\;20\%\;40\%$ BA-noodles의 TG의 함량은 $84.78\pm3.52\~91.30\pm3.77$ mg/dl serum로서 대조군 ($99.77\pm4.25$ mg/dl serum: $100\%$ ) 대비 $10\~15\%$정도나 유의적으로 감소하였다. 같은 방법으로 $10\%,\;20\%\;40\%$ BA-noodles의 TCh의 함량은 $87.28\pm4.97\~91.00\pm3.72$ mg/dl serum로서 대조군 ($99.30\pm4.61$ mg/dl serum: $100\%$)대비 $8\~12\%$정도나 유의적으로 감소하였다 또한 $10\%,\;20\%\;40\%$ BA-noodles의 LDL-콜레스테롤의 함량은 $44.20\pm4.21\~46.00\pm4.41$ mg/dl serum으로서 대조군 ($53.75\pm2.18$ mg/dl serum: $100\%$)대비 $15\~18\%$나 유의적으로 감소하였다. 한편 $10\%,\;20\%\;30\%$ BA-noodles 투여군의 HDL-콜레스테롤의 함량은 각각 $25.36\pm1.12\~27.58\pm1.52$ mg/dl serum로서 대조군 ($23.80\pm0.77$ mg/dl serum: $100\%$) 대비 각각 $7\~16\%$정도나 유의적으로 증가하였다. 끝으로 $10\%,\;20\%\;40\%$ BA-noodles 투여군의 AI는 $2.16\pm0.14\~2.59\pm0.17$로서 대조군 ($3.00\pm0.13$ : $100\%$) 대비 $14\~28\%$나 현저히 감소하였다. 이상의 결과에서 볼 때 이들 기능성 미역국수의 투여는 성인병을 효과적으로 억제할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.462-469
• /
• 1992

대복피(빈랑나무의 과피)로부터 면역조절 역할이 기대되는 2종의 보체활성화(항보체) 다당을 정제하고 그 작용양식에 대해 검토하였다. 활성다당 AC-2-IIIa 및 AC-2-IIIc는 농도가 증가함에 따라 항보체 활성이 증가하는 양상을 보였으며, 2가 금속이온 부재시 대조구에 비해 거의 완전한 활성의 감소를 보인 반면, $Ca^{2+}$ 이온만을 선택적으로 제거한 경우 활성이 상당량 유지되었다. 또한 이들 활성다당들은 비교적 강력한 보체 제 2경로 활성화능을 나타내었으며, $Ca^{2+}$ 이온 부재 상태에서 정상인의 혈청과 반응시, C3의 분해산물을 anti-human C3를 이용한 면역 전기영동법에 의해 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 anti-human whole serum를 이용한 면역 전기영동 결과, ${\alpha}2-M$ peak 대비 3rd peak의 높이 비율은 AC-2-IIIa가 $1.50{\pm}0.04$, AC-2-IIIc가 $1.22{\pm}0.08$이었는바, 이러한 사실로부터 대복피 유래 AC-2-IIIa 및 AC-2-IIIc의 보체 활성화 양식은 classical 및 alternative pathway 양경로를 모두 경유함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.318-331
• /
• 1995

Hologen lamp를 열원으로 한 적외선 집중가열 방식의 Floating zone법을 이용하여 조화융해조성(48.6 mol% $Li_2O : 51.4 mol% LiNbO_3$)의 $LiNbO_3$ 단결정과 여기에 5 mol%의 MgO를 첨가한 $LiNbO_3$:5mod%MgO 단결정을 c-축으로 성장시켰다. 고품질의 광학용 $LiNbO_3$ 결정을 성장시키기 위해 원료봉의 최적 소결조건 및 성장 분위이게 따른 원료봉/융액 계면에 대한 고찰을 하였고, 이를 바탕으로 하여 ga s flow rate, pulling rate, 원료봉과 종자정의 회전속도 등에 대한 최적의 결정성장 조건을 확립하였다. 성장된 결정에 대해서 chemical etching을 통한 etch pattern과 ICP(Inductively Coupled Plasma) 분석을 통한 조성 변동 및 불순물 Fe 함량을 조사하였고, 5 mol% MgO의 첨가에 따른 투과율과 굴절율의 변화를 관찰하였다. 또한 $LiNbO_3$의 비선형 광학특성에 대해서는 측정한 굴절율 값을 data로 하여 비선형 광학 굴절율 $n_2$를 계산하여 다른 광학물질과 비교하였고, 이와 관련하여 비선형 광학특성에 대한 전반적인 고찰을 하였다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제19권10호
• /
• pp.1374-1381
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 남성 음주자의 나이대별 생리학적 변수들에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 연구하였다. 30대 남성들은 waist-hip ratio, 좌 우 심장-발목 혈관지수, 좌 우 발목-상완지수, 아밀라제, hs-CRP, CPK가 가장 낮았고 체중, IL-6, 좌 우 안와혈압, 혈색소, 적혈구수, 적혈구 분포도, ALT, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 페르틴 농도는 높게 나타났다. hs-CRP, CPK는 40대 음주남성에서 높았지만 페리틴 농도는 반대였다. 50대 음주남성에서는 WHR이 높았으며 이완기 혈압, 좌 우 안와혈압, 호산구와 아밀라제 농도는 높게 나타냈다. 60대 음주남성에서는 좌 우 심장-발목 혈관지수, 평균 혈색소 농도, $\gamma$-GTP, RF, AFP, PSA의 농도는 높았으며, 체중, 이완기 혈압, 좌 우 안와혈압, 혈색소, 혈소판, 백혈구, 적혈구 분포지수, 호산구, 단구, 아밀라제 중성지방, CPK 농도 변화에서는 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 볼 때 음주는 남성들에 있어 나이대별로 다양한 생리학적 변화를 유도 할 것으로 사료된다. 향후 음주가 성별, 즉 남녀 간에 미치는 생리학적 영향의 차이에 대한 연구 역시 더 필요할 것으로 생각된다.