• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.384-388
• /
• 1995

High content of polyunsaturated fatty acid in fish oil makes it very susceptible to oxidation, which prevent fish oil from successful application to food processing or functional foods. To resolve this problem, oxidation stability model of fish oil was developed using the following differential equation : $dp/dt=k{\cdot}p(t){\cdot}[P_{max}\;-\;p(t)]$. This differential equation can be intergrated using analytical techniques to give : $p(t)=P_{max}/[1\;+\;[(P_{max}/P_{(0)})\;-\;-1]{\cdot}EXP(-K_p{\cdot}t)]$. At 50, 60, 70 and $80^{\circ}C,\;K_p$ were 0.00535, 0.01345, 0.02516 and 0.04675, respectively. The proposed model was well agreed with the measured data except for some minor deviations. In addition, $K_p$ was expressed as a function of temperature : $K_p=(1/P_{max})EXP\;[1\;-\;(8148/T)+20.1]$. Where T is absolute temperature($^{o}K$).

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.7-21
• /
• 1998

An analysis of 101 stroke patients who were enrolled in 10 hospitals of Cities of Pusan, Taegu, and Andong from November 1, 1996 to April 31. 3997 was conducted using the modified Barthel Index(BI) and the adapted PULSES profile index(PS) to evaluate their function. Patients were examined at the following intervals: Initial assessment, one month after initial. at discharge, and one month after discharge. The mean BI score of patients initial assessment was 27.18, and that of PS was 17.54. There were statistically significant between initial score and one month after initial (21.39: p<0.001), at discharge(37.47: p<0.001), one month after discharge(46.49: p<0.001). PS scores were also improved .significantly(-2.62, -4.52. and -6.26(p<0.001). And the score between dischange and one month after discharge was significant (9.01: p<0.001) and in PS score(-1.73: p<0.001). Age and BE score were significantly associated with the improved in BI score between initial and discharge(T3-T1)(p<0.05). Below age forty the Bower initial BI score showed significantly higher improvement(T3-T1) after physical therapy(p<0.05). Initial Bl score, patients' attitude for physical therapy after discharge, age, and surgical operation were significantly associated with the improvement of BI score between initial and one month after discharge(T4-T1)(p<0.05). The lower initial BI score, patients' positive attitude for physical therapy after discharge, below age forty. and no surgical operation showed significantly higher improvement(p<0.05). BI score at discharge, side of hemiparesis and religion were significantly associated with the improvement of BI score between at discharge and one month after discharge(T4-T3) (p<0.05). The lower BI score at discharge. left aide of hemiparesis, with religion showed significantly higher improvement (p<0.05). Age, initial PS score were significantly associated with the improved in PS score between initial and discharge(T3-T1)(p<0.05). The higher initial PS score and below age forty showed significantly higher improvement(T3-T1)(p<0.05). Initial PS score, patient' attitude for physical therapy after discharge, age, educational level, physical therapy hour after discharge, and surgical operation were significantly associated with the improvement of PS score between initial and one month after discharge(T4-T1)(p<0.05). The higher initial PS score, patients' positive attitude for physical therapy after discharge, below age forty, higher education, the shorter physical therapy hour, and no surgical operation showed significantly higher improvement(T4-T1)(p<0.05). PS score at discharge, educational level, patient' attitude far physical therapy after discharge, physical therapy hour after discharge, and gender were significantly associated with the improvement of PS score between discharge and une month after discharge(T4-T3) (p<0.05), The higher PS non at discharge, higher education, patients' positive attitude for Physical therapy after discharge, the shorter physical therapy hour, and male showed significantly higher improvement (T4-T3)(p<0.05). In conclusion, initial BI score and age were significantly associated with BI score improvement and initial PS score, age, and educational level were also significantly associated with PS score improvement in stoke patients.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.498-507
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of thoracic flexibility exercise on sitting balance, static standing balance, gait parameters, and the fall risk of patients with chronic stroke. The participants were randomized into the control (n=12) and thoracic flexibility exercise groups (n=12). Both groups received standard rehabilitation therapy for 30 minutes per session. The subjects in the experimental group performed additional thoracic flexibility exercises 3 times a week for 6 weeks. The trunk impairment scale, static standing balance, gait speed, cadence, and fall risk were assessed for all the participants before and after the intervention. The thoracic flexibility exercise group showed greater improvement than did the control group on the trunk impairment scale (t=-3.57, p=.002), static standing balance (t=5.37, p<.001), gait speed (t=-3.29, p=.003), cadence (t=-2.77, p=.011), and fall risk (t=6.33, p<.001). Furthermore, the thoracic flexibility exercise group significantly improved all the outcomes compared to the baseline values (P<.05). This study showed that the thoracic flexibility exercise improved the functional ability of patients with chronic stroke.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.52 no.10
• /
• pp.1140-1146
• /
• 2009

Purpose:The pathophysiology of magnesium, the second highest common compound in humans, is still unclear, especially in preterm babies. We accessed the association between total magnesium (tMg), ionized Mg (iMg), and gestational age (GA) and that between serum magnesium (sMg) and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm babies. Methods:In all, 119 inborn preterm infants admitted between July 2006 and February 2008 were divided into the IVH group (19) and the control group (100) and were prospectively analyzed. TMg, iMg, pH, total calcium (tCa), and ionized Ca (iCa) levels were determined immediately after delivery or within 3 hours after birth, and their correlation with GA were investigated. Results:TMg was not correlated with GA, tCa, iCa, and pH. IMg was correlated with tMg (r=0.288, P=0.002) and iCa (r=0.212, P=0.021); however, it was not correlated with GA and pH. Mean GA and birth weight were significantly lower (P=0.002) and smaller (P=0.030) in the IVH group. Mean sMg was higher in the IVH group ($2.5{\pm}0.9mg/dL$) than in the control group ($2.1{\pm}0.6mg/dL$) (P=0.021). SMg was a risk factor even after logistic regression analysis (OR, 2.798; 95% C.I., 1.265-6.192; P=0.011). Conclusion:In less than 37-week-old preterm babies, tMg and iMg were similar, regardless of GA. High sMg may be a risk factor for IVH in premature babies, regardless of their exposure to antenatal magnesium.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.737-748
• /
• 2018

We evaluated the physicochemical and storage characteristics of Hanwoo Tteokgalbi treated with onion skin powder (OSP) and blackcurrant fruit powder (BFP). The experimental design included seven treatments: a control (ascorbic acid 0.1%), T1: OSP 0.3%, T2: OSP 0.6%, T3: BFP 0.3%, T4: BFP 0.6%, T5: OSP 0.15%+BFP 0.15%, and T6: OSP 0.3%+BFP 0.3%. The OSP was higher in both polyphenol and flavonoid contents compared to BFP (p<0.05). The moisture and ash contents of all Tteokgalbi samples with a large amount of added natural antioxidant powder (0.6%) were higher than those with small amounts of added antioxidant (0.3%). The cooking loss and water holding capacity were outstanding in the T2 treatment compared to the others (p<0.05). The lightness, redness, and yellowness values were reduced on the addition of 0.6% antioxidant powder (p<0.05). The springiness and cohesiveness values of the Tteokgalbi samples were higher for the 0.3% addition than the control and 0.6% addition (p<0.05). The Tteokgalbi samples with natural antioxidants showed similar sensory attribute scores compared to the control. The pH values reduced as the BFP increased (p<0.05), and the total microbial count increased after OSP addition. The 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance values of the samples treated with OSP were significantly lower than the control after day 10 (p<0.05). As a result, the addition of OSP or BFP did not have a significant negative influence on the quality characteristics of Hanwoo Tteokgalbi. In particular, the addition of 0.6% OSP was effective in increasing water retentivity and inhibiting lipid oxidation.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.9 no.5
• /
• pp.415-422
• /
• 2000

In this study the removal possibility of nutrients of T-P, NH3-N, NO3-N and T-N is examined through a positive experimental study using submerged biofilter of media packing channel method. From the analysis of nutrients removal efficiency for each run of the collected sample following results are obtained. Firstly the result of N/P surveying for inflow shows serious value that excess the limit value of 20 as the values are in the range of 12.0~42.7 and the average is 25.73. Secondly the highest concentration of the incoming NH3-N reaches double of the standard since the concentrations of NH3-N and NO3-N for inflow shows 0.06mg/$\ell$ and 2.5~3.8mg/$\ell$ respectively and the average removal rate which passed the submerged biofilter adopted in this study is a satisfactory level. Next the average removal rate of T-P of 51.5% shows the possiblity of entrophication removal since the removal rate of T-P of 66.8~68.8% in relative low temperature period of RUN 1~2 appeared higher than in RUN 3~6 and T-N shows relatively poor result with the average removal rate of 34.1% And it is known that the bigger BOD/P and BOD/N are the more removal rate increases from the examination result of the relation between BOD/P and BOD/N and the treatment water T-P and T-N to decide the relation with the concentration of organic matters and though that the appropriate proportion is necessary for effective removal of nitrogen and phsophorus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to look into relationship between image of physiotherapist and self-esteem of physiotherapy students and desirable image of physiotherapists offer to establish basic materials. METHODS: The subjects of this study are consist of 603 students of department of Physical therapy university and college in Busan and Kim-hae. Data are collected from June 9 to July 9 in 2011 by structured questionnaires. RESULTS: The result are as follows. 1. at the physiotherapist image score, the highest score question is "Physiotherapist is specialist"(3.45) and the lowest score question is "Physiotherapist is treated samely with doctor"(2.15). 2. at the self-esteem score, the highest score question is "I think that I am at least as valuable as others"(3.37) and the lowest score question is "I can be poorly sometimes"(2.81). 3. at the static results of physiotherapist image score gap by general characteristics, there are significantly different in gender(t=2.27, p=.02), similar profession distinction(t=4.30, p=.00), major satisfaction(t=5.74, p=.00), school system (t=-2.54, p=.01). 4. at the static results of self-esteem score gap by general characteristics, there are significantly different in years (f=5.14, p=.00), gender(t=4.09, p=.00), religion(f=2.87, p=.04), similar profession distinction(t=3.97, p=.00), major satisfaction(t=4.26, p=.00). 5. at the static results of good reputation of physiotherapists increase self-esteem of physiotherapy students score question are significantly different(r=0.53, p=.00). CONCLUSION: Accordingly, these results of this study that there is a very correlation between image of physiotherapist and self-esteem of physiotherapy students. Therefore, good reputation of physiotherapists increase self-esteem of physiotherapy students.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.360-370
• /
• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to identify factors (pain stress, perceived stress, pain disability, fatigue, depression) strategies used by elders to cope with pain based on their type of pain belief. Method: Data were collected from 314 elders in community settings in Seoul from September to December of 2007. Cluster analysis, t-test, and ANOVA were used to analyze data. Result: The types of pain belief were classified as the following groups: Self-blame, Enduring & Mysterious, and Short-term & Understandable. Perceived stress (t=2.36, p=.02), social support (t=2.24, p=.03), extent of pain relief (t=2.39, p=.02), and duration of pain relief (t=2.09, p=.04) were important factors for active and passive coping in the Self-blame group. Pain stress (t=2.39, p=.01) and depression (t=-3.99, p=.00) were significantly related to the active coping in the Enduring & Mysterious group. Perceived stress (t=2.55, p=.01) was an important factor in the passive coping in the Short-term & Understandable group. Conclusion: Considering different types of pain belief in elders and factors that are significantly related to different coping strategies, future nursing interventions should be population specific to encourage active coping strategies and to decrease passive coping strategies.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.10-18
• /
• 2006

This study was designed to learn attitudes to euthanasia of nursing student. Data were collected from May 1 to May 30, 2005 by structured questionaires. The respondents joined in the study were 307 nursing student. Data were analyzed using SPSS program by percentage, t-test, one-way ANOVA and scheffe, The results obtained were as follows :1. The mean scores for euthanasia were 3.16 in medical ethics, 2.85 in respect for life, 2.83 in patient's rights, and 2.63 in quality of life, being 2.85 overall. 2. Those who have grade showed significantly higher scores for euthanasia. 3. About 56% of the respondents did not agree that passive euthanasia is justifiable, and 55% did not like performance of euthanasia. 4. The group admitting that passive euthanasia is ethically justifiable showed significantly higher scores in the patient's rights(t=6.031, p=.000), the respect for life(t=5.280, p=.000) and the medical ethics(t=5.558, p=.000) than the group which do not admit. 5. The group which would perform passive euthanasia showed significantly higher scores in the patient's rights(t=6.329, p=.000), the respect for life(t=6.339, p=.000), the quality of life (t=1.993, p=.047) and the medical ethics(t=6.240, p=.000) than the group which would not perform passive euthanasia.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.102-110
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a nurse-led community comprehensive exercise program on the body composition, physical function, and health-related quality of life in elderly patients with osteoporosis. Method: The study was conducted with one group pretest-posttest design. A total of 57 elderly patients participated in 8 weeks of intervention. Data was analyzed with the SPSS ver. 23.0 using descriptive statistics and paired t-test. Results: At the end of the intervention, body mass index was significantly increased (t=2.93, p=.005), but right leg balance (t=2.40, p=.02) was significantly improved. In addition, the total Korean-Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (K-WOMAC) (t=3.48, p=.001), knee pain (t=2.61, p=.012), stiffness (t=2.53, p=.014), and physical function (t=3.51, p=.001) were significantly decreased. EuroQoL Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) scores (t=4.25, p<.001) were significantly improved. Conclusion: The nurse-led eight-week community comprehensive exercise program did not show desirable change in the body composition but was effective on the physical function and health-related quality of life for older people with osteoartritis.