• 한국양식학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.183-191
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• 1998

조개류의 인공종묘생산시 생멱이생물의 대체먹이원을 개발하기 위해 냉동 EH는 건조한 먹이생물의 먹이효율을 조사하였다. T. suecica를 대상으로 실험구를 생 T. suecica, 건조 T. suecica, 냉동 T. suecica, 생 T. suecica(50%)+냉동 T. suecica(50%), 생 T. suecica(50%)건조 T. suecica(50%)를 구분하여 참굴과 개량조개 유생 그리고 바지락 치패에게 먹이로 공급하며 먹이효율을 비교하였다. 참굴 유생의 경우는 생 T. suecica를 공급한 실험구가 각고 $231.9^{\mu}$m로 성장이 가장 좋았고, 생존율은 72.6%로 가장 높게 나타났으며 다른 실험구와 유의적인 차이를 보였으며 건조 T. suecica를 단독으로 공급한 실험구에 각고 $168.7^{\mu}$m, 생존율 39.3%로 가장 저조한 것으로 나타났다. 개량조개 유생에서는 생 T. suecica를 공급한 실험구가 각장 $213.0^{\mu}$m, 생존율 42.9%로 가장 좋았으나 다른 실험구와 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 바지락 소형 치패의 경우 성장은 생 T. suecica, 생 T. suecica(50%)+냉동T. suecica50%)를 공급한 실험구와 다른 실험구와 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 그리고 대형 치패 경우 성장은 생 T. suecica, 생 T. suecica(50%)+건조 T. suecica(50%) 실험구와 유의적인 차이를 나타냈다. 그러나 바지락 치패의 생존율에서는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이와같이 냉동, 건조된 T. suecica의 먹이효율은 유생의 종류와 성장단계에 따라 다른 것으로 나타났으며 생 T. suecica를 부분적으로 대체할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2009

In this study, we focused on natural water-soluble antioxidants from Tetraselmis suecica (T. suecica) and Chlorella ellipsoidea (C. ellipsoidea). They were prepared by enzymatic digestion using five carbohydrases (Viscozyme, Celluclast, AMG, Termamyl and Ultraflo) and five proteases (Protamex, Alcalase, Flavourzyme, Neutrase, and Kojizyme), and the potential antioxidant activity of each was assessed. Most enzymatic digests from T. suecica had a higher radical scavenging activity than those from C. ellipsoidea. Among the enzymatic digests, Kojizyme digest from T. suecica exhibited the highest effect on DPPH radical scavenging. Viscozyme (30.2%) and Neutrase (34.6%) digests from T. suecica exhibited higher hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Kojizyme digest from T. suecica (81.5%) had strong alkyl radical scavenging activity. Neutrase (61.9%) and Kojizyme (61.5%) digest from T. suecica possessed the highest effects on hydrogen peroxide scavenging. Among the tested samples, Neutrase (TN) and Kojizyme (TK) digests from T. suecica showed the highest antioxidant activity (DPPH, alkyl radical, hydrogen peroxide). Therefore, TN and TK digests were selected for use in the further experiments. Those digests showed enhanced cell viability against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative damage, and relatively good hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity in an African green monkey kidney (Vero) cell line. These results suggested that an enzymatic digestion will be an effective way for the production of a potential water-soluble antioxidant from a microalgae, T. suecica.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2023

본 연구는 Tetraselmis suecica와 T. tetrathele의 영양물질 증진효과를 가져올 수 있는 배양시스템 구축을 위하여, 발광다이오드(LED)의 파장별(청색; 450 nm, 황색; 590 nm, 적색; 630 nm) 탄수화물, 단백질, 지질 함량을 측정하였다. 두 종 모두 단백질 비율(42~69%)이 가장 높았으며, 생장속도가 낮았던 황색파장에서 탄수화물, 단백질, 지질의 높은 함량을 보였고, 생장속도가 가장 높았던 적색파장에서는 낮은 함량을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 세포 분열 속도의 감소로 인해 단백질 합성과 함께 세포의 화학적 조성과 효소 활동에 변화를 주어 지질과 탄수화물 함량이 증가한 것으로 생각된다. 따라서, T. suecica와 T. tetrathele의 유용한 생화학적 물질의 증대를 위해 대수생장기 초기와 중기는 적색 LED 그리고 대수생장기 후기에는 황색 LED를 주사하는 2단계 LED 배양을 제안하였다.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2008

본 연구는 입이 작은 어류들의 초기 먹이생물로 이용 가능성이 있는 초소형 rotifer Synchaeta kitina의 대량배양을 위한 이들의 최적 먹이생물 및 공급량을 규명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 초소형 rotifer S. kitina를 대상으로 각기 다른 종류의 먹이를 6개(TET, ISO, CHL, TET+ISO, TET+CHL 및 ISO+CHL)의 실험구로 나누어 이들의 최고밀도, 포란률, 성장률, 발달단계, 산란수 및 수명 등을 조사하였다. 먹이종류에 따른 밀집배양에서 최고밀도, 포란률 및 성장률은 T. suecica를 단독 또는 혼합 공급한 실험구가 그렇지 않은 실험구에 비해 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 개체배양 실험에서도 생식 전 단계, 순 생식 단계, 산란수 및 수명이 T. suecica를 공급한 실험구에서 더 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 먹이 공급량에 따른 개체 및 밀집배양 실험에서는 rotifer 개체 당 T. suecica를 10,000세포로 공급하는 것이 최고밀도, 포란률, 성장률, 산란수 및 수명에 효율적인 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 초소형 rotifer S. kitina의 대량배양을 위한 최적의 먹이생물은 T. suecica이며, 그에 따른 공급량은 개체 당 10,000 세포가 적합할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2002

해양 미세조류는 해양생물의 영양원으로서 대부분 소비되고 있으며, 그 종류도 매우 다양하다. 이들 미세조류로부터 유용물질의 회수 및 이용은 미이용 수산자원의 효율적 이용과 아울러 생물 및 식량자원으로서 그리고 새로운 기능성 소재로서 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 해양 미세조류의 효율적인 이용을 위하여 비교적 성장이 빠르고 배양이 용이한 담녹조류인 T. suecica 중의 항산화성 물질을 분리정제하여 구조를 결정하였다. 미세조류 T. suecica의 유기용매 추출물 중의 항산화성은 chloroform 획분이 가장 좋았으며, 이 획분을 silica gel column chromatography, PTLC 및 HPLC를 사용하여 항산화성 물질을 분리${\cdot}$정제하였다. Silica gel column을 사용하여 분리된 획분의 항산화성은 hexane: ethylacetate (1:5)로 용출시킨 획분에서 가장 높았다. 이 획분은 PTLC에 전개하여 8개의 획분을 얻었으며, 그 중에서 Rf값 0.40인 획분에서 활성이 높게 나타났다 HPLC에서 단일 획분으로 정제된 물질의 항산화성은$IC_{50}$ 값으로 10.2$\mu$g/mL였으며, 화학적으로 합성된 항산화제인 BHT 및 BHA보다는 낮았지만 천연 항산화제인 $\alpha$-tocopherol과 비교될 수 있었다 이 물질의 화학적 구조는 chlorophyll을 전구체로 하는 pheophorbide-a로 동정되었으며, 항산화 활성은 a-tocopherol과 비교될 수 있어 식품 및 관련분야에서 항산화제로서 이용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1957-1968
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• 2019

Tetraselmis is a green algal genus, some of whose species are important in aquaculture as well as biotechnology. In algal culture, fluorescent lamps, traditional light source for culturing algae, are now being replaced by a cost-effective light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In this study, we investigated the effect of LED light of different wavelengths (white, red, yellow, and blue) on the growth of Tetraselmis suecica and its associated microbial community structures using the next-generation sequencing (NGS). The fastest growth rate of T. suecica was shown in the red light, whereas the slowest was in yellow. The highest OTUs (3426) were identified on day 0, whereas the lowest ones (308) were found on day 15 under red light. The top 100 OTUs associated with day 0 and day 5 cultures of T. suecica under the red and yellow LED were compared. Only 26 OTUs were commonly identified among four samples. The highest numbers of unique OTUs were identified at day 0, indicating the high degree of initial microbial diversity of the T. suecica inoculum. The red light-unique OTUs occupied 34.98%, whereas the yellow-specific OTUs accounted for only 2.2%. This result suggested a higher degree of interaction in T. suecica culture under the red light, where stronger photosynthesis occurs. Apparently, the microbial community associated with T. suecica related to the oxygen produced by algal photosynthesis. This result may expand our knowledge about the algae-bacteria consortia, which would be useful for various biotechnological applications including wastewater treatment, bioremediation, and sustainable aquaculture.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2007

This study selected the optimal microalgal species for mass culture of a brackish water copepod Paracyclopina nana. Fifteen microalgal species were tested to examine nauplius production and the survival and maturation of brood females. Total and daily nauplius production were highest in P. nana fed Tetraselmis suecica followed Isochrysis galbana, Dunaliella tertiolecta, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. With a monospecific microalgal diet, the total density was highest with P. nana fed I. galbana, at 63.3 inds./mL. With a mixed microalgal diet, the total density of P. nana fed T. suecica+I. galbana was higher than that fed other mixed diets, although there was no difference between a monospecific diet of I. galbana and a mixed diet of T. suecica+I. galbana. Examining the fatty acid composition of P. nana, the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was highest in P. nana fed T. suecica at 5.4% while the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content was highest I. galbana diet at 31.9%. Although no DHA was detected in T. suecica, P. nana fed this microalgal species had a high DHA composition of 24.3%. We suggest that the optimal microalgal species for the mass culture of P. nana is T. suecica which is easy to culture on masse and has a high linolenic acid content.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.187-194
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• 2013

Microalgae are sensitive indicators of environmental changes, and hence they are widely used in environmental risk assessments and for the development of discharge guidelines. Here we evaluated the toxicity of metals and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) to the marine green microalga, Tetraselmis suecica. The toxicants investigated included the metals, Cu, Ni, and Pb; and the EDCs, bisphenol A (BPA), endosulfan (ES), and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB). The endpoints were variations in cell counts and chlorophyll a levels. T. suecica displayed a varied pattern of sensitivity to the toxicants. Based on the 72-h median effective concentration ($EC_{50}$), ES (0.045 mg/L) was most toxic to T. suecica, followed by PCB (3.96 mg/L) and Pb (9.62 mg/L). Interestingly, T. suecica was relatively tolerant to Cu (43.03 mg/L). The 72-h $EC_{50}$ values of Ni and BPA were approximately 16 mg/L. Our data suggest that this species may be relatively tolerant to most of the chemicals within their permissible limits in the environment.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.757-761
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to determine optimum conditions for the cultivation of Tetraselmis suecica (T. suecica) under illumination of four different types of LEDs (i.e., blue, red, white, and mixed). Initial cell concentration was $4{\times}10^4$ cells/mL and temperature of reactor was maintained between 21-$24^{\circ}C$. Specific growth rates were 0.72 $day^{-1}$(white), 0.58 $day^{-1}$(red), 0.49 $day^{-1}$(mixed), and 0.49 $day^{-1}$(blue). Thus, white LEDs was used for the cultivation of T. suecica. Tests with white LEDs under different light intensity, which was conducted to determine optimum light intensity of white LEDs, showed that 9,000 lux of illumination resulted in fastest cell growth and greatest cell concentrations. To avoid shadow effects by dense cell populations, aeration was performed. Cell concentration increased 3.8 times when aeration was used.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2001

This study is to investigate biochemical compositions of two species of marine microalgae, Chlorella ellipsoidea of Chlorophyta and Tetraselmis suecica of Prasinophyta, and to assess their potential antimicrobial activities. Crude protein, lipid and carbohydrate for C. ellipsoidea were $43.15\%$, $12.63\%$ and $13.09\%$, respectively, and those for T. suecica were $44.95\%$, $4.80\%$ and $24.05\%$, respectively. The major amino acids of the two micro algae were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, lysine and proline, and no significant difference between the amino acid compositions of both micro algae was observed. The major sugars for both microalgae were glucose, galactose and mannose, and glucose contents showed the highest level, $58.70\%$ for C. ellipsoidea and$57.86\%$ for T. suecica. The major mineral contents of both micro algae for 100g were Ca (3,114mg in C. ellipoidea and 3,389mg in T. suecica) and followed by Na (2,881mg), K (548mg) and Mg (545mg) for C. ellipsoidea and Na (1,832 mg), Mg (1,510mg) and K (548mg) for T. suecica. In the content of ATP-related compound, hypoxanthine in C. ellipsoidea and IMP in T. suecica were absolutely dominant compounds. The highest content of fatty acid in C. ellipsoidea was 20:4, $27.15\%$ and that in T. suecica was 18:3 (w-6), $18.10\%$. In case of physiologically important polyunsaturated fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid (20: 5) and docosahexaenoic acid (22: 6), both microalgae possessed just trace amounts but was rich in arachidonic acid (20: 4). Vitamin content in both microalgae was significantly high in choline and inositol. In antimicrobial activity by water- and fat-soluble fraction of the micro algae, hexane extract in the fat-soluble fraction of C. elliposidea inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis by $96\%$ bactericidal activity and tetrachlorocarbon extract of T. suecica indicated relatively excellent antimicrobial activity $(81\%\;bactericidal\;activity)$ against Escherichia coli. Hot water extract among water-soluble fraction of both micro algae almost suppressed the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by $96\%$ bactericidal activity.