• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.345-352
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the level of self esteem, assertiveness and interpersonal relationship according to the style of conflict management among nursing students. Methods: The subjects of this study were 236 nursing students who enrolled in sophomore classes at A university in J city. The data were analysed with descriptive analysis including t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Compromising was the most prevalent style(45.8%) for managing conflict and collaborating style was 8.5%. Collaborating style for managing conflict showed the highest score in self-esteem, assertiveness, and interpersonal relationship. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, developing an intervention program that can lead to change the style of conflict management and to improve self esteem, assertiveness and interpersonal relationship is suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1661-1671
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• 2016

Risk analysis is a systematic study of uncertainties and risks we encounter in business, engineering, public policy, and many other areas. Value at Risk (VaR) is one of the most widely used risk measurements in risk management. In this paper, the Korean Composite Stock Price Index data has been utilized to model the VaR employing the classical ARMA (1,1)-GARCH (1,1) models with normal, t, generalized hyperbolic, and generalized pareto distributed errors. The aim of this paper is to compare the performance of each model in estimating the VaR. The performance of models were compared in terms of the number of VaR violations and Kupiec exceedance test. The GARCH-GPD likelihood ratio unconditional test statistic has been found to have the smallest value among the models.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.37-48
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• 2011

Recently, the social and environmental functions of nature river are important due to the increase of expectation for river restoration. So it should be considered the effect of vegetation affecting the conveyance capacity and hydraulic resistance. However, it has not yet proposed a objective standard and modeling method to estimate the effect of conveyance capacity according to vegetaion distribution in the watercourse such as water level or velocity. Therefore, this study simulates the variations of water level and velocity using 3-dimensional hydrodynamic model, EFDC, to consider a conveyance capacity in downstream of the Soyang Reservoir. The simulation results were validated using statistical index such as F-test and T-test. As results, the water level rises about 0.01 to 0.47m and velocity difference are about -0.95m/s to 0.23m/s.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

This paper developed the chassis part as micro-alloyed steel with high toughness. The performance of micro-alloy steels are superior to similar heat treated steels. The strengthening effects of vanadium make micro-alloyed steels particularly suited for high-strength-steel applications. The disadvantages are that ductility and toughness are not as good as quenched and tempered (Q&T) steels. Precipitation hardening increases strength but may contribute to brittleness. Toughness can be improved by reducing carbon content and titanium additions. dispersed titanium nitrides (TiN) formed by titanium additions effectively prevents grain coarsening. Grain refinement increases strength but also improves toughness. For the chassis parts using high toughness micro-alloy steel, it had proven superior to a plain steel forging by static strength test and endurance test.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.285-291
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• 2005

In this paper, the author proposes a fatigue damage parameter of spot welded joints under proportional loading. The proposed fatigue damage parameter is developed based on von Mises' equivalent stress and local structural stress at the edge of spot weld nugget. The structural stress at the edges of the weld nugget in each sheet is calculated using the forces and moments that are determined by finite element analysis. A structural equivalent stress is then calculated by von Mises' equivalent stress equation. The structural equivalent stresses are correlated to experimental fatigue life of the spot welded joints. The proposed parameter is evaluated with fatigue test data of spot welds subjected to multi axial and tensile-shear loads. Sheppard's parameter and Rupp and co-workers' parameter are also evaluated with the same test data to compare with the author's parameter. This proposed parameter presents a better correlation with experimental fatigue data than those of Sheppard's and Rupp and co-workers' parameter. The proposed parameter should be very effective for durability calculations during the early design phase since coarsely meshed finite element models can be employed.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.14 no.8 s.80
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• pp.668-674
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• 2005

In sheet metal forming, drawbeads are often used to control uneven material flow which may cause deffets such as wrinkles, fractures, surface distortion and springback. Appropriate setting and adjusting of the drawbead force is one of the most important parameters in sheet forming process control. Therefore in this study, drawbead friction test with circular shape bead was performed at various sheets, lubricants(dry, three kinds of lubricants having different viscosities), bead materials and surface treatments of bead surface. The results obtained by drawbead friction test show that the friction and drawing characteristics of deforming panels were mainly influenced by strength of sheet, viscosity of lubricant and hardness of bead surface.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.181-189
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the predictors of maternal confidence between primipara and multipara mothers. Methods: The participants enrolled in this study were 145 mothers between 2 and 5 days postpartum. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, $X^2$ test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The predictors of maternal confidence among primipara mothers were social support, self-esteem, mode of delivery ($R^2$=.287, p<.001). Whereas, gender of baby, antenatal fetal attachment, and educational status explained maternal confidence among multipara mothers ($R^2$=.270, p<.001). Conclusion: The results indicate that when nurses develop programs to encourage maternal confidence for new mothers, they should take into account the differences between predictors of maternal confidence according to the mothers' experience of birth.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.1025-1028
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• 2004

In this paper, we studied low cycle fatigue behavior of laser welded sheet metal that used automobile body panel. Specimens were manufactured as weld condition and sheet metal using automobile manufacturing company at present. For to know mechanical properties, micro Vicker's hardness test was performed of specimens. But, we can't confirm mechanical properties of weld bead and heat affected zone because laser weld makes very narrow weld bead and heat affected zone than other welding method. Therefore, we performed low cycle fatigue test with similar weldment, dissimilar weldment, similar thickness and dissimilar weldment, and dissimilar thickness and dissimilar weldment for fatigue properties of thickness and welding direction. As well, we analysis stress distribution of base metal, weld bead, and heat affected zone according to strain load using finite element method.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.849-854
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• 2002

From the analysis results of some as-built drawings in national roadway bridges in Korea, many bridge piers are expected to show complex shear-flexural behaviour under earthquakes. But the previous research works about the seismic evaluation of bridges considered flexural behaviour RC piers only. In addition, the past bridge design specifications in Korea didn't include limitation on the amount of longitudinal lap splices in the plastic hinge zone of piers. Thus a large majority of non-seismically designed bridge piers in Korea may have lap splices in plastic hinge zone. In this study, prototype pier was selected among existent bridge piers whose failure mode is expected to be complex shear-flexural mode. And then, full scale and 1/2 reduced scale model RC piers with various longitudinal lap splice details were constructed. From the quasi static test results on these model RC piers, the effect of longitudinal lap splices on the seismic performance of bridges piers was analyzed. And the seismic capacity of the non-seismically designed shear-flexural RC piers was evaluated.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.54-59
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• 2012

In the present study, process optimization for thermal-sprayed Ni-based alloy coating has been performed using Taguchi method and analysis of variance(ANOVA). Ni-based alloy coatings were fabricated by flame spray process on steel substrate, and the hardness test and wear test were performed. Experiments were designed as per Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array and tests were conducted with different Oxygen gas flow, Acetylene gas flow, Powder feed rate and Spray distance. Multi response signal to noise ratio (MRSN) was calculated for the response variables and the optimum combination level of factors was obtained simultaneously using Taguchi's parametric design.