• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.386-393
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• 1994

This study aims to establish the most favorable recipe for Mokwapyun. The ingredients were changed in a variety aspects. The kind and amount of sugar and starch are following: white sugar, brown sugar, honey(4T, 5T); white sugar and honey, brown sugar and honey(2T+2T, 3T+1T, 3T+2T). There are potato starch and mungbean starch. In this, the amount of starch to water are 4t to 3t and 5t to 3t. The moisture content of Mokwa was 76.23%, and that of Mokwapyun made of mungbean starch 41~50%, and the Mokwapyun made of potato starch was 38~47%. The pH of Mokwa juice was 3.15~3.43. The brix of Mokwa juice was 5.3%, and that of Mokwapyun made of potato starch was 43.1~45.9%, and the Mokwapyun made of mungbean starch was 40.1~46.5%. Mokwapyun tasted the best when it was made of potato starch(starch to water=4t to 3t) mixed white sugar(3T) and honey(1) than that of made of one kind of sugar, and was higer evaluated the texture.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.202-208
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• 2014

This study was carried out investigate the effects of dietary addition of mineral and sugar on the dry matter intake, daily gain, yield grade and quality grade of Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) steers. Three diets fed to steers included a control diet (concentrate mix and rice straw : C) and two treatments diet (control diet + black sugar 100 g + mineral 100 g : T1, and control diet + black sugar 150 g + mineral 50 g : T2). The results are summarized as follows; total feeding intake, body weight gain and daily gain did not show significant differences among the three treatments. Cold carcass weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2 than in the other two treatments (C and T1). There was no significant difference in yield traits of back fat thickness, longissimus muscle area and yield grade among the three treatments (C, T1 and T2). Marbling score showed significantly (p<0.05) higher in order of T2 (5.67) > T1 (4.67) > C (3.67). Meat color, fat color, texture and maturity were no significant difference. Quality grade was higher in T2 than in the other two treatments (C and T1), but there was no significant difference. The results show that marbling score and quality grade of Hanwoo can be increased by high dry matter intake with feeding addition of mineral and sugar.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.176-182
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of muffin made with tagatose which substituted sugar. Moisture contents were measured and Texture Profile Analysis was carried out during 3 day storage. 3 types of muffin, T0 (no tagatose added, sugar was the only sweet taste source), T25 (tagatose : sugar = 25:75(w/w), and T50 (tagatose : sugar = 50:50(w/w) were prepared. As the tagatose contents increased, the Maillard reaction proceeded more, so the color of the muffin crust was darker. Moisture contents of muffins decreased during storage, up to 2 days of storage, moisture contents of T25 and T50 were higher significantly, but at the 3rd day of storage, no differences were detected among samples. In the texture profile analysis, hardness, chewiness and fracturability were higher as the tagatose contents increased. Springiness and cohesiveness did not show any differences between T0 and T25 significantly. In the sensory evaluation, T0 got the lower points on the crust color value, but the crust colors were not significantly different among samples. Other characteristics like crumb color, moistness, sweetness, flavor and overall acceptance were not different significantly. As a result, when synbiotic and low-calorie tagatose was partly added to muffin up to 50 % as sugar substitute, overall qualities of those muffins were not different with only sugar added ones, even moisture contents were higher but color was a little bit darker, so tagatose can be used on making healthy muffins successfully.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.99-112
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of oral vitamin C supplements on blood sugar and serum lipid level(total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein) in non-insulin independent diabetes mellitus. The study design was a non equivalent control group pre-test post-test design. Data for the study were collected from June 24 to August 31, 2001. The ninty-five research subject were assigned to experimental group(51) and control group(44). Vitamin C(3g/day) was given to 51 subjects for 4 weeks. Following a 12h overnight fasting, blood sample was obstaind at baseline and at the end of 4week - supplementation. Blood samples were taken for plasma vitamin C concentration, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c and serum lipid level. The pre-equivalent test was used by Chi-squre, t-test and two group's pre and post experimental differences were analyzed by t-tset to compare with each other. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. The difference between the two groups in plasma vitamin C concentration was significant(t=-12.950, p=.000). 2. The difference between the two groups in fasting blood sugar was significant(t=5.293, p=.000). 3. The difference between the two groups in HbA1c was not significant(t=1.758, p=.082). 4. The difference between the two groups in total cholesterol, HDL, LDL was significant(t=3.786, p=.000 ; t=-5.515, p=.000 ; t= 4.169, p = .000). These results suggest that megadose vitamin C supplementation be effective in lowering fasting blood sugar, serum lipids and increasing plasma vitamin C. Thus dietary measures to increase plasma vitamin C may be on important health strategy for reducing the compliance of diabetic patients.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.155-162
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of the mixed application of chemical fertilizer (CF) and liquid swine manure (LSM) on the agronomic characteristics, dry matter yield, amino acids, minerals, and free sugars in cultivating Sorghum ${\times}$ Sudangrass hybrid (SSH) on paddy soil. The field experiment was designed in a randomized block design with three replications and consisted of CF 100% (C), CF 70% + LSM 30% (T1), CF 50% + LSM 50% (T2), CF 30% + LSM 70% (T3), and LSM 100% treatment (T4). The application of LSM was based solely on the nitrogen. Plant length, leaf length, leaf width and number of leaf were significantly higher in T4 (p<0.05), but stem diameter did not show significant differences among treatments. Stem hardness increased significantly (p<0.05) as the LSM application rate decreased, but sugar degree decreased significantly (p<0.05) as the LSM application rate decreased. Fresh yield, dry matter yield and TDN yield were the highest in T4, whereas the lowest in T2 (p<0.05). Crude protein, crude fat and crude ash were the highest in C, T4 and T2, respectively (p<0.05). However, NDF and ADF did not show significant difference among treatments. Crude fiber decreased significantly (p<0.05) as the LSM application rate increased. The total mineral content was decreased significantly (p<0.05) as the LSM application rate increased. Total amino acid content was higher in the order of T1> C> T3> T4> T2 (p<0.05). Free sugar content increased significantly (p<0.05) as the LSM application rate increased. The analysis of all the above results suggests that the application of liquid swine manure is very effective, considering the yield performance and the content of sugar degree and free sugar. In addition, liquid swine manure may be possible to grow Sorghum ${\times}$ Sudangrass hybrid without chemical fertilizer.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.192-198
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• 1990

Three sugar glass dispersions of sulfamerazine were prepared using dextrose, galactose and sucrose as the carriers, with the ratio of the drug to the carrier was 1:9. The chemical stability of sulfamerazine in the glass dispersion system was studied using TLC. TLC revealed no additional spot and there was good correspondence with the Sulfamerazine itself. While time required to dissolve 50%($T_{50%}$) of sulfamerazine powder was 390 min that of dextrose glass dispersion system was 1.5 min. and galactose system was 4.0 min. in distilled water. 23) $T_{50%}$ of physical mixture with dextrose, galactose and sucrose were 26.4 min., 26.5 min., and 26.0 min. respectively in distilled water. $T_{50%}$ of control was 54 min. and those of all of the glass dispersion systems were within 1 min. in 0.1N HCl. The dissolution rates of sulfamerazine from sugar glass dispersion system in distilled water was greater than that in 0.1N HCl.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.161-169
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• 2019

Fumigaclavine C (FC), an active indole alkaloid, is obtained from endophytic Aspergillus terreus (strain No. FC118) by the root of Rhizophora stylosa (Rhizophoraceae). This study is designed to evaluate whether FC has anti-adipogenic effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and whether it ameliorates lipid accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. FC notably increased the levels of glycerol in the culture supernatants and markedly reduced lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. FC differentially inhibited the expressions of adipogenesis-related genes, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor proteins, CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins, and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins. FC markedly reduced the expressions of lipid synthesis-related genes, such as the fatty acid binding protein, lipoprotein lipase, and fatty acid synthase. Furthermore, FC significantly increased the expressions of lipolysis-related genes, such as the hormone-sensitive lipase, Aquaporin-7, and adipose triglyceride lipase. In HFD-induced obese mice, intraperitoneal injections of FC decreased both the body weight and visceral adipose tissue weight. FC administration significantly reduced lipid accumulation. Moreover, FC could dose-dependently and differentially regulate the expressions of lipid metabolism-related transcription factors. All these data indicated that FC exhibited anti-obesity effects through modulating adipogenesis and lipolysis.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.265-274
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• 2000

To investigate the effects of anion replacement on NO3- concentration in Italian ryegrass. Plants weregrown hydroponically to the full vegetative stage. NO3 supply(control) was replaced with SO1- (Tl), C1-(T2) and water (T3) to during 14 days. The determination of inorganic nutrient uptake and quantification ofprincipal metabolites (nitrate. protein and sugar) followed. Relatively high uptake of ~ a a'n d Ca" for controlplants, K+ and POJ- for T2 plants, and C 1 for TI plants was observed, respectively. Proteins in shoot andstubble were relatively higher in control and TI plants, which coupled N source. In root proteins largelydecreased (especially in T3 plants) during experimental period. Sugars in shoot of all four treatments tendedto decrease during the first 7 days and recovered afterward. Sugars in stubble also markedly decreased duringthe first 7 days, while those in root was much less varied during experimental period. After 14 days oftreatment, nitrate concentration in shoot of control plants was 13mgIg FW. Comparing to control: nitrate inshoot reduced by 27%, 46% and 50% in TI, T2 and T3 plants, respectively. Dry weight was slightlyincreased or not significantly changed in control, T1 and T2 plants, while a significant decrease(31.3% ofcontrol) occurred in T3 plants.(Key words : Italian ryegrass, Anion replacement, Ion uptake, Protein, Sugar, Nitrate)ptake, Protein, Sugar, Nitrate)

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.825-831
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• 2013

The study examined the physico-chemical properties and sensory characteristics of injeolmi when sugar was substituted to sugar alcohol such as sorbitol and xylitol. The moisture content, crude protein content, crude fat content, crude ash content, energy value, redness, water activity, hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness were not significantly different between the control with sugar and treatments with the sugar alcohol group (p>0.05). The lowest sugar content of injeolmi was observed in the treatment with sorbitol (T1). The adhesiveness of control was higher than that in treatment with sugar alcohol (p<0.05), but control had the lowest springiness (p<0.05). Although the sensory characteristics on color, flavor, tenderness did not show any statistical significance, the sweetness and the overall acceptability were the best in control and T5 group, which replaced sugar to 100% xylitol (p<0.05). The results of this study show that substitution by xylitol improved quality characteristics in injeolmi.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.70-107
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• 1992

This study was intended to assess the need of home nursing care and analyze the effect of home nursing care, and find out the problems during the performance of home nursing care for the chronic patients among the low-income people in urban area. Data collection by interview was carried out from Nov. 1991 to Jul. 1992. The main results were as follows; 1) Total subjects for the need assessment of home nursing care were 123 households wi th 488 persons in a urban poor area. Over half of households $(57.7\%)$ was teenage family. The overall living conditions were poor and the average monthly income was 580 thousands won. $74.8\%$ of subjects was covered by medical care insurance and only $4.7\%$ was covered by public assistance. The morbidity rate was $8.2\%$ among 488 subjects and $27.5\%$ of them was not treated at all, $30\%$ was treated in utilizing pharmacies or local clinics. 2) The subjects of home nursing care were 46 with Hypertension or DM who agreeded the participation of study among registered patients at a public health center in Incheon. Home visiting was performed at intervals per one month for one year. Most of them were the elder(mean age=61 years) and long term patients(7.8 years continued). Home nursing care was effective. That is, blood pressure(including systolic and diastolic pressure) was significantly reduced (t(n=22)=2.31, P=.031, t(n=24)=4.16, P=.000 respectively) and knowledge of disease(t(N=46)=-7.63, P=.000), attitude of disease (t(N =46) = -4.92, P=.000), and self-care(t(N =46) = -4.89, P= .000) were significantly improved through home nursing care. But there was no difference in blood sugar for diabetics between the beginning and the end of visits. At the beginning of visit for home nursing care, sex$(\beta=-0414,\;t=-3.012)$ and nursing need({3=.310, t=2.164) were influencing self-care, and duration of disease$(\beta=.297,\;t=2.106)$ and nursing need $(\beta=.385, t=20417)$ were influencing blood pressure, blood sugar level. Namely, the subjects who were male and had higher nursing need showed better self-care and the longer duration of disease and the higher nursing need were relationship with the better blood pressure and blood sugar level. At the end of visit for home nursing care after one year, the blood pressure and blood sugar level was influenced by age $(\beta.320,\;t= 2.242)$, duration of disease ($(\beta.352,\;t= 2.395)$ and nursing need $(\beta=.350,\;t=2.623)$ and self-care had no influencing factor. The higher age and the longer duration of disease and the higher nursing need were relationship with the better blood pressure and blood sugar level. 3) The problems that were found out during the performance of home nursing care were the absent of useful protocols for services and the clear evaluation base, and the difficulty of teaching elders who were the major part of our subjects.