• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.123-124
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• 2007

In this paper a comparison of several coarse time synchronization(CTS) algorithms for OFDM is presented. The goal of a CTS is to achieve a timing estimate that avoids IST in the receiver. Five coarse timing estimation algorithms are examined and their performances are compared associated with hardware complexity. Simulations has been performed for DVB-T 2K system in thee different channels.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.3 no.2 s.5
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• pp.305-313
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• 1999

To demodulate the received OFDM signal, symbol timing detection which finds symbol start in the received sample stream is required in the system initialization. In this paper, we analyze the effect of symbol timing offset and propose a new symbol timing detection algorithm, which is using the guard interval. The proposed algorithm requires low computational process and small memory size, and dose not be affected by frequency offset and phase offset. In addition, We apply this algorithm to European digital TV broadcasting model based on OFDM to evaluate the performance in AWGN and multipath fading channel by the computer simulation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.6A
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• pp.614-622
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose the frequency diversity scheme for performance improvement of a OFDM system without decreasing the spectral efficiency. In the proposed scheme, information bit is encoded to symbol by a simple procedure, and the encoded symbol is transmitted through the two lowest correlated sub-channels with the particular phase difference. At the receiver, a frequency diversity gain is obtained by a simple signal processing. We also suggest optimum phase difference value to minimize the performance degradation which resulted from a phase difference estimation error and bit/symbol mapping method to minimize BER. As results, at the point of performance improvement, the proposed scheme is excellent even though it requires a little increase of system complexity because of an additional encoding and decoding. In particular, we confirmed through computer simulation that on the same channel environment and bandwidth efficiency, the 27x/1Rx STBC-OFDM system adopting the proposed frequency diversity scheme outperforms the conventional 27x/1Rx STBC-OFDM system performance

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.485-488
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ：직교 주파수 분할 다중화) 전송방식을 사용한 시스템에서 주파수 옵셋으로 인한 동기 오차의 발생이 수신시스템에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 성능 개선기법으로 BCH부호기법을 적용하여 수신성능의 개선정도를 분석하였다. 결과에 의하면, BCH부호기법을 사용함으로써 T$_{s}$ f=0.02일 때 약 2dB의 BER 개선을 보였고, $\alpha$의 영향을 적게 받음을 알 수 있었고, T$_{s}$ f=0.05일 경우는 가드 인터벌 비율$\alpha$가 증가함에 따라 5dB이상의 BER 개선을 보이나 $\alpha$가 0.25이상에서는 여전히 요구되는 기준 BER를 만족하지 못함을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 낮은 수신전력(10dB)에서는 가드인터벌 비율의 변화보다는 주파수 옵셋량이 시스템 성능에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있고, 높은 수신전력에서는 (20dB) 주파수 옵셋량에 대해서는 강인한 성능을 보이지만 가드 인터벌 비율의 증가에 따라 BER 특성이 열화되는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.21 no.6 s.102
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• pp.124-132
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• 2006

무선 통신 시스템에서 다중 경로 감쇠로 인한 심볼의 크기와 위상의 왜곡이 일어나는데 이를 추정하여 보상하기 위해 채널 추정 기법이 사용된다. OFDM 시스템에서의 채널 추정 기법에는 훈련 심볼이나 파일럿을 사용하여 채널을 추정하는 기법과 파일럿을 사용하지 않는 Blind 채널 추정 기법 등이 있다. 본 고에서는 I장 개요에 이어 II장에서는 훈련 심볼을 이용한 채널 추정 기법을 WPAN과 WLAN을 예로 들어 설명하고 LS,1-D LMMSE, Low rank LMMSE 알고리듬에 대해 설명한다. III장에서는 PSAM 채널추정에 대해 1차원 PSAM 기법과 2차원 파일럿 패턴과 Wiener filtering을 이용한 2-D LMMSE, Low rank LMMSE, Separable Wiener filter에 대하여 설명한다. IV장에서는 ESAE와 Blind 채널 추정 기법을 간략히 소개하고, V장에서 채널 추정의 최신 연구 동향을 소개한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.482-485
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 전송방식과 DQPSK변조방식을 제안하고, 반송파에서 주파수 옵셋으로 인한 동기 오차의 발생이 수신시스템에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 성능 개선기법으로 부호기법을 적용하여 수신 성능의 개선정도를 분석하였다. 결과에 의하면, 부호기법을 사용함으로써 T$_{s}$ $\Delta$f=0.02일 때 약 2㏈의 BER 개선을 보였고, $\alpha$의 영향을 적게 받음을 알 수 있었고, T$_{s}$ $\Delta$f=0.05일 경우는 보호대역 비율$\alpha$가 증가함에 파라 5㏈이상의 BER 개선을 보이나 $\alpha$가 0.25이상에서는 여전히 요구되는 기준 BER를 만족하지 못함을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 낮은 수신전력(10 ㏈)에서는 보호대역 비율의 변화보다는 주파수 옵셋량이 시스템 성능에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있고, 높은 수신전력에서는(20 ㏈) 주파수 옵셋량에 대해서는 강인한 성능을 보이지만 보호대역 비율의 증가에 따라 BER 특성이 열화 되는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.8B
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• pp.787-795
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• 2002

This paper presents the architecture and the implementation of a 2K/4K/8K-point complex Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) processor for Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system. The architecture is based on the Cooley-Tukey algorithm for decomposing the long DFT into short length multi-dimensional DFTs. The transposition memory, shuffle memory, and memory mergence method are used for the efficient manipulation of data for multi-dimensional transforms. Booth algorithm and the COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer(CORDIC) processor are employed for the twiddle factor multiplications in each dimension. Also, for the CORDIC processor, a new twiddle factor generation method is proposed to obviate the ROM required for storing the twiddle factors. The overall 2K/4K/8K-FFT processor requires 600,000 gates, and it is implemented in 1.8 V, 0.18 ${\mu}m$ CMOS. The processor can perform 8K-point FFT in every 273 ${\mu}s$, 2K-point every 68.26 ${\mu}s$ at 30MHz, and the SNR is over 48dB, which are enough performances for the OFDM in DVB-T.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.08a
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• pp.389-393
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• 2008

OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) modulation using the orthogonal subcarriers reduces the delay spread by increasing robustness to multipath fading and can use overlapped bandwidth due to orthogonality on frequency domain. Thus data rate and spectral efficiency are increased. Because of these reason, OFDM is used for high speed data transmission for multimedia transmission as HSDPA, WiBro, WLAN. However OFDM also has drawbacks that have the high PAPR (Peak to Average Power Ratio). This high PAPR takes place because of parallel processing a number of data at once using a FFT processor. By high PAPR, amplifier doesn't act in dynamic range, so that BER performance is worse. In this paper, we reduce the PAPR using SLM(Selective Mapping). SLM doesn't effect on BER performance, but should transmit the side information for demodulation [2]. Also PAPR is higher as the number of FFT processor is larger. Thus SLM has high complexity. In this paper, we analyze the performance of SLM using scaling for no side information.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.09a
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• pp.229-232
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• 2000

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) has meanwhile become part of several telecommunicati ons standards, such as satellite and terrestrial digital audio broadcasting(DAB), digital terrestrial TV broad casting(DVB), asymmetric digital subscriber line(ADSL) for high-bit-rate digital subscriber services on twisted-pair channels, and broadband indoor wireless systems. In his paper, we show that OFDM signals contain sufficient structure to accomplish blind channel estimation using second order statistics only. This method doesn't require redundancy as cp in transmitter. And the result is compared with PSAM channel estimation as least square, linear minimum mean square, singular value decomposition.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06b
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• pp.153-156
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• 2002

FFT/IFFT block is very important module to determine the performance of OFDM system. This block has been implemented using several FFT algorithms such as radix-2, radix-4 etc. However SRFFT algorithm has not been implemented because of the complexity for implementation. This paper proposes a serial-pipeline SRFfT for OFDM system. The serial-pipeline SRFFT is optimized to use a serial input and serial output. We have implemented the SRFFT block using anam 0.25 Um five-metal process. The simulation show that the SRFFT block can operate about 200MHz. This architecture could be adapted to IEEE 802.lla wireless LAN standard.