• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제6권3_4호
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• pp.155-161
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• 1991

The water quality in Wonju stream, Seom river in Kangwon province and Bokha, Shindun stream in Kyeonggi province was investigated between the season of irrigation on July, 1990 and of non-irrigation on September in 1989. The results of water quality obtained from this study were as follows; As for water quality of the Wonju stream and the Seom river, the concentration of COD, T-N, SS and Cu, and for the Bokha, Shindun stream, the concentration of T-N, SS and Cu were exceeded standard levels of quality guideline of agricultural water use in the season of irrigation. However, in the water quality of Wonju and Bokha stream, the concentration of T-N , SS and Cu, and in the Seom river, the concentration of T-N, SS, Cu and Zn were exceeded standard levels of agricultural water quality in the season of non-irrigation. And the average water quality of the 4 streams were not suitable for agricultural water use. The comparison of the annual average water quality of the 4 streams for pH, DO, T-N and SS were in statistics significantly different with p values less than 0.01. When the average water quality between the season of irrigation and non-irrigation in each stream was compared, DO and COD in the Wonju stream, COD in the Seom river, pH, DO, T-N, SS and Cu in the Shindun stream showed a significant difference with p<0.01. The average in the sediment were; COD, 5.65∼26.53 ppm; Cu, 0.26∼0.49 ppm and Zn 0.95∼2.97 ppm. The concentration of three contaminants were markedly higher than the water quality. And the concentration of COD, Zn in the sediment showed a significant difference with p<0.01, and Cu showed a considerably significant difference with p<0.05.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제30권B호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2010

The influences on water quality of each river by effluents from environmental facilities $located^{*}$ in 14 unit watersheds of North- and South-Han River, and Gyungan-cheon were analyzed. Also, the water quality modeling for study area was carried out to analyze the improvement effect of water quality by the strengthening of T-P effluent standard of environmental facilities. For the calibration and verification of model, water quality data and effluent loading calculated for 2006 were used. Data of low water period were used for calibration, and normal water period for verification. The results of calibration and verification were well matched with the real water quality dataset of revers. Also, the validity of the results were estimated using RI (Reliability Index) method. When the T-P effluent standards for environmental facilities were strengthened, T-P concentrations were predicted to improve from $0.025mg/{\ell}$ to $0.023mg/{\ell}$ in the outlet location of North-Han River, from $0.056mg/{\ell}$ to $0.040mg/{\ell}$ for South-Han River,and from $0.233mg/{\ell}$ to $0.146mg/{\ell}$ for Gyungan-cheon. Also, the T-P concentrations of tributaries including Jojong-cheon, Dal-cheong, Sumgang, Chungmi-cheon, Bokha-cheon, Heuk-cheon, and Wonju-cheon were predicted to improve from $0.063mg/{\ell}$ to $0.010mg/{\ell}$, from $0.091mg/{\ell}$ to $0.053mg/{\ell}$, from $0.199mg/{\ell}$ to $0.100mg/{\ell}$, from $0.168mg/{\ell}$ to $0.148mg/{\ell}$, from $0.186mg/{\ell}$ to $0.105mg/{\ell}$, from $0.019mg/{\ell}$ to $0.013mg/{\ell}$, and from $0.822mg/{\ell}$ to $0.236mg/{\ell}$, respectively.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.311-317
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 낙동강수계에서의 수질 모니터링 자료를 이용하여 수질지수를 산정하고 생활환경기준과 비교를 통해 수질상태를 검토하였다. 수질지수는 환경부에서 현재 시행되고 있는 실시간수질지수(RWQI) 방법인 CCME-WQI을 사용하였으며 수질항목은 pH, DO, EC, 수온, TOC, T-N, T-P에 대해 7개 평가항목으로 선정하였다. 평가기간은 최근 3년간(2013년~2015년)으로 선정하였으며 해당 기간 내 측정된 수질 모니터링 자료를 이용하였다. 평가결과, 전 기간 평가 결과는 지수와 생활환경기준이 비슷한 경향을 보이나 월별 평가는 지수와 BOD, T-P 결과가 다르게 나타났다. 따라서 효율적인 하천관리를 위해서는 단일 수질항목만의 평가보다 복합적인 평가가 보다 필요할 것으로 신뢰성이 있는 것으로 검토되었다.

• 도시과학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2019

In this study, the DongPieHong Ditch were taken as the research object, five sampling points were set to measure the COD, NH₃-N,TNandTPindexes. The correlation and principal component analysis were used to judge the main pollution sources and calculate pollution contribution rate. According to the population in the basin, the load of point source pollution into the river was estimated. As a result, the load of COD, NH₃-N and TP into the river was 323.04t/a, 43.8t/a and 3.9t/a, respectively. According to the statistics of the rainfall in the basin, the concentrations of COD, TP and NH₃-N in the initial rainwater were measured and calculated for non-point source pollution, and the results shown that the inflow loads of COD, NH₃-N and TP into the river were 34.59t/a, 0.12t/a and 0.71t/a, respectively. It was found that the main cause of the pollution in the east flash flood gully was point source pollution, and the proportions of COD, NH₃-N and TP into the river were 90.33%, 99.72% and 84.61%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2003

This paper provides the checklist of statistical methods in the water environmental research of Han and Nakdong river basins in South Korea. There are many errors pointed out in adopting statistical methods for the researches, as an example, basic statistical assumptions are missed for t-tests or regression analyses. Some new ideas are proposed for better researches of the river basins in Korea.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.81-91
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• 1998

The objective of this study was to use remotely sensed data, combined with in situ data, for the assessment of trophic state for Daecheong reservoir. Three Landsat TM(Thematic Mapper) imagery data were processed to portray trophic state conditions. The remotely sensed data and the measured data were obtained on 20 June 1995. Regression models have been developed between the chlorophyll-a concentration and reflectance which was converted to Landsat TM digital data. The regression model was determined based on the correlation coefficient which was higher than 0.7 and was applied to the entire study area to generate a distribution map of chlorophyll-a and trophic state. The equation, providing estimates of chlorophyll-a concentration, represented the year-to-year spatial variation of trophic zones in the reservoir. Satellite remote sensing data derived from Landsat TM had been successfully used for trophic slate mapping in Daecheong reservoir.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.212-220
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• 2009

In many studies, the Numeric Integration (NI) method has been widely used to calculate pollutant loads from the watershed because it is easy to apply. However, there have been many needs for more accurate pollutant loads estimation method with the restricted number of water quality samples. However, the ESTIMATOR model does not allow the users to define the regression model to explain the measured flow and water quality relationship, indicating the ESTIMATOR model is not flexible. The LOADEST model allows the user to choose the model type from 11 predefined general forms of regression equations. Annual loads of T-N and T-P with the LOADEST model were 0.70 times and 0.84 times of those by NI method, respectively. The coefficient of determination ($R^2$) of the LOADEST regression for the T-N and T-P were 0.92 and 0.72, respectively. This indicates that the load estimation regression model with the LOADEST for the study watershed explains the relationship between the observed flow and water quality data well reasonably well. Based on these findings, we suggest that the LOADEST model estimated regression equation could be used to estimate pollutant loads using the measured flow data for the study watershed.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.648-655
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• 2013

Nonpoint source pollution characteristics of recreation park was investigated. Runoff ratio of recreation park ranged 23-57%, which was lower than other urban area since impervious area was less than 37%. The average BOD, COD, TOC, SS, T-N, T-P, were 14.09, 32.86, 12.19, 121.51, 7.78 and 0.72 mg/L, respectively. First flush of recreation park was analyzed by normalized cumulative load - volume curve and mass first flush ratio(MFFn), MFF10 for BOD, COD, SS, T-P, T-N, TOC were 2.90, 1.59, 2.15, 2.74, 2.60, and 1.59, respectively. Observed data showed that 62% of pollutant could be removed by storaging 5 mm rainfall-runoff and even 3 mm depth could store up to 50% of pollutant in runoff.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.761-770
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• 2013

This study was carried out to forecast the flow rate and water quality at the inlet of the Saemangeum bay in Korea using the SWMM(Storm Water Management Model) and the WASP(Water Analysis Simulation Program), and to analyze the impacts of pollutant loading from non-point source on the water quality of the bay. The calibration and validation of flow rate and water quality were performed using those from two monitoring points in the Mankyeong river administrated by Korean Ministry of Environment as part of the national water quality monitoring network. When the river flow rate was calibrated and validated using the rainfall intensities during 2011-2012, $R^2$ (i.e., coefficient of determination) was ranged from 0.91 to 0.96. For water qualities, it was shown that $R^2$ of BOD(Biochemical Oxygen Demand) was ranged from 0.56 to 0.86, and $R^2$ of T-N(Total Nitrogen) was from 0.64 to 0.75, and $R^2$ of T-P(Total Phosphorus) was from 0.67 to 0.89. The integrated modeling system showed significant advances in the accuracy to estimate the water quality. Finally, further simulations showed that annual average flow of the river running into the bay was estimated to be $1.439{\times}10^9m^3/year$. The discharged load of BOD, T-N, and T-P into the bay were anticipated to be 618.7 ton/year, 331.5 ton/year, and 40.4 ton/year, respectively.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 기저유출을 고려한 관측 자료 기반 오염부하량을 이용하여 비점오염 유출특성과 신규 원단위의 활용 가능성을 검토하였다. 이를 위해 금강 수계 주원천 유역의 9개 강우사상을 대상으로 디지털 필터 기법을 이용하여 유출성분을 분리하고 수치적분법을 적용하여 비점오염부하량을 산정하였다. 연구결과 비점오염 평균 기여율은 BOD 31.34%, T-N 58.94%, T-P 50.42%로 BOD의 경우 기저유출의 영향이 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 신 원단위를 적용한 오염부하량이 구 원단위를 적용한 경우에 비해 관측부하량에 근접하는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과는 효율적인 유역의 수질관리를 위해서는 직접유출에 따른 오염부하뿐만 아니라 기저유출에 따른 오염부하 관리도 필요함을 의미한다.