• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.29-60
• /
• 2014

As every commentators has noted, bureaucratic corruption, which has complicated causes, is prevalent phenomenon in Korean society. Especially, most people realize that systemic corruption has a strong negative effect on society; however, only few studies reflect on the nature of 'systemic corruption' and it seems that no established theory explains the phenomenon. Thus, this study suggest that we look more carefully into the nature and mechanisms of 'systemic corruption'. Interdisciplinary approach based on the integrated model of structure-behavior to analyse the nature of bureaucratic corruption. The system dynamics method can test the mechanisms of 'systemic corruption'. With this way, the factors generating systemic corruption represent the relationships reinforcing and balancing within system dynamics model. This paper also consider 'isomorphism' and 'dominance' as control mechanisms to systemic corruption. From the CLD(Causal Loop Diagram), three main areas(rent in organization, networking, control mechanisms) are overlapped and it indicates dynamic relationships of systemic corruption in organizations.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.279-287
• /
• 1999

Therapeutic use of anti-inflammatory steroids is limited due primarily to their systemic suppressive effects on pituitary function and the immune system.. To overcome the clinical limitation, a new approach toward the discovery of non-systemic anti-inflammatory steroids is based upon the antedrug concept introduced by this laboratory. The new concept describes locally active agents which are designed to undergo a predictable biotransformation to inactive metabolites upon entry into systemic circulation from the applied site. Thus, true antedrugs are devoid of systemic adverse effects. In a continuing effort, 16$\alpha$-carboxylate and isoxazoline derivatives of prednisolone have been synthesized and screened. In the croton oil-induced ear edema bioassay, the following relative potencies were obtained setting hydrocortisone=1.0; 3a, 1.5; 3b, 3.1; 4a, 4.0; 4b, 12.2; 5b, 8.2; 6b, 11.2; 7a, 1.9; 7b, 4.1; 8a, 3.3; 8b 6.8; 9a, 0.7; 9b 8.6; 10a 2.6; 10b, 7.4. Results of the five-day bioassay indicated that, in contrast to the parent compound, the novel steroidal antedrugs did not significantly alter body weight gain, thymus weights, adrenal weights or plasma corticosterone levels. Taken together, the antedrug concept appears to be a fundamentally sound strategy for the separation of local anti-inflammatory activity form systemic adverse effects.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.61-65
• /
• 2021

It is widely acknowledged that Achilles tendinopathy and resultant degeneration of the Achilles tendon could be either due to vigorous physical exertion or due to inflammation of the tendon associated with systemic disease. The overuse injuries are generally multifactorial in origin and are caused by repetitive strain of the affected tendon till the tendon can no longer endure the tensile stress. Various alignment and biomechanical faults are claimed to play a causative role. Only 2% of patients complaining of Achilles tendon pain are caused by systemic disease. However, to ensure the right approach to treatment, it is necessary to rule out inflammatory tendinitis caused by systemic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and seronegative spondyloarthrosis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제52권1호
• /
• pp.32-35
• /
• 2019

Surgical management of interrupted aortic arch (IAA) with systemic outflow tract obstruction is clearly a challenge. If both ventricles are adequate, the Yasui operation is a useful option. Otherwise, a staged approach through initial hybrid palliation and delayed biventricular repair, tailored to the degree of obstructed outflow, serves to avoid a high-risk neonatal procedure. Herein, we present a patient with IAA and severe systemic outflow tract obstruction whose treatment involved hybrid palliation, followed by a Yasui operation.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.32-45
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to develop two medical tourism system models which explain medical tourism phenomenon with a systemic approach. Methodology/Approach: This research was conducted using a qualitative data analysis which mainly refer previous references in relation to medical tourism in the areas of tourism and medicine. Leiper's tourism system model was utilized as a conceptual framework. In-depth interviews with experts in the area were attempted in order to pretest the models. Findings: This research suggests a medical tourism system framework and a medical service provision framework. The first model presents medical tourism components and their relationships within a framework presented in a diagram. The second model shows the relationships among medical services required by medical tourists, the service providers, and service human resources along with movements of medical tourists. Practical Implications: The first model presents a spatial composition of medical tourism components and their relationships, whereas the second model shows the linkage among medical services, the service providers, and relevant service human resources along with time sequential steps of medical tourists. These two models are complementary and may be used as useful tools to observe medical tourism phenomenon with a systemic and holistic approach. These two models may enable stake holders avoid unnecessary confusions and conflicts that result in duplication of government policies and a waste of budget and human resources.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2005

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.1-21
• /
• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this research is to develop two medical tourism system models which explain medical tourism phenomenon with a systemic approach. Design/methodology - This research was conducted by using a qualitative data analysis which mainly refers to previous references of medical tourism in the areas of tourism and medicine. Leiper's tourism system model was utilized as a conceptual framework. In-depth interviews with experts in the field were conducted in order to pretest the models. Findings - This research suggests a medical tourism system framework and a medical service provision framework. The first model presents medical tourism components and their relationships within a framework presented in a diagram. The second model shows the relationships among medical services required by medical tourists, the service providers, and service human resources along with movements of medical tourists. Originality/value - The first model presents a spatial composition of medical tourism components and their relationships, whereas the second model shows the linkage among medical services, the service providers, and relevant service human resources along with time sequential steps of medical tourists. These two models are complementary and may be used as useful tools to observe medical tourism phenomenon with a systemic and holistic approach. These two models may enable stake holders avoid unnecessary confusions and conflicts that result in duplication of government policies and a waste of budget and human resources.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제19권11호
• /
• pp.615-623
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 루푸스 환자의 극복력에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하기 위해 수행되었다. 연구대상자(N=118)는 D시 소재의 E병원을 내원한 루푸스 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 수집된 자료는 기술통계, t-tset, ANOVA, pearson correlation, multiple regression으로 분석하였다. 연구결과, 극복력에 영향을 미치는 요인은 불확실성의 질병의 영향 영역, 피로, 불확실성의 자기관리 영역과 의사에 대한 신뢰영역 이었다. 본 연구를 토대로 루푸스 환자의 극복력을 향상시키기 위해서는 환자가 인지하는 불확실성을 줄이고 피로 조절을 위한 다각적인 접근이 필요하다. 또한 영향요인을 반영한 루푸스 환자의 극복력 증진을 위한 효과적인 간호중재 프로그램의 개발이 요구된다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.605-610
• /
• 1994

Resricted opening of the mouth in children can be derived from a variety af extra and intra articular causes. A 5-year-old female patient with an elongated right coronoid process and with congenital missing teeth came to clinic for wearing of esthetic denture. A proper medical consultation and laboratory test had done for assessment a systemic syndrome related to her dental anomalies. The result was that her systemic findings dindn't accord specific signs and symptoms of Hallermann-Streiff syndrome. Unilateral coronoidectomy was fulfilled to improve mouth opening and subsequently endodontic and restorative procedure. Maxillary partial denture was delivered for esthetic problem. The periodic recall medical/dental check-up are recommended.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 2011

In the hazardous areas where explosive liquids, vapors and gases exist, electrical apparatus/equipment should have explosion-proof construction. The consuming of liquefied natural gas(LNG) has markedly increased in the industrial field, especially in aspect of some thermoprocessing equipment, boiler, dryer, furnace, annealer, kiln, regenerative thermal oxidizer(RTO) and so on. Because it has many merits, clean fuel, safety, no transportation/storage facility and so on. It is strongly recommend that the classification of hazards has to be decided to prevent and protect explosion which may occur in thermoprocessing equipment. In this paper, the operated thermoprocessing equipments in industrial area investigated and explosion risk assessment about LNG leakage from its facilities was performed through numerical calculation and computer simulation. Finally, we suggest the systemic/technical approach for safety assessments of thermoprocessing equipments consumed LNG fuel which are specially subjected to classification of hazardous area.