• 약학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.220-228
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• 1998

The effects of herbal medicine on travecular bone area were studied using ovariectomized rat as an animal model of Type I osteoporosis and SAM P6 as that of Type II. We counted red blood cells(RBC), hemoglobin(Hb), and hematocrit(Hct) using Couter`sR method. Each traditional boiling water extract of Achyrathis Radix, Psoraleae Fructus, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, and Cornii Fructus and a systemic water extract of Astragali Ractiex was given 5g/kg/day, p.o., for 30 days in a group of 4-5 ovariectormized rats. One ml of blood was taken by tail vein at day 0, 7, 14, 21, and 30 days after administration of the extract. The traditional hot water extract of Cervi parvumn Corni (Cervi) was given the same dose as described above for 14 days in a group of 10 SAM P6 mice and systemic water extract of Astragali Radix was administered as the same dose as above for 30 days in 10 SAM P6 mice. Travecular bone area was measured 5 mcm decalcified and stained thin bone slice by image analysis using a digitalizer. In Type I, ovariectomized rats, administration of Astragali Radix, Rhemanniae Radix Preparat, and Corni Fructus decreased in RBC, Hb and Hct. In Type II, administration of Cervi increased in RBC and Hct and that of Astragali Radix was also elevated RBC. In Type I, any administration of herbal medicine used in this study did not elevate travecular bone area significantly except Corni Fructus showed a trend of increase in travecular bone area. However, Type II, Cervi and Astragali Radix increased in both mean and total travecular bone area. Thus, there are significant difference in response of herbal medicine in different types of osteoporosis.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2009

An infectious full-length clone of Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) strain G5H was constructed under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. The cloned SMV G5H established infections upon simple rub-inoculation of soybean leaves with intact plasmid DNA. We demonstrated that this SMV G5H infectious DNA clone caused typical characteristic symptoms and virulence of SMV strain G5H in twelve tested soybean cultivars. Soybean cultivars Lee74, Somyungkong and Sowonkong developed systemic mosaic symptom while Kwanggyo, Taekwangkong, Hwangkeumkong and Geumjeongkong-l showed systemic necrosis. In contrast, Geumjeongkong-2, Jinpumkong-2, L29, V94-5152 and Ogden showed resistant response against SMV-G5H infection. We also determined full-length sequence of cloned SMV-G5H. The phyogenetic analyses reveal that SMV-G5H is most closely related to SMV-G5, and support that SMV-G5H might be derived from SMV-G5 by recombination rather than mutation.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1992

저자들은 전신성홍반성낭창에서 신장염에 이어 급성 폐렴이 발생하여 이의 악화로 사망한 환자를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.245-250
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• 2020

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is the most common ocular disease in cattle, manifesting as corneal opacity, corneal ulcerations and potentially vision loss. The present report describes a 10-month-old Holstein Friesian heifer with IBK treated by systemic tulathromycin, and subconjunctival injection of penicillin and dexamethasone. We investigated changes in the hematological indices and microorganisms related to IBK after treatment. Neutrophils and monocytes decreased during recovery, so it was assumed that these two types of white cells are associated with IBK. Moraxella bovoculi was cleared in the eye, nasal cavity, and oral cavity after treatment. The distribution of M. bovoculi before treatment indicated that a combined systemic and subconjunctival treatment was necessary. The lesioned eye was found to be overwhelmed by Mycoplasma bovoculi, while pathogen abundance was reduced in the nasal cavity and oral cavities. These results suggest that antibiotic treatment can alter the composition and relative abundance of microorganisms.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2023

Purpose - The pandemic has magnified and deepened existing socioeconomic disparities, including healthcare, education, income, gender, and housing. This study aims to examine the intersectionality of these disparities and their implications for promoting equity and justice. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is a comprehensive review of the literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on socioeconomic disparities. The review includes empirical studies, policy reports, and academic articles on healthcare, education, income, gender, and housing disparities. Result - The pandemic has exposed significant disparities in healthcare, education, income, gender, and housing. Healthcare disparities have been highlighted, and there is a need for more equitable access to care and addressing social determinants of health. Educational and income disparities are closely linked, perpetuating cycles of poverty and inequality. Gender disparities have been exacerbated, with women experiencing disproportionate impacts on their health, well-being, and economic security. The pandemic has highlighted the need for safe, stable, and affordable housing. Conclusion - The pandemic has brought to light numerous socioeconomic disparities that require systemic change to address. Promoting equity and justice requires a comprehensive, long-term approach that addresses systemic factors and promotes social and economic equity. By taking action to address these issues, we can create a more just and equitable society that promotes the health and well-being of all its members.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.326-334
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• 2020

Background: In this study, we sought to evaluate whether systemic propentofylline (PPF) has antiallodynic effects in a rat model of postoperative pain, and to assess the mechanism involved. Methods: After plantar incision, rats were intraperitoneally injected with various doses of PPF to evaluate its antiallodynic effect. To investigate the involved mechanism, rats were intraperitoneally injected with yohimbine, dexmedetomidine, prazosin, naloxone, atropine or mecamylamine, following the incision of the rat hind paws, and then PPF was administered intraperitoneally. The mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) was evaluated using von Frey filaments at various time points and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were measured to determine the inflammatory response level. Results: MWT was significantly increased after intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg/kg of PPF when compared with the control group. Injection of PPF and yohimbine, atropine or mecamylamine showed significant decreases in the MWT, while injection of PPF and dexmedetomidine showed a significant increase. Systemic administration of PPF inhibited the post-incisional increase in serum level of TNF-α and IL-1β. Conclusions: Systemic administration of PPF following surgery presented antiallodynic effects in a rat model of postoperative pain. The antiallodynic effects against mechanical allodynia could be mediated by α-adrenergic and cholinergic receptors.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.465-469
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• 2004

저자들은 패혈증이나 혈액응고장애가 이상이 없는 소방이 형성된 흉막삼출 환자에서 비교적 안전한 것으로 알려진 urokinase의 주입 후에 발생한 혈흉과 이로 인한 hypovolemic shock을 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.183-189
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• 2018

Currently, injuries to customers due to health functional foods are annually increasing. To evaluate the antigenicity of Korean red ginseng mixture (KRGM), we tested for systemic anaphylactic shock and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs. Based on a comparison of measured body weights, there were no changes in body weight for the KRGM treatment group compared with the control group. In the ovalbumin treated group, however, there was a statistically significant decrease in body weight. For the active systemic anaphylaxis test, after the induction, there were no symptoms that suggested anaphylactic shock in the control and KRGM treatment group. In the ovalbumin treated group, there were symptoms that suggested severe anaphylaxis, and those symptoms included restlessness, piloerection, tremor, rubbing or licking the nose, sneezing, coughing, hyperpnea, dyspnea, staggering gait, jumping, gasping and writhing, convulsion, side position and Cheyne-stokes respiration. All animals died within thirty minutes in the ovalbumin treated group. For the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test in guinea pigs sensitized to KRGM, each anti-serum was diluted in a stepwise manner. This was followed by an intravenous injection of a mixture of KRGM and Evans blue. The results of the test showed that all the responses were negative in the control and the low-dose and high-dose administration groups. However, in the ovalbumin treated group, all the responses were positive. Based on the above results, there were no anaphylactic responses for up to 12 times the amount of human intake of KRGM in Hartley Guinea-pigs. The results suggest that KRGM is safe as measured by the systemic and local antigenicity in guinea pigs.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.264-270
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• 2013

Imidacloprid는 곤충의 신경 독으로 작용하는 침투성 살충제이며, 과일과 채소에 진딧물 등의 해충 방제에 이용되고 있다. 침투성 농약은 작물체 내부로 흡수 이동되어 다양한 대사산물들이 생성되며 이중 일부 대사산물들은 농산물의 안전성에 문제가 되기도 한다. 따라서 농약과 대사산물의 동시분석법은 작물체 내에서 농약의 동태연구 및 농산물의 안전성을 확인하기 위해 필요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 고추 식물체 내에서 imidacloprid와 그 대사산물 4종, imidacloprid urea, imidacloprid olefin, idmidalcoprid guanidine, 그리고 6-chloronicotininic acid의 QuEChERS 법과 LC-MS/MS 시스템을 사용한 동시 분석법을 개발하고자 하였다. 실험방법은 고추 식물체 시료에 1% glacial acetic acid와 아세토니트릴 첨가한 후 추출하였고 그 추출물을 일정량 분취한 후 PSA와 $C_{18}$을 이용하여 정제하였다. 정제된 추출물은 LC-MS/MS로 분석하였으며, 표준정량곡선은 혼합표준용액(Matrix matched standard)를 제조하여 작성하였다. 표준정량곡선의 상관계수는 0.998 이상이었으며, LOQ도 0.05 mg/kg 이하였다. 0.01, 0.04, 0.1, 0.4 mg/kg 4개 수준으로 회수율시험을 수행하였으며, 그 결과 imidacloprid와 그 대사산물의 회수율은 70~120%이었고, RSD는 20%이하였다. 이러한 결과는 본 시험방법이 고추 식물체에서 imidacloprid 및 그 대사산물을 분석하는데 적합하다는 것을 보여준다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2014

Purpose: The study was aimed at investigating changes in periodontal parameters and superoxide dismutase activity triggered by root surface debridement with and without micronutrient supplementation in postmenopausal women. Methods: Forty-three postmenopausal chronic periodontitis patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=22) were provided periodontal treatment in the form of scaling and root planing (SRP) and group 2 (n=21) patients received SRP along with systemic administration of micronutrient antioxidants. Patients in both groups were subjected to root surface debridement. Group 2 patients also received adjunctive micronutrient antioxidant supplementation. Serum and salivary superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity along with periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline and 3 months after therapy. Results: Salivary and serum SOD values significantly (P<0.05) improved with periodontal treatment. Improvement in systemic enzymatic antioxidant status along with reduction in gingival inflammation and bleeding on probing (%) sites was significantly greater in group 2 as compared to group 1. Conclusions: Adjunctive micronutrient supplements reduce periodontal inflammation and improve the status of systemic enzymatic antioxidants in postmenopausal women.