• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.331-339
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• 2015

소아치과에서 협조가 되지 않는 어린이의 치과치료 시 사용하는 진정법은 환자안전을 최우선으로 고려하여야 하며, 의료사고예방을 위한 evidence-based 진료가 필요하다. 근거중심의학의 부상에 따라 치의학계에도 근거중심치의학(Evidence-Based Dentistry)에 대한 관심이 점차 증가하고 있으나 한국의 진정법에 대한 근거중심의 체계적인 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 체계적인 문헌고찰법을 이용하여 지금까지 국내에 보고된 소아치과진정(요)법을 검토하고, 향후 국내의 근거중심 소아치과 진정법의 발전 방향을 모색하는 것이다. 본 연구는 "한국보건의료연구원의 체계적인 문헌고찰 지침"을 참고하여 국내 5개 데이터베이스 1) Core 검색 데이터베이스- KM base, KISS 2) 학술정보 및 포털 -국회도서관, DBpia, RISS를 검색하였다. "치과진정법" 및 "치과진정요법"으로 검색어를 제안한 총 470편의 논문 중 문헌선택과정의 흐름도를 따라 중복제거 하고 남은 31개의 논문 중 원문이 제공되는 문헌을 모두 취합한 총 20개 문헌을 분석대상으로 삼았다. 이번 체계적 문헌고찰은 한국 소아치과 영역에서 지난 25년간 시행된 치과진정법에 관한 일관된 근거(evidence)를 확인하기 위하여 GRADE 과정에 정의된 객관적인 기준에 기초하여 진행된 결과, 전체적인 근거는 보통(moderate)의 질로 평가되었다. 그러나, 특히 약물의 추가 투여 부분에 대해서는 매우 낮은(very low)의 질로 평가되었다. 그러므로 향후 안전한 약물의 사용 부분에 대해 보다 체계적으로 잘 고안된 임상 실험이 필요하다.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2007

Objectives : Depression disturbs the individual life from the loss of productivity to suicide. Furthermore the whole society is also influenced by depression in social and economic areas. Many scientific treatment methods are known to be effective in depression. But in reality more than half of patients with depression prefer self help treatment rather than medically based treatment. For the patients with mild depression and primary physicians, it is reasonable to provide the evidence based self care including self help or alternative treatment. This study is supported by the Korean Health 21 R&D Project for the Depression Center to establish the Korean treatment guideline for depression. Methods : The members of Depression Center including the authors attended the workshops where the methods of evidence based medicine such as literature search, quality evaluation of the articles, making the level of evidence were educated. The professional librarians helped the authors for get the searched articles. Among the total of 354 abstracts of systemic review and 300 abstracts of random controlled trials, 3 systemic reviews and 2 random controlled trials were the main structure of evaluation. Result : Among the 37 self care methods known to be effective for depression, 11 kinds of methods were worth of evaluation. The first step for the self care of mild depression is to use St. John's wort, exercise, bibliotherapy, and light therapy in depression during winter season. Acupuncture, negative ion therapy, massage, relaxation technique are known to be efective with evidence. Music therapy, hypnotherapy, and aromatherapy are known to be effective but until now the evidences is insufficient and further evaluations are needed. Conclusion : Among 11 listed self-care methods, several methods need more evidence especially in Korean situation. Exercise is the most recommendable evidence based self care method in Korea nowadays. St. John's wort is effective with evidence, but it is not the OTC drug in Korea, so it is not recommendable now. For the bibliotherapy, there is no book such as "Feeling Good" in Korea. Only the introductory book about depression is available. Publishing the self help book based upon cognitive behavioral approach or psychodynamic approach is needed. Light therapy is practiced in a few clinics, but not self-help style. Exposure to the sunlight is recommended in the level of commen sense. These self care methods are for the mild patient. Moderate to severe patients with depression should seek the professional treatment.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the current status of evidence-based research, education, and practice, and to suggest a directions for the future development of evidence-based nursing. Methods: To examine the current status of evidence-based nursing research, experimental research among studies published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing from 2008 to 2010 were analyzed. We suggested a direction for the future development of evidence-based research based on the analysis and literature reviews. We also suggested a direction for the future development of evidence-based education and practice based on literature reviews. Results: The results showed that designs and methods of studies were insufficient to use evidences derived from the studies in terms of evidence-based research, and experimental studies consistent with themes were found to be deficient. In the future, the methods and rationale for the design of experimental studies need to be clearer In addition, a test for intervention effects through repetitive studies and a connection between the intervention effects and a protocol for clinical practice will be required. In terms of evidence-based education, curriculum revision and development of teaching methods including contents related to evidence-based practice and research methodology in undergraduate and graduate programs will be required. Evidence-based practice in Korea was less actively done than with that of foreign countries. Some large hospitals have recently attempted systemic activities to promote evidence-based nursing practice in clinical settings. To activate evidence-based practice, the perception of nurses for evidence-based practice needs to be changed and support for education and administration of the program is required. Also, evidence-based practice guidelines, protocols, and assessment tools need to be developed. Conclusion: Evidence-based nursing in Korea is in the process of evolving. To realize evidence-based nursing, we need to develop nursing science based on evidences of closer communication and cooperation in terms of nursing research, education, and practice.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.303-326
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• 2023

수학은 계통성이 강한 학문으로 이전 단계에서의 학습 결손이 다음 학습에 큰 영향을 주기 때문에 학생들의 학습이 잘 이루어졌는지 수시로 확인하고, 즉각적으로 피드백을 제공해 주는 것이 필요하며, 이를 위해 수학교육에서 인공지능 교육시스템(ITS)을 활용할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 개인 맞춤형 수학 학습을 실행하기 위해 적용될 수 있는 인공지능 교육시스템의 기능이 무엇인지 살펴보고, 이를 실제로 적용해 본 결과를 분석하여 인공지능 교육시스템을 활용한 개인 맞춤형 수학 학습의 효과성을 구체적으로 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 개인 맞춤형 학습과 수학교육에서 인공지능이 활용된 선행연구 내용을 분석하여 개인 맞춤형 수학 학습을 위한 인공지능 교육시스템의 기능을 추출하고, 이것을 반영한 학습 및 수업을 설계하여 초등학교 5학년 학생들에게 약 3개월 간 적용해 본 결과를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 개인 맞춤형 수학 학습을 위해 활용될 수 있는 인공지능 교육시스템의 기능은 크게 진단 및 평가, 분석 및 예측, 피드백 및 콘텐츠 제공으로 나눌 수 있었다. 또한 이러한 기능을 반영한 학습 설계를 초등학생들에게 적용한 결과, 개인 맞춤형 수학 학습에 인공지능 교육시스템이 어떻게 효과적으로 활용될 수 있는지에 대한 시사점을 얻었다. 그리고 앞으로 인공지능 교육시스템을 활용한 개인 맞춤형 수학 학습이 더욱 효과적으로 이루어질 수 있기 위해 더 정교한 기술과 자료 개발이 필요하다는 점을 제언하였다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.45-63
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study is to review papers on adverse events in the course of Oriental Medical treatments in the JKAMS and the JCTKAM. Methods : We searched papers up to December 2010 in the JKAMS and The JCTKAM. Electronic and manual literature searches were performed. Results : 92 papers were retrived in total. Out of these, 62 reported the occurrence of adverse events whereas 30 reported none. Adverse events in treatments were generally transient and mild. However, this result had limitations due to the insufficient number of papers reporting adverse events and the inconsistency in the methodology according to each paper. Conclusions : Reports on adverse events are necessary in clinical research. In future research, organized case reports and systemic reviews should be carried out. Furthermore, prospective studies should be done as well.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.34-56
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• 2014

This paper reviews the most central analytical and methodological issues that arise in developing national STI strategies. First, an outline of the relationship between national innovation systems and the strategic dimension is presented. The paper shows that science, technology and innovation strategy are often used in different forms and that there is no common understanding yet of the actual meaning and coverage of these strategies. The paper develops the terminology from a discussion of different approaches towards company innovation processes analyzing their evolution in different socioeconomic environments and the role and impact of science, technology and innovation policy on company innovation processes. Based on this conceptual understanding the paper defines national science, technology, innovation, and STI strategy and explains the basic terminology. From these definitions, the strategic dimension including the impact on the stakeholders is discussed. It is shown that a major success factor for STI strategy development is the involvement of stakeholders to vary and extend their use of their portfolio of instruments. Moreover it becomes evident that stakeholders follow their own interests which aren't necessarily in the interest of the national STI strategies. The analysis shows advantages and disadvantages as well as potentials and limitations of different approaches to develop STI strategies in their ability to describe the reality of innovation processes and to allow conclusions about the relationship between innovation policy and the innovation processes implemented by companies. It is shown that knowledge of these limitations is an important factor to consider in designing consistent and coherent national STI policy which aims at supporting innovation eventually. Finally the paper concludes that the STI policy mix concept needs a more systemic development approach which is integrated in the national STI strategy development and implementation.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2007

Objective : To investigate documented surveys about adverse events of acupuncture therapy. Methods: We searched Medline with the terms of 'acupuncture/adverse event(s)', 'acupuncture/side effect(s)' and 'CAM/adverse event(s)' using Pubmed and set the limits to human study. Results: There were 5 prospective studies, 3 reviews and 3 surveys in our searching. There were 3 reports about acupuncture related adverse events in UK ranging from 10.7% to 15% of which the rate of significant events were from 0.13% to 0.14%. In Germany, there were 11% of acupuncture related adverse events in one report and 7.5%(significant events were 45 in 190,924 patients) in another report. In Australia, one study reported that every adverse event associated with acupuncture occurred in 8-9 month per one practitioner. In Japan, 0.14% of acupuncture related adverse events in 48 practitioners were reported in one systemic review. A cumulative review about significant adverse events associated with acupuncture reported 715 adverse events of which most frequent accidents were pneumothorax and central nervous system injury. Conclusion : The risk of adverse event associated with acupuncture is far lower than that associated with other general medical interventions. However, some safety guidelines about the acupuncture performance are needed.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.233-242
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• 2009

Bioequivalence (BE) studies provide important information in the overall set of data that ensure the availability of safe and effective medicines to patients and practitioners. Thus its determination of proper criterion for assessing BE is very important. BE is frequently expressed or measured by estimating area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and maximum concentration ($C_{max}$) that are reflective of systemic exposure. In all countries except Canada, the acceptance criteria of BE is that the 90% confidence interval of difference in the average values of logarithmic AUC and $C_{max}$ between test and reference products is within the acceptable range of log(0.8) ${\sim}$ log(1.25). In Canada, unlike other countries, point estimation instead of applying 90% confidence interval is applied to assess $C_{max}$ which is, in essence, more variable than AUC. We also compared other parts of BE guidelines which include a fed study, average BE (ABE), scaled-ABE, population BE (PBE), individual BE (IBE), dropout & withdrawal, sampling frequency & time and number of subjects. This article reviews the most recent BE guidelines of Korea, USA, Europe, Canada and Japan, highlighting the differences focused on Korean BE guidelines compared to other countries. It will help us to revise BE guideline of Korea reflecting international trends. Finally, it is strongly recommended that the extended acceptance criterion for the highly variable drug among all the considering aspects for the revision of current BE guideline has to be adopted into Korea BE guideline in the nearest future.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.174-181
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• 2018

Objectives: The number of patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is increasing, but treatment remains controversial. Published papers and systematic reviews have suggested that surgical treatment is effective in patients with MRONJ. The purpose of this study was to determine whether preoperative University of Connecticut Osteonecrosis Numerical Scale (UCONNS), other serologic biomarkers, and size of necrosis are prognostic factors for outcome of surgical treatment in MRONJ. Materials and Methods: From January 2008 to December 2016, 65 patients diagnosed with MRONJ at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in College of Dentistry, Dankook University who required hospitalization and surgical treatment were investigated. Patient information, systemic factors, and UCONNS were investigated. In addition, several serologic values were examined through blood tests one week before surgery. The size of osteolysis was measured by panoramic view and cone-beam computed tomography in all patients. With this information, multivariate logistic regression analysis with backward elimination was used to examine factors affecting postoperative outcome. Results: In multivariate logistic analysis, higher UCONNS, higher C-reactive protein (CRP), larger size of osteolysis, and lower serum alkaline phosphate were associated with higher incidence of incomplete recovery after operation. This shows that UCONNS, CRP, serum alkaline phosphate, and size of osteolysis were statistically significant as factors for predicting postoperative prognosis. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that CRP, UCONNS, serum alkaline phosphate, and size of osteolysis were statistically significant factors in predicting the prognosis of surgical outcome of MRONJ. Among these factors, UCONNS can predict the prognosis of MRONJ surgery as a scale that includes various influencing factors, and UCONNS should be used first as a predictor. More aggressive surgical treatment and more definite surgical margins are needed when the prognosis is poor.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.2155-2163
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• 2020

Background: Various treatments have been proposed for chronic low back pain (CLBP), but recent guidelines and reviews recommend regular physical exercise. However, some other studies have reported opposite results that sling exercise (SE) and other exercises (OE) did not differ in improving CLBP. Objectives: To systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of SE on CLBP in studies published in Korea. Design: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis. Methods: Randomized controlled trials comparing SE with OE and modality therapy (MT), published up to June 2020, were identified by electronic searches. Primary outcomes were pain and disability. The weighted mean difference (WMD), stand mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. Results: Based on the results of the meta-analysis, SE was effective for pain in the comparison of SE and MT [short-term: WMD=-1.64, 95% CI (-3.06, -0.22); long-term: WMD=-0.34, 95% CI (-0.42, -0.26)]. It was effective for pain in the comparison of SE and OE [short-term: WMD=-1.18, 95% CI (-2.15, -0.20); long-term: WMD=-0.66, 95% CI (-0.89, -0.43)]. It was also effective for disability in the comparison of SE and MT [short-term: SMD=-15.82, 95% CI (-23.10, -8.54)]. We found no clinically relevant differences in disability between SE and OE. Heterogeneity was high in the comparison of SE and overall variables. Conclusion: If SE is applied to physical therapy to improve the main symptoms of CLBP patients, it may contribute to their recovery. More high-quality randomized studies on the topic are warranted.