• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1347-1353
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• 2008

Pulse condition is the essential division for conducting pulse diagnosis which is one of the most fundamental and important diagnostics in traditional Korean/Chinese medicine. We studied the pulse condition referred to classics of traditional medicine for a full understanding in present time and come to a conclusion like below. The reference to pulse condition was concluded to 'twenty four pulse conditions' which is the fundamental conception generally accepted in present age since it had first mentioned in "Huangdi Neijing" and after it had passed through "Nanjing", "pulse pattern identification-chapter of normal pulse"of Zhang Zhongjing and reached "Maijing"of Wang Shuhe. Although medical partitioners had different views to some extent about pulse condition, there were no significant differences in the main theoretical frame. Even though there had been a diversity of opinions on the classification of pulse-condition between various medical practitioners, the method of Dae-dae and the method of systematic endeavored by Zhou Xueting and Zhou Xuehai who were medical scholars in the Ch'ing dynasty have been a criterion for the classification of pulse-condition up to date. We were able to recognize that the change of pulse condition caused by pathological situation should be compared to physiological pulse condition for detecting the deficiency and excess by researching the analyzing methods of pulse condition mentioned in the "Lingshu", and the book of Hua Shou and Zhou Xuehai). To sum up, first normal pulse which is the physiological pulse condition should be a standard for detecting physiological pulse condition. Secondly, Zhou Xueting insisted that relaxed pulse should be a standard pulse condition for detecting normal pulse.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.83 no.1
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• pp.20-30
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• 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a threat to public health and is the leading cause of death globally. Isoniazid (INH) is an important first-line agent for the treatment of TB considering its early bactericidal activity. Resistance to INH is now the most common type of resistance. Resistance to INH reduces the probability of treatment success and increases the risk of acquiring resistance to other first-line drugs such as rifampicin (RIF), thereby increasing the risk of multidrug-resistant-TB. Studies in the 1970s and 1980s showed high success rates for INH-resistant TB cases receiving regimens comprised of first-line drugs. However, recent data have indicated that INH-resistant TB patients treated with only firs-tline drugs have poor outcomes. Fortunately, based on recent systematic meta-analyses, the World Health Organization published consolidated guidelines on drug-resistant TB in 2019. Their key recommendations are treatment with RIF-ethambutol (EMB)-pyrazinamide (PZA)-levofloxacin (LFX) for 6 months and no addition of injectable agents to the treatment regimen. The guidelines also emphasize the importance of excluding resistance to RIF before starting RIF-EMB-PZA-LFX regimen. Additionally, when the diagnosis of INH-resistant TB is confirmed long after starting the first-line TB treatment, the clinician must decide whether to start a 6-month course of RIF-EMB-PZA-LFX based on the patient's condition. However, these recommendations are based on observational studies, not randomized controlled trials, and are thus conditional and based on low certainty of the effect estimates. Therefore, further work is needed to optimize the treatment of INH-resistant TB.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.227-235
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• 2003

The euplotid hypotrich collected from a puddle, Jeju-do in 2002 and cultured in the laboratory was identified as Euplotes muscorum Dragesco, 1970. The species is reported for the first time from Korea. The description was based on the observation of living specimens, protargol impregnation and biometrical analysis. This species is characterized by following diagnosis: 63-78 ${\mu}m$ in length, 40-52 ${\mu}m$ in width in vivo, 9 frontoventral cirri, 5 transverse cirri,4 caudal cirri, 1 micro- and macronucleus, adoral zone of membranelles with 32-36 adoral membranelles covering approximately 2/3 of body length, 8 dorsal kineties, mid-dorsal kinety with 20-24 cilia 3nd dargyrome complex type. This species with 9 frontoventral cirrotype is very similar to E. muscicola Kahl, 1932. The differences between these two species are: E. muscorum has 8 dorsal kineties and complex dargyrome type, while E. muscicola 9 dorsal kineties and multiple dargyrome type.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.332-340
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• 2015

Ground subsidence occurring in mine area can cause an enormous damage of loss of lives and properties, and a systematic survey should be conducted a series of field investigation and ground stability analysis in subsidence area. This study describes the results from field investigation and ground stability analysis in a limestone mine located in Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea. Rock mechanical measurements and electrical resistivity surveys are applied to obtain the characteristics of in-situ rock masses and the distribution patterns of subsurface weak zone, and their results are extrapolated in numerical analysis. From the field investigation and stability analysis, it is concluded that the subsidence occurrence in this limestone mine is caused mainly by subsurface limestone cavities.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.717-729
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• 2013

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive and low-cost technique that estimates body composition based on the distribution of water and electrolytes in the body by analyzing body's electrical responses to source voltages. In this work, we carried out a systematic literature review on BIA researches in traditional East Asian medicine (TEAM). For comparison, firstly we introduced the concept and principle of BIA, and offered a general overview of research trends in western medical perspectives. We searched through the databases of Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System and DataBase Periodical Information Academic for the articles published between 1994 and 2013, with keywords such as 'BIA', 'bioelectrical impedance' and 'impedance'. Among the rough-searched 274 articles, we finally selected 21 articles appropriate to the intended research field. The selected articles were categorized into diagnosis in Sasang medicine, impedance analysis in meridian system, and change of body composition after taking herbal medicine. We found that most of BIA researches in TEAM were preliminary and remained in the peripheral levels which is far behind the western medical research activities. Therefore, more efforts are needed to study BIA in association with major subjects such as pattern identification or physiological/pathological phenomena. In addition, methodological breakthrough of BIA is possible by applying the diagnostic concepts of the TEAM in relation to the balance of Qi and Blood.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.4339-4347
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed at exploring treatment delay (TD) among cancer patients in China with an attempt to develop a practical methodology facilitating frontline Chinese clinicians in promoting earlier cancer diagnosis and treatment. Materials and Methods: The study comprised framework development, qualitative interviews and paired factor rating. Framework development utilized systematic literature review, soft systems thinking and consensus groups. Qualitative interviews employed a checklist of open questions soliciting information about all the domains included the framework from cancer patients drawn via stratified randomized sampling of inpatients at 10 hospitals in Hefei, China. Paired factor rating used a self-developed computer aid and the interviewed patients as referring cases to weigh the relative importance of the factors listed in the framework in terms of their contributions to specific components of total delay (TD). Results: a) A conceptual framework was proposed consisting of a 6-step path to TD and 36 category determinants. b) A total of 227 patients were interviewed; their TD was 267.3 mean or 108 median days ranging from 0 to 2475 days; average appraisal, illness, behavioral, preparation and treatment delay accounted for 52.1%, 9.4%, 0.30%, 8.8% and 29.4% of the TD respectively. Individual side factors were rated substantially more important than environmental side factors (60% vs. 40%); most influential TD factors included cancer symptoms, overall health, family relations and knowledge about cancer and health. Conclusions: The framework proposed together with the interviewing and rating approaches used provide a potential new methodology for understanding cancer patients' TD and promoting earlier cancer treatment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.3687-3696
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• 2016

Cancer registration, an important component of cancer surveillance, is essential to a unified, scientific and public health approach to cancer prevention and control. India has one of the highest cancer incidence and mortality rates in the world. A good surveillance system in the form of cancer registries is important for planning and evaluating cancer-control activities. Cancer registration in India was initiated in 1964 and expanded since 1982, through initiation of the National Cancer Registry Program (NCRP) by the Indian Council of Medical Research. NCRP currently has twenty-six population based registries and seven hospital based registries. Yet, Indian cancer registries, mostly in urban areas, cover less than 15% of the population. Other potential concerns about some Indian registries include accuracy and detail of information on cancer diagnosis, and timeliness in updating the registry databases. It is also important that necessary data collection related quality assurance measures be undertaken rigorously by the registries to ensure reliable and valid information availability. This paper reviews the current status of cancer registration in India and discusses some of the important pitfalls and issues related to cancer registration. Cancer registration in India should be complemented with a nationwide effort to foster systematic investigations of cancer patterns and trends by states, regions and sub populations and allow a continuous cycle of measurement, communication and action.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.69
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• pp.170-194
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• 2015

New institutionalism is one of the research perspective, explaining political, economic, social phenomena through institutions. It is seeking more accurate diagnosis and solution of societal problem. What is good media for community? And how it should be operate? These questions are related to design and improvement of media system. Now we need to better approaching method for higher explanatory power about media institutions. From this context, the purpose of this study is exploring application of new institutionalism to media system. The major findings are as follow: At first, the new institutionalistl approaches can be apply the research fields of media policy/law and media organizations. Two, we suggest main research questions and research methods to each of that. This study has implication as more systematic and integrated approach to the research fields of media institution.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.131-137
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• 2015

To study the effects of oral health education on children, weekly education sessions and surveys were held for 214 preschoolers, 6-7 years of age, in 2 K-area kindergartens for 4 weeks in July 2015. Statistics on oral health behaviors such as children with regular dental checkups(p<0.05), children who underwent fluoride application(p<0.05), children without dental caries diagnosis(p<0.001), children with mothers who underwent oral health education(p<0.05) showed significant difference. Oral health knowledge scores(6 being perfect) increased from pre-education scores of 4.96 to post-education score of 5.54. oral health behavior scores(11 being perfect) also increased from pre-education scores of 7.18 to post-education score of 7.75(p<0.001). Therefore, it is the author's opinion that the development of oral health education programs with relatively short cycles, alongside systematic, practical, and repeated education would be beneficial.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.41-46
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• 2020

The start of the Fourth Industrial Revolution has brought about various changes in the domestic industry in general, and smart factories have spread to companies in the fields of production, manufacturing and logistics, and they are using automation equipment. Especially in the field of logistics automation, AGVs are widely used, and most of them use the line guidance system, which is the traditional AGV drive system. In addition, the demand for AGV system developers, system operators and managers, and maintenance personnel is increasing, and the installation of systems for education is expensive and requires a large space to utilize. It is a situation where systematic education is difficult. In this paper, we propose a virtual simulation-based AGV distance education model for smooth practice of trainees. The proposed model consisted of a model that can drive the AGV by analyzing video information, instead of the line guidance method that is the conventional technology. As a result of self-diagnosis evaluation, it was confirmed that the experimental group through online education had an average satisfaction level of 0.65 higher than the control group using existing equipment, and that it could be used in an online education environment.