• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.172-180
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• 2022

Objectives : This study reports a 61-year-old man with sudden hearing loss and tinnitus whose symptoms improved remarkably after treatment with Korean medicine. Methods : The patient was treated with herbal medicine(gamisoyo-san, samul-tang gagambang, gongjindan, and yukmijihwang-hwan), acupuncture and moxibustion. Puretone audiometry(PTA), speech audiometry(SA), Korean tinnitus handicap inventory(K-THI), patient self-report, numeric rating scale(NRS) 11, and review of system(ROS) were performed. Results : After a month of treatment, PTA was improved from profound to mild and audiometric findings were improved in speech reception threshold and word recognition score. After 2 months of treatment, K-THI decreased from 92 to 28 and NRS 11 score decreased more than 6 in every item. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that Korean medicine could be effective sudden hearing loss and tinnitus.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.25-38
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• 2023

Due to the complexity and difficulty in meeting the multiphase flow complexity, similarity, and multiscale characteristics, the mechanism of snow drift is so complicated that the snow deposition prediction is still inaccurate and needs to be far improved. Meanwhile, the validation of prediction methods is also limited due to a lack of field-measured data about snow deposition. To this end, a field measurement activity about snow deposition around a cube with time was carried out, and the snow accumulation process was measured under blowing snow conditions in northwest China. The maximum snow depth, snow profile, and variation in snow depth around the cube were discussed and analyzed. The measured results indicated three stages of snow accumulation around the cube. First, snow is deposited in windward, lateral and leeward regions, and then the snow depth in windward and lateral regions increases. Secondly, when the snow in the windward region reaches its maximum, the downwash flow erodes the snow against the front wall. Meanwhile, snow range and depth in lateral regions have a significant increase. Thirdly, a narrow road in the leeward region is formed with the increase in snow range and depth, which results in higher wind speed and reforming snow deposition there. The field measurement study in this paper not only furthers understanding of the snow accumulation process instead of final deposition under complex conditions but also provides an important benchmark for validating prediction methods.

• 셀메드
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.11.1-11.6
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• 2018

In vitro anti-obesity effects of anti-cancer (AC) functional kimchi in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were studied. We constructed three experimental groups: Control, standardized kimchi (SK), and AC functional kimchi (A-FK) that included active ingredients and Lactobacillus plantarum. Kimchi extracts did not show any cytotoxicity in pre-adipocytes in the concentration range of 1 - 5 mg/mL. A-FK significantly reduced fat droplet formation and absorbance in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, as shown by Oil red O staining, compared to Control and SK (P < 0.05). SK and A-FK reduced adipo-/lipogenesis related genes such as $C/EBP{\alpha}$, SREBP-1, LPL, and $LXR{\alpha}$ compared to Control (P < 0.05). Especially, A-FK more greatly reduced SREBP-1 and LPL compared to SK (P < 0.05). A-FK up-regulated the ${\beta}$-oxidation related gene CPT-1c and down-regulated the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 compared to Control (P < 0.05). Based on the results, A-FK exhibited anti-obesity effects by inhibiting fat droplet formation and adipo-/lipogenesis related genes by regulating the ${\beta}$-oxidation related gene CPT-1c and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. In previous studies, A-FK kimchi already exhibited a strong anti-cancer effect. These results indicate that A-FK increased anti-obesity activity in this model system due to its functional ingredients and anti-cancer functionality.

• 셀메드
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.5.1-5.5
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• 2015

In this first double-blind-placebo-controlled investigation of the Aeon Patch, electrocardiographic data were acquired from 50 well-hydrated volunteers [21 females and 29 males, age: 19-79, weight: 117-334 lbs, height: 5'-6',3"], under 3 different conditions for a total duration of 15 min (5 min/condition). Condition1: Control (C) - while wearing no Patch, Condition 2: Placebo (P) or Active (A) - after wearing either the Placebo or the Aeon Patch for 20 min, and Condition 3: Active (A) or Placebo (P) - after wearing either the Aeon or the Placebo Patch for 20 min. There was a washout period of 15 min between Conditions 2 and 3. All involved in the investigation were blind to the (A) and (P) Patches as they looked exactly the same and were assigned in a random fashion. The hypothesis to be tested was: Wearing the Aeon Patch for 20 min reduces stress. Data were first quality assured and those subjects who showed a parasympathetic response after wearing the Patch within 20 min were identified as early responders. Thirty subjects (60%) achieved a relaxed state after wearing the Aeon Patch as early as 20 min. Statistical analysis (one-sample inference) was used to compare the spectral features of the responders. The normalized LF/HF decreased significantly ($24%{\pm}9%$ after 20 min) in condition (A) compared to condition (P) with a p-value < 0.047 (n = 30) in responders. Therefore, the hypothesis that wearing the Aeon Patch for 20 min reduces stress was accepted as true.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.65-78
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the weight loss and the adverse events of overweight and obese adults on weight loss program with face-to-face treatment (FTF) and non-face-to-face treatment (NFTF) in 6 Korean Medicine obesity clinics. Methods: From March 2nd to March 10th, 2021, we collected data with a retrospective way from overweight and obese adults (body mass index, BMI≥23 kg/m²) who registered for a 12-week Gamitaeeumjowi-tang prescription program. After matching initial information of the FTF group and the NFTF group using propensity matching score, weight loss and BMI change were analyzed, and adverse events were evaluated in terms of causality, severity and system-organ classes. Results: Weight and BMI change from baseline to 12 weeks was -7.98±3.09kg (10.41±3.57%), -3.03±1.14kg/m² and -7.30±3.11kg (9.59±3.45%), -2.76±1.15kg/m² for FTF group and NFTF group, respectively. Body weight and BMI significantly decreased before and after treatment in both groups, and there was no significant difference in weight loss and BMI change between the two groups. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: This study showed the potential that NFTF weight management treatment could be a good alternative way to FTF weight management treatment without serious adverse events.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.191-195
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• 2004

복합스트레스 내성 유전자 NDP kinase 2 유전자를 도입시킨 형질전환 감자를 개발하기 위하여 이 유전자를 산화스트레스에 의해 발현이 강하게 유도되는 SWPA2 프로모터 또는 enhanced CaMV 35S 프로모터에 연결한 벡터를 제작한 후 각각 Agrobacterium 매개로 형질전환 하였다. 기관발생 경로에 의해 kanamycin 저항성 식물체를 재분화 시킨 후 Southern 분석으로 외래 유전자가 안정적으로 감자 게놈내로 삽입되었음을 확인하였다. 형질전환 감자 식물체의 잎 조직을 대상으로 10 $\mu$M methyl viologen에 대한 내성 검정을 조사하여 산화스트레스 내성 형질전환 감자 식물체를 2 개체씩 선발하였다. 선발된 식물체는 건조, 고온 등의 여러 가지 환경스트레스 내성 분석을 실시할 예정이며 이로부터 복합재해에 내성을 지닌 감자 품종을 개발할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2004

산화스트레스에 내성을 지닌 형질전환 감자 식물체를 개발하기 위하여 산화스트레스에 의해 발현이 강하게 유도되는 SWPA2 프로모터에 CuZnSOD와 APX 유전자가 엽록체에서 동시에 발현되도록 연결한 형질전환 벡터 (pSSA-K)를 제작한 후 Agrobacterium 매개로 형질전환 하였다. 기관 발생 경로에 의해 kanamycin 저항성 식물체를 재분화 시킨후 Southern 분석으로 외래 유전자가 안정적으로 감자 게놈내로 삽입되었음을 확인하였다. 형질전환 감자 식물체의 잎 조직에 10$\mu$M methyl viologen을 처리하여 산화스트레스 내성 검정을 조사한 결과 형질전환체는 MV에 대해 강한 내성을 지님을 확인하였다. 내성을 보인 개체 중에서 환경스트레스에 대한 내성 조사를 위하여 품종별로 2 개체씩 선발하였다. 선발된 식물체는 건조, 고온 등의 여러 가지 환경스트레스 내성검정에 이용될 것이며 향후 복합재해 내성 감자 품종이 개발될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권15호
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• pp.139-150
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• 2009

현재 중국은 융성했던 애니메이션의 전통을 부활할 수 있으며, 중국 고유의 특색을 살리는 애니메이션을 제작하는 원대한 계획을 앞당겨 실현할 수 있다. 중국은 이미 텔레비전 문화가 널리 보급되고 있는 상황이며 대량의 외국 애니메이션이 중국시장에 진입하고 있다. 이러한 현대 중국의 애니메이션 상황 속에서 중국 애니메이션 산업이 선진국의 대열로 들어서는데 문제점이 되는 여러 사항들에 대해 애니메이션과 관련한 정책, 문화, 시장, 신업 등의 네 가지 측면을 중국 근현대의 시대 순으로 나누어 분석하였고 특히 중국 애니메이션 산업을 발전시키기 위하여 한국의 우수한 사례를 함께 제고하고 그 해결 방안을 찾고자 하였다. 연구 결과 중국 애니메이션 발전을 위해 국외와의 합작을 강화하면서 국제시장과 연결하고 적용하여 중국의 제작 실력과 수준을 향상시킴과 동시에 중국 정부의 문화산업 및 애니메이션 산업, 교육 전반에 대한 실질적인 지원 정책이 실시되어야 한다는 결론을 내리게 되었다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.67-92
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• 2023

국제상사중재에서 중재판정을 효율적으로 집행하기 위해 중재판정부가 중재판정을 내리기 전에 분쟁 당사자의 권리 혹은 재산을 즉각적으로 보호해주는 임시적 처분조치는 반드시 필요한 제도이고 많은 국가에서 중재판정부가 임시적 처분조치를 내릴 수 있도록 하고 있다. 중국상사중재에서도 임시적 처분조치를 인정하고는 있으나 중국의 경우에는 그 절차상 법원의 개입이 반드시 필요한데 이는 국제중재의 발전 방향과 맞지 않는다는 비판이 있다. 하지만 최근 중국도 중재활성화 측면에서 주요 중재기관들의 규칙을 개정함으로써 임시적 처분조치 부분에서 법원의 간섭을 최소화하는 방향으로 변화를 추구하고 있다. 이에 본 논문은 상사중재에서 임시적 처분의 국제적 추세를 먼저 살펴보고 중국 상사중재에서 임시적 처분조치가 어떤 방향으로 발전해 나가는지를 관련 사례와 법규를 분석하여 살펴보고자 한다. 이러한 연구를 통하여 한국 기업이 중국기업과 상사중재로 분쟁을 해결하고자 할 때 어떤 방식으로 임시적 처분 제도를 활용해야 하는지에 대한 실무적인 시사점을 제시하고자 한다.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.146-151
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• 2011

1-Nitropyrene (1-NP), 2-NP and 2-nitrofluoranthene (2-NFR) are useful markers for studying the atmospheric behaviors of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs). However, present methods for measuring trace levels of these compounds are lesssensitive and laborious. Here we describe several improvements to a previously reported high-performance liquid chromatography-chemiluminescence detection system that allows it to determine trace levels of 1-, 2-NPs and 2-NFR. The proposed system was equipped with a reducer column packed with Pt/Rh instead of zinc whose life-time was limited. The combination of Cosmosil MS-II (monomeric ODS) and AR-II (polymeric ODS) columns was used instead of polymeric ODS columns as the separator column to improve the separation. An ethanol mixture with acetate buffer (pH 5.5) was used in place of an acetonitrile mixture with the same buffer to activate the reducer column. The same ethanol mixture was used as the mobile phase for the clean-up column. The switching time of the column switching valve was optimized to concentrate the amino-derivatives of above NPAHs quantitatively on the concentrator column. The concentrations of bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenly) oxalate and hydrogen peroxide in the chemiluminescence reagent solution were optimized to 0.4 mM and 30 mM, respectively, to increase the sensitivity. Under the above conditions, the detection limits (S/N=3) of 1-, 2-NPs and 2-NFR were 1 fmol (0.25 pg), 10 fmol (2.5 pg) and 4 fmol (1 pg), respectively. The proposed system was effectively used to determine trace levels of 1-, 2-NPs and 2-NFR in airborne particulates collected at Noto Peninsula. The atmospheric concentrations of 1-, 2-NPs and 2-NFR were not more than sub pg $m^{-3}$ levels. They were higher in winter (January) than in summer (July). In both seasons, the concentrations were in decreasing order, [2-NFR]>[1-NP]>[2-NP].