• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.22-33
• /
• 2018

Recently domestic manufacturing companies have been experiencing worsening profitability and stunted growth due to the long-term economic recession and the rapid rise of developing countries such as China and Southeast Asia. These difficulties force many companies to concentrate their core competencies on new value creation and innovation in order to gain momentum for new growth. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) has been considered as one of viable solutions. Among the various modules in ERP, shop floor control function in the production management module is rather limited. In order to overcome this problem, Manufacturing Execution System (MES) has been used as a subsystem which has a strong information gathering power and flexibility. Both systems interact closely with each other. In particular, ERP requires fast, accurate shop floor information at MES. This paper describes how to synchronize relevant information between ERP and MES with theory of constraints (TOC). The processing time information transmitted from the MES workplace is received at the ERP workplace. In the process, the received processing time is causing information distortion in ERP, when the information gathering standard of MES is different from the ERP information interpretation standard. The Drum-Buffer-Rope theory of TOC was applied to resolve this problem, therefore, information synchronization between both systems was made. As a precondition, the standard time of the upper ERP system was rearranged according to the capacity constraints resource. As a result, standard time restructuring has affected changes in labor costs. Standard labor costs have come close to actual ones, and information synchronization of MES transmission data has improved the reliability of standard product costs, such that it enabled various company-wide restructuring actions to be much more effective.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.25-38
• /
• 2019

This study is to develop a diagnostic model for the effective introduction of smart factories in the manufacturing industry, to diagnose SMEs that have difficulties in building their own smart factory compared to large enterprise, to identify the current level and to present directions for implementation. IT, AT, and OT experts diagnosed 18 SMEs using the "Smart Factory Capacity Diagnosis Tool" developed for smart factory level assessment of companies. They analyzed the results and assessed the level by smart factory diagnosis categories. Companies' smart factory diagnostic mean score is 322 out of 1000 points, between 1 level (check) and 2 level (monitoring). According to diagnosis category, Factory Field Basic, R&D, Production/Logistics/Quality Control, Supply Chain Management and Reference Information Standardization are high but Strategy, Facility Automation, Equipment Control, Data/Information System and Effect Analysis are low. There was little difference in smart factory level depending on whether IT system was built or not. Also, Companies with large sales amount were not necessarily advantageous to smart factories. This study will help SMEs who are interested in smart factory. In order to build smart factory, it is necessary to analyze the market trends, SW/ICT and establish a smart factory strategy suitable for the company considering the characteristics of industry and business environment.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.11
• /
• pp.17-22
• /
• 2021

In this paper, a machine learning-based automatic infographic recommendation system is proposed to improve the existing infographic production method. This system consists of a part that machine learning multiple infographic images and a part that automatically recommends infographics with artificial intelligence only by inputting basic data from the user. The recommended infographics are provided in the form of a library, and additional data can be input by drag & drop method. In addition, the infographic image is designed to be dynamically adjusted according to the size of the input data. As a result of analyzing the machine learning-based automatic infographic recommendation process, the matching success rate for layout and keyword was very high, and the matching success rate for type was rather low. In the future, a study to improve the matching success rate for the image type for each part of the infographic will be needed.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.460-470
• /
• 2022

Customized cosmetics are emerging as a consumer product that companies should pay attention to in the beauty industry due to the combination of market trends and institutional introduction of customized cosmetics. In this study, six offline service brands and online service brands currently in Korea were selected to understand the current status of domestic customized cosmetics online and offline services and to derive detailed characteristics, and the cases of each brand were analyzed. The results are as follows. First, customized cosmetics services could be classified online and offline. Second, customized cosmetics brands could be divided into general brand types and brand extension types. Third, skin data measurements could be classified into genetic analysis, big data-based surveys, and device measurements. Fourth, customized cosmetics manufacturing could be classified into a device manufacturing system, a consultant manufacturing system, and an individual production process system. Fifth, customized cosmetics distribution and delivery could be classified into same-day sales, general delivery, and regular delivery. The results of this study are meaningful in that they have identified and analyzed the current status of personalized cosmetics on-line and offline systems in recent trends, and it was confirmed that creative attempts in the domestic customized cosmetics market continue to change. It is hoped that this study will provide information and ideas to the beauty industry and related experts in the future and be used as basic data for customized cosmetics marketing

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.233-240
• /
• 2023

p-type Tunnel Oxide Passivating Contacts (TOPCon) solar cell is fabricated with a poly-Si/SiO_x structure. It simultaneously achieves surface passivation and enhances the carriers' selective collection, which is a promising technology for conventional solar cells. The quality of passivation is depended on the quality of the tunnel oxide layer at the interface with the c-Si wafer, which is affected by the bond of SiO formed during the subsequent annealing process. The highest cell efficiency reported to date for the laboratory scale has increased to 26.1%, fabricated by the Institute for Solar Energy Research. The cells used a p-type float zone silicon with an interdigitated back contact (IBC) structure that fabricates poly-Si and SiO_x layer achieves the highest implied open-circuit voltage (iV_oc) is 750 mV, and the highest level of edge passivation is 40%. This review presents an overview of p-type TOPCon technologies, including the ultra-thin silicon oxide layer (SiO_x) and poly-silicon layer (poly-Si), as well as the advancement of the SiO_x and poly-Si layers. Subsequently, the limitations of improving efficiency are discussed in detail. Consequently, it is expected to provide a basis for the simplification of industrial mass production.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.763-770
• /
• 2024

Currently, land-based fish farms utilizing seawater have introduced and are utilizing various equipment such as real-time water quality monitoring systems, facility automation systems, and automated dissolved oxygen supply devices. Furthermore, data collected from various equipment in these fish farms produce structured and unstructured big data related to water quality environment, facility operations, and workplace visual information. The big data generated in the operational environment of fish farms aims to improve operational and production efficiency through the development and application of various methods. This study aims to develop a system for effectively analyzing and visualizing big data produced from land-based fish farms. It proposes a data visualization process suitable for use in a fish farm big data analysis system, develops big data visualization tools, and compares the results. Additionally, it presents intuitive visualization models for exploring and comparing big data with time-series characteristics.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.18 no.8
• /
• pp.1199-1208
• /
• 2005

Abatement of greenhouse gas emitted from ruminants and promotion of biogas energy from animal effluent were comprehensively examined in each anaerobic fermentation reactor and animal experiments. Moreover, the energy conversion efficiency of biomass energy to power generation were evaluated with a gas engine generator or proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). To mitigate safely rumen methanogenesis with nutritional manipulation the suppressing effects of some strains of lactic acid bacteria and yeast, bacteriocin, $\beta$1-4 galactooligosaccharide, plant extracts (Yucca schidigera and Quillaja saponarea), L-cysteine and/or nitrate on rumen methane emission were compared with antibiotics. For in vitro trials, cumulative methane production was evaluated using the continuous fermented gas qualification system inoculated with the strained rumen fluid from rumen fistulated Holstein cows. For in vivo, four sequential ventilated head cages equipped with a fully automated gas analyzing system were used to examine the manipulating effects of $\beta$1-4 galactooligosaccharide, lactic acid bacteria (Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides), yeast (Trichosporon serticeum), nisin and Yucca schidigera and/or nitrate on rumen methanogenesis. Furthermore, biogas energy recycled from animal effluent was evaluated with anaerobic bioreactors. Utilization of recycled energy as fuel for a co-generator and fuel cell was tested in the thermophilic biogas plant system. From the results of in vitro and in vivo trials, nitrate was shown to be a strong methane suppressor, although nitrate per se is hazardous. L-cysteine could remove this risk. $\beta$1-4 galactooligosaccharide, Candida kefyr, nisin, Yucca schidigera and Quillaja saponarea are thought to possibly control methanogenesis in the rumen. It is possible to simulate the available energy recycled through animal effluent from feed energy resources by making total energy balance sheets of the process from feed energy to recycled energy.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2021

In this study, to use as basic data for the organic waste resource energy incentive system, the energy efficiency is evaluated through the mass balance and energy balance calculation results of the anaerobic digester where food waste, food waste leachate and various organic wastes are treated. As a result of the mass balance analysis for 11 biogasification facilities, it was confirmed that 21.1% of process water and 25.7% of tap water were input in large amounts, excluding organic waste. Accordingly, it accounted for 87.6% of the total effluent of linked treated water. In addition, considering that 15.7% of the total input volume is converted to biogas and the average total solids (TS) is 22%, an average material conversion rate of 75% was confirmed. As a result of the energy balance analysis, the energy conversion rate was confirmed to be 78.5% on average by analyzing the biogas calorific value compared to the potential energy of the influent. The average biogas production efficiency including external energy sources for biogas production was 69.4%, and the biogas plant efficiency to which unused effluent energy was applied was 58.9% on average.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.57-69
• /
• 2023

In this study, we simulated induced seismicity in the Groningen natural gas reservoir using 2D hydro-mechanical coupled discrete element modelling (DEM). The code used is PFC2D (Particle Flow Code 2D), a commercial software developed by Itasca, and in order to apply to this study we further developed 1)initialization of inhomogeneous reservoir pressure distribution, 2)a non-linear pressure-time history boundary condition, 3)local stress field monitoring logic. We generated a 2D reservoir model with a size of 40 × 50 km² and a complex fault system, and simulated years of pressure depletion with a time range between 1960 and 2020. We simulated fault system failure induced by pressure depletion and reproduced the spatiotemporal distribution of induced seismicity and assessed its failure mechanism. Also, we estimated the ground subsidence distribution and confirmed its similarity to the field measurements in the Groningen region. Through this study, we confirm the feasibility of the presented 2D hydro-mechanical coupled DEM in simulating the deformation of a complex fault system by hydro-mechanical coupled processes.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.181-188
• /
• 2011

With an increasing livestock population, animal manure production has been steadily increasing in Korea. This trend has forced farmers to spend more money for animal manure treatment in their farm. Therefore, research utilizing animal manure as a renewable resources has become increasingly important. The purpose of this study was to develop a stable advanced wastewater treatment system can be applied to conventional animal wastewater treatment processes and evaluate its contribution to reduce effluent discharge volume by recycling as flushing water. AOP (advanced oxidation process) process improved wastewater treatment efficiency in terms of color, suspended solids (SS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Due to the addition of Hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$), pathogens, Salmonella and E. coli, reduction was accomplished. To enhance ozone treatment effect, three levels of ozone test on secondary effluent of pig slurry purification system were conducted. At the level of 5 g/hr, 6.7 g/hr and 8.4 g/hr color of secondary effluent of pig slurry purification system were decreased from 2,433 to 2,199, 2,433 to 1,980 and 2,433 to 243, respectively.