• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.623-629
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• 2014

For the semiconductor device safety from over current in the digital electronic circuit system must be surely designed that it's surface mount type micro fuse device. In this paper, We has analysed to the fusing character of micro fuse as a function changed thickness of thermosetting ink epoxy. To the change of thermosetting ink epoxy thickness with in production lot, in the electrically character (fusing test in the 2 multiple over current and 10 multiple over current, surface temperature test in the 1.25 multiple over current) of micro fuse has been tested. According to the electrically character result, changed thickness of thermosetting ink epoxy in designed micro fuse withheld direct effect in both end resistance changes. Also, because high thermal energy in the micro fuse test of over current was occurred to effect such as thermal runaway and explosion. Therefore, screen printing process in the design of micro fuse using thermosetting ink epoxy is very important for production quality improvement.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.189-196
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• 1999

Anaerobic digestion is a naturally occuring microbial process involving the decomposition of organic materials such as livestock manure. This study explores the effect of the operating conditions, HRT (Hydraulic Retention Time) and feeding frequency on treatment efficiency for digestion of pig slurry, which has been one of most difficult organic waste for proper treatment in livestock production industry in Korea at the present time. The pilot-scale CSTR of 5 m3 in volume was designed. manufactured, and operated at the temperature of 35$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$. The digester was designed to hydraulically stir for complete mixing and to supply heat from the water bath to maintain mesophilic temperature. The HRT of the digester for Test 1 and Test 2, and Test 3 was set for 17 days and 13 days respectively and pig slurry was fed once a day with 300$\ell$ each for Test 1 and Test 3, while twice with 150$\ell$each for Test 2. Test 2 showed better performance by increase of 4% in VS removal efficiency and 5% in biogas production rate. This is mainly attributed to smaller temperature drop by feeding frequently with half amount, which eventually led to lesser impact on anaerobic mocrobes in the digester. Test 2 maintained optimum pH 7.8 which uplifted the activaton of sulfur-reduction bacteria, alkalinity of around 4,000mg/$\ell$, VA of over 3,000mg/$\ell$ for whole period of experiment. Further research may require to provide the practical operation strategy of anaerobic treatment system for treatment of pig slurry.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.294-302
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• 2021

In this study, the 3D printing technique called design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) that is widely used in various industries was applied to marine leisure ships of equipment. The DfAM for the stanchion for crew safety was applied to the equipment used in an actual recreational craft. As design constraints, the design alternatives were not to exceed the safety and weight of the existing stainless steel material, which were reviewed, and the production of a low-cost FFF-type 3D printing method that can be used even in small shipyards was considered. Until now, additive manufacturing has been used for manufacturing only prototypes owing to its limitations of high manufacturing cost and low strength; however, in this study, it was applied to the mass production process to replace existing products. Thus, a design was developed with low manufacturing cost, adequate performance maintenance, and increased design freedom, and the optimal design was derived via structural analysis comparisons for each design alternative. In addition, a life-cycle assessment based on the ISO 1404X was conducted to develop sustainable products. Through this study, the effectiveness of additive manufacturing was examined for future applications in the shipbuilding industry.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.128-136
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• 2021

It is generally known that a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) consumes immense energy even if it can produce energy. With an aim to increase the energy independence rate of WWTP from 3.5% in 2010 to 50% in 2030, the Korean government has invested enormous research funds. In this study, cost-effective operating alternatives were investigated by analyzing the energy efficiency and economic feasibility for biogas and power generation using new and renewable energy. Based on the US EPA Energy Conservation Measures and Korea ESCO projects, energy production and independence rate were also analyzed. The main energy consumption equipment in WWTP is the blower for aeration, discharge pump for effluent, and pump for influent. Considering the processes of WWTP, the specific energy consumption rate of the process using media and MBR was the lowest (0.549 kWh/㎥) and the highest (1.427 kWh/㎥), respectively. Energy-saving by enhancing anaerobic digester efficiency was turned out to be efficient when in conjunction with stable wastewater treatment. The result of economic analysis (B/C ratio) was 2.5 for digestive gas power generation, 0.86 for small hydropower, 0.49 for solar energy, and 0.15 for wind energy, respectively. Furthermore, it was observed that the energy independence rate could be enhanced by installing energy production facilities such as solar and small hydropower and reducing energy consumption via the replacement of high-efficiency operating.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.490-497
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• 2018

Background: The growth process of ginseng seedlings is very important in producing good quality ginseng. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different microclimates on the growth characteristics of ginseng seedlings in a multi-layer bed facility. Methods and Results: Ginseng seedlings were cultivated in a three-layer bed facility. The air temperatures on the first and second floors were similar, while that on the third floor was about $1-4^{\circ}C$ higher than that on the other floors. The vapor pressure deficit (VPD) was higher inside than on the outside of the facility, and that on third floor was the highest in the multi-layer bed system. The photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence, and growth characteristics of ginseng seedlings did not significantly differ among the three floors. The yield of ginseng seedlings was the highest at $721g/1.62m^2$ on the first floor. Conclusions: It was found that microclimate plays an important role in growing ginseng seedlings in multi-layer bed facilities, and therefore proper environmental control is important. In addition, producing ginseng seedlings using multi-layer bed facilities is a technology that is expected to provide a way to overcome climate change and stabilize ginseng production.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.206-216
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• 2019

The present study identified several antecedents that create perceived resistance to supply chain management (SCM) change. This work particularly emphasizes SCM change, which is notable given its central role in reacting market orientation and varied environmental and managerial conditions. A careful case study on a small and medium sized food production company in South Korea leads to the formulation of our framework including one second-order construct of 'resistance' as well as eight first-order constructs of 'implementing the payment terms', 'balancing of business process', 'fear of responsibility', 'business sustainability transparency', 'past experience of failure', 'competence of work personnel', 'cooperation with third parties' and 'sharing personnel information with partner'. The hypothesized relation of first- and second-order construct was validated using survey sample data collected from 350 respondents who completed their questionnaire instrument. Results from confirmatory factor analysis revealed that nomological validity was established at statistical significance level by identifying six first order constructs of 'implementing the payment terms', 'fear of responsibility', 'business sustainability transparency', 'past experience of failure', a conbined construct of 'competence of work personnel/cooperation with third parties' and 'sharing personnel information with partner'. The findings from our work are expected to provide important insights to the strategy for SCM risk management for small and medium sized company.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.30
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• pp.57-88
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• 2011

Oral history is the work to make the record of the verbal content recreated by the memories of the survivors. Oral history recording is accomplished through the collaboration of the interviewee, the interviewer, the cameraman, the recorder, the transcriber and etc. Therefore, it is important for the context at the time of the production to be expressed. So planning for the collection of oral records, the collection of oral records, and their preservation and maintenance should be managed systematically. This study, being started from this sense of problem, designed conceptual model of metadata to well reflect the contextual characteristics of the oral records of the women life of among the oral records and extracted the elements through this. The whole process of records management including from planning, production, preservation, management, and leading to use, related to the oral records of the women life, was classified into a hierarchy. It also proposed the system which can express the characteristics of the 'gender' through authority records and subject thesaurus.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.362-369
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• 2021

In museums, exhibition content focuses mostly on cultural heritage's historical values and functions, but doing so tends to limit visitors' interest and immersion. To counter this limitation, the study developed an experiential media art exhibition fusing bronze mirrors' traditional production technology and modern conservation science. First, for the exhibition system, scientific cultural heritage contents were projected on the three-dimensional (3D) printed bronze mirror through interactions between motion recognition digital information display (DID) and the projector. Then, a scenario of 17 missions in four stages (production process, corrosion mechanism, scientific analysis and diagnosis, and conservation treatment and restoration) was prepared according to the temporal spectrum. Additionally, various media art effects and interaction technologies were developed, so visitors could understand and become immersed in bronze mirrors' scientific content. A user test was evaluated through the living lab, reflecting generally high levels of satisfaction (90.2 points). Qualitative evaluation was generally positive, with comments such as "easy to understand and useful as the esoteric science exhibition was combined with media art" (16.7%), "wonderful and interesting" (11.7%), and "firsthand experience was good" (9.2%). By combining an esoteric science exhibition centered on principles and theories with visual media art and by developing an immersive directing method to provide high-level exhibition technology, the exhibition induced visitors' active participation. This exhibition's content can become an important platform for expanding universal museum exhibitions on archaeology, history, and art into conservation science.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.149-161
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• 2021

The concern on the greenhouse gas emission is strongly increasing globally. In fishery industry section, the greenhouse gas emissions are an important issue according to The Paris Climate Change Accord in 2015. The Korean government has a plan to reduce the GHG emissions as 4.8% compared to the BAU in fisheries until 2020. Furthermore, the Korean government has also declared to achieve the carbon neutrality in 2050 at the Climate Adaptation Summit 2021. However, the investigation on the GHG emissions from Korean fisheries did not carry out extensively. Most studies on GHG emissions from Korean fishery have dealt with the GHG emissions by fishery classification so far. However, follow-up studies related to GHG emissions from fisheries need to evaluate the GHG emission level by species to prepare the adoption of environmental labels and declarations (ISO 14020). The purpose of this research is to investigate which degree of GHG emitted to produce the species (hairtail and small yellow croaker) from various fisheries. Here, we calculated the GHG emission to produce the species from the fisheries using the Life Cycle Assessment method. The system boundary and input parameters for each process level are defined for the LCA analysis. The fuel use coefficients of the fisheries for the species are also calculated according to the fuel type. The GHG emissions from sea activities by the fisheries will be dealt with. Furthermore, the GHG emissions for producing the unit weight species and annual production are calculated by fishery classification. The results will be helpful to understand the circumstances of GHG emissions from Korean fisheries.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.367-375
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• 2022

Background: Short-term hydroponic-cultured ginseng (sHCG), which is 1-year-old ginseng seedlings cultivated for 4 weeks in a hydroponic system, is a functional food item with several biological effects. However, the optimal extraction conditions for sHCG, and the bioactivity of its extracts, have not been evaluated. Methods: Chlorogenic acid (CGA) and ginsenoside contents were evaluated in sHCG, white ginseng (WG), and red ginseng (RG) using high-performance liquid chromatography. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the extraction conditions (temperature and ethanol concentration) to maximize the yield of dry matter, CGA, and four ginsenosides (Re, Rg₁, Rb₁, and Rd) from sHCG. The optimal extraction conditions were applied to pilot-scale production of sHCG extracts. The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/interferon (IFN)-γ-induced thymic and activation-regulated chemokines (TARC/CCL17) were measured after treatment with sHCG, WG, and RG extracts, and the effects of their bioactive compounds (CGA and four ginsenosides) on human skin keratinocytes (HaCaTs) were evaluated. Results: CGA and four ginsenosides, which are bioactive compounds of sHCG, significantly inhibited TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced TARC/CCL17 expression. The optimal sHCG extraction conditions predicted by the RSM models were 80 ℃ and 60% ethanol (v/v). The sHCG extracts produced at the pilot scale under optimal conditions greatly alleviated TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced TARC/CCL17 production compared with WG and RG extracts. Conclusions: Pesticide-free sHCG extracts, which contain high levels of CGA and the ginsenosides Re, Rg₁, Rb₁, and Rd as bioactive compounds, may have therapeutic potential for atopic diseases.