• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.73-86
• /
• 2015

The use of complimentary indicators, other than radiation dose and risk, to assess the safety of radioactive waste disposal has been discussed in a number of publications for providing the reasonable assurance of disposal safety and convincing the public audience. In this study, the radionuclide flux was selected as performance indicator to appraise the performance of engineered barriers and natural barrier in the Wolsong low- and intermediate-level waste disposal facility. Radionuclide flux showing the retention capability by each compartment of the disposal system is independent of assumptions in biosphere model and exposure pathways. The scenario considered as the normal scenario of disposal facility has been divided into intact or degraded silo concrete conditions. In the intact silo concrete, the radionuclide flux has been assessed with respect to the radionuclide retardation performance of each engineered barrier. In the degraded silo concrete, the radionuclide flux has been explored based on the performance degradation of engineered barriers and the relative significance of natural barrier quantitatively. The results can be used to optimally design the near-surface disposal facility being planned as the second project phase. In the future, additional complimentary indicators will be employed for strengthening the safety case for improving the public acceptance of low- and intermediate-level waste disposal facility.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.6
• /
• pp.163-169
• /
• 1988

This study was conducted to predict the density changes according to concentration and temperature changes under freezing point. This information is needed for the design of freezing equipment and for the efficient utilization of refrigerating system. Orange juice, Apple juice, Grape juice and Sucrose solution were used for the measurement of density in this study at the temperature range from $-5^{\circ}C$ to $-40^{\circ}C$ and at the concentration range from 10 to 40%. The unfrozen water fraction of samples was determined by Heldman's method. The density values were determined by measuring the weight of a frozen solution at each temperature with a known volume. Solutions were placed in the thick-walled aluminum tubes. When the solution was frozen the excess ice was removed with a razor until the surface of the ice was flush with the top of the aluminum tube. The tube and ice were weighted immediately. Knowing the volume, tare weight, and final weight, the density could be determined. With this procedure, the data of density and unfrozen water fraction for fruit juices and sucrose solution were collected. The density prediction models of fruit juices and sucrose solution under freezing point were established by the optimization computer program with measured experimental data.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.7
• /
• pp.490-499
• /
• 2017

In recent years, the introduction of complex systems analysis based on various variables has become more active in order to identify and analyze complex problems of Modern Society. Prediction of patients' spatial perception and usability according to the spatial arrangement of the outpatient department is a very important factor for providing high quality hospital service. For objective analysis, the standard program procedure and analysis index for the diseases of the elderly were prepared and the uniformity of the atmospheric space was evaluated through heat map analysis and quantitative analysis. In this study, 73 cells were installed and simulated to analyze the uniformity of the four alternatives according to the change of the arrangement of the medical care space, receiving space, and consultation space using the complex system analysis method for the nursing hospitals. The resulting density was derived. The results are as follows. 1)The layout of the reception space has the greatest influence on the total spatial density of the waiting space. 2) The uniformity of the waiting space can be increased by separating the examination space and the examination space. 3)The closer the location of the receiving space is from the entrance, the greater the density of the waiting space. Finally, this study applied discrete event simulation to the evaluation of uniformity of atmosphere space, and proved that the actor - based model can be utilized for utilization and evaluation as spatial analysis methodology.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.660-665
• /
• 2018

Research into underwater wireless networks that enable the monitoring and controlling of the ocean environments has been continuing for disaster prevention and military proposes, as well as for the exploitation of ocean resources throughout the world. A research group led by Hoseo university has been studying a distributed underwater monitoring and controlling network. In this study, we developed an interpolator for acoustic communication between an underwater base station controller and underwater base station, which is included in this network. The underwater acoustic communication provided by this network defines four links whose sampling rates are different. Low power consumption is one of the most important requirements. Therefore, we adopted CIC interpolators, which are known to act as filters with a low power consumption, and some CIC interpolators with an appropriate changing rate were selected depending on the link. However, these interpolators have a large passband drop and wide transition region. To solve these problems, we added a compensator and half-band filter. After verifying the algorithm by using Matlab, we designed and verified it with Verilog-HDL in a ModelSim environment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.11
• /
• pp.770-777
• /
• 2017

Building information modeling (BIM) has been receiving attention as an integrated information model instead of CAD since the 2000s. BIM technology was first used in the architectural field and was later introduced to the civil engineering field. However, the government announced a plan for the application of BIM to 20% of all SOC projects from 2020, so the adoption of BIM technology is expected to accelerate. In order to successfully adopt BIM, a systematic structure should be supported for integrated design information and implementation technology. Also, it is important to establish the relationship between information systems because many complicated factors are intertwined in the construction industry. In this study, we propose a framework for constructing integrated information through identifying the information relations for introducing BIM in the civil engineering industry. We applied this framework to a bridge project to confirm its effectiveness. This study can be applied to the integrated management of the construction process and costs by introduction of a work breakdown structure (WBS) to BIM. In addition, this study is expected to contribute to the adoption of BIM in the civil engineering field through the proposal of information system standardization in this field.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.393-399
• /
• 2017

In a reciprocating compressor, the piston and connecting rod are important parts. Excess mechanical stress on these parts may cause damage, and broken parts are expensive and difficult to replace. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the mechanical stress affecting durability and longevity. The main purpose of this study was to identify locations of maximum stress on pistons and connecting rods. Based on dynamic calculation of the working process of a specific air compressor, an analysis of piston and connecting rod performance has been completed. A three-dimensional model for the air compressor's pistons and connecting rods was built separately, and FEM analysis of these components was carried out using a numerical method. The pistons were loaded by pressure which was changed according to crankshaft angle without thermal boundary conditions. The simulation results were used to predict and estimate stress concentration as well as the value of this stress on pistons and connecting rods. The maximum equivalent stress calculated are over 190 MPa on pistons and 123 MPa on connecting rods at crank angle $135^{\circ}$ and $225^{\circ}$ but these are under tensile yield strength. Besides, the calculated safety factors of connecting rods and pistons is higher than 1. Moreover, the results obtained can be used to provide manufacturers with references to optimize the design of pistons and connecting rods for reciprocating compressors.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.1138-1149
• /
• 2017

The use of microalgal biomass is an interesting technology for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions owing to its high metal-binding capacity, but the interactions with bacteria as a strategy for the removal of toxic metals have been poorly studied. The goal of the current research was to investigate the potential of Burkholderia tropica co-immobilized with Chlorella sp. in polyurethane discs for the biosorption of Hg(II) from aqueous solutions and to evaluate the influence of different Hg(II) concentrations (0.041, 1.0, and 10 mg/l) and their exposure to different contact times corresponding to intervals of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 h. As expected, microalgal bacterial biomass adhered and grew to form a biofilm on the support. The biosorption data followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, and the adsorption equilibrium was well described by either Langmuir or Freundlich adsorption isotherm, reaching equilibrium from 1 h. In both bacterial and microalgal immobilization systems in the co-immobilization of Chlorella sp. and B. tropica to different concentrations of Hg(II), the kinetics of biosorption of Hg(II) was significantly higher before 60 min of contact time. The highest percentage of biosorption of Hg(II) achieved in the co-immobilization system was 95% at pH 6.4, at 3.6 g of biosorbent, $30{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, and a mercury concentration of 1 mg/l before 60 min of contact time. This study showed that co-immobilization with B. tropica has synergistic effects on biosorption of Hg(II) ions and merits consideration in the design of future strategies for the removal of toxic metals.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.439-464
• /
• 2016

The technical regulation and conformity assessment procedure of our country on ICT equipments is currently required to have more innovation due to the request of main trade countries, the second phase conclusion of MRA, necessity of expansion of conformity assessment service market and demand of manufacturers. The world's leading advanced countries have already proceeded with innovation based on privatization plan. According to the comparative analysis of the level, it turned out that Japan obtained the highest level of privatization while South Korea ranked the lowest level. According to the research result of examination and certification ability of private institutions of our country, it turned out that our country is expected to have possibility of achieving higher level of privatization than that of the present. Moreover, according to the questionnaire survey conducted to the persons concerned regarding privatization direction, they gave positive response to all the indicated survey contents of privatization direction in terms of "delegation of certification services to private sectors (contracting-out)", "transformation of EMC into private voluntary standard" and "changeover of conformity assessment agent". However, from the view of acceptance and conflict model, it is estimated that starting from "delegation of certification services to private sectors (contracting-out)" seems to be the most advisable plan. Also, prior to privatization, it is required to improve relevant systems such as certification examiner system.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 2014

Purpose - The ultimate goal of a franchise system comes from its win-win strategy. Agency theory uses goal incongruity to examine complex contracting problems between buyers and suppliers. Goal incongruity within a contractual relationship can be defined as the agent's desire not to cooperate. It is the degree to which the contractual terms do not satisfy the agent's goals. The greater the goal incongruity between the agent and the contract, the more likely it is that the agent will meet the terms of the contract. Thus, goal incongruity between buyers and suppliers has close relationships with both behavioral and financial performance. This study tries to examine these relationships in the franchise context using a model including related variables, such as regulatory foci, financial performance, and opportunism, to explain the reasons that not all franchisees perform their best. In particular, the study examines the effects of goal incongruity on regulatory focus, and the effects of regulatory focus on performance and opportunism. In short, the objective is to determine goal incongruity's effect on regulatory foci, and the effect of regulatory focus on performance and opportunism. Research design, data, and methodology - This study used data collected from the franchisee managers of 104 franchisors in South Korea. The franchisors include more than 10 franchisees, the majority of whom have been in business for more than five years. The study also surveyed 104 franchisees, matched with their franchisors for the sake of a dyadic approach. The study used regression analysis to test the hypotheses. Results - H1 and H2 predicted that goal incongruity would decrease promotion focus and increase prevention focus. Supporting H1, the result indicates goal incongruity had a positive effect on promotion focus. However, H2 was not supported. Goal incongruity had no significant effect on prevention focus (β = -.375, t = -4.331 and β = -.145, t = -1.950, respectively). H3 and H4 predicted that promotion focus would increase financial performance and decrease opportunism. Supporting these hypotheses, the results indicate that promotion focus had a positive effect on financial performance and a negative effect on opportunism (β = .771, t = 7.899 and β = -.765, t = -6.778, respectively). H5 and H6 predicted that prevention focus would decrease financial performance and increase opportunism. However, the results do not support these hypotheses. The results indicate that prevention focus had no effects on opportunism or financial performance (β = -.130, t = -1.070 and β = .090, t = .641, respectively). Overall, the evidence generally supported the hypotheses. Conclusion - Goal incongruity between a franchisor and a franchisee increases the franchisee's financial performance and opportunism, and the relationship is mediated by promotion focus. Interestingly, however, prevention focus has no mediating effect between goal incongruity and performance. Even though no significant relation exists between goal incongruity and prevention focus, the results have two implications. First, decreasing goal incongruity can improve financial performance and suppress franchisee opportunism. Second, the relationship between goal incongruity and performance affects promotion-focused franchisees.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
• /
• v.9 no.12
• /
• pp.55-61
• /
• 2018

Purpose - It suggests that making a policy and strategies for a way of Dubai has a strong priority strategy on science and technology by using much oil dollars to prepare risk when oil dollar's decrease. This has been now investigated how the leading innovator has changed the periphery countries. Research design, data, and methodology - Analyze policy, status, what other neighbouring Middle East countries also want to benchmark a successful case of a leading Dubai strategy. Higher manpower is needed absolutely to develop S&T. and etc. Dubai and Arab countries establish university to nurture as well as invite the talented manpower from overseas to recover deficient manpower. Dubai built totally academy city and invited branch of the overseas famous university, and Saudi Arabia built university(KAUST) and invite faculty and support good scholarship for students. Abrab countries especially, This is studied the process of differentiating and integrating the migrant workers of these cities into the globalized cities. This has resulted in large-scale employment for foreign and local companies in these cities and the spread of science and innovation. Results - Dubai supports venture or SMEs by using a strong priority strategy and attracts foreigner's investor, with which the neighbouring countries have been preparing together for 4th wave. It demonstrates that the gravitational model has been activated from neighboring countries of innovation science to create Dubai's hub. The maturity of long-term urban innovation is related to innovation capability through the national response and review. As a result, the flow of skilled international migration has been localized because of the mutual intersection with the local employment structure, and the development has spread as it spreads to neighboring countries. Conclusion - For the exploiting of new Distribution market in the neighbouring countries, Middle East countries' a strong priority strategy on S&T and education system give an influence on economic situation of the 4th wave in the world and world order of leading by USA, Japan, or EU, and etc. This is due to the creation of clusters in the form of SEZs, friendly industrial policies and world-class infrastructure and innovation development. Its neighbours benchmark the cases of distribution of science innovation and centralizes the surrounding people.