• Title/Summary/Keyword: Synthesis

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Concise Synthesis of Flurbiprofen via Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions (팔라듐 촉매하 결합반응을 이용한 플루비프로펜의 간결한 합성)

  • Han, Young Taek
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.59 no.2
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    • pp.66-69
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    • 2015

  • A concise synthesis of flurbiprofen, a member of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory 2-arylpropionic acids, has been accomplished. The key feature of this synthesis involves successive palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions. In particular, a 2-arylacylate intermediate, which easily converted to the key 2-arylpropionic acid scaffold, was afforded by a versatile palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reaction between diazopropanate and bisphenylboronic acid. This synthetic procedure would facilitate synthesis of the flurbiprofen and anti-inflammatory 2-arylpropionic acid derivatives.

  • https://doi.org/10.17480/psk.2015.59.2.66 인용 PDF KSCI

The Effects of Chungganhaeju-Tang on glutathione synthesis in HepG2 cell (청간해주탕(淸肝解酒湯)이 인체간세포의 Glutathione 생성에 미치는 영향)

  • Yoon Yeo-Kwang;Lee Jang-Hoon;Woo Hong-Jung;Kim Young-Chul
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.81-91
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    • 2004

  • Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of Chungganhaeju-Tang on alcohol induced human hepatic cell apoptosis by synthesis of glutathione. Methods : The amount of glutathione in HepG2 cell was measured with colorimetric glutathione assay kit and glutathione-conjugated CDNB(1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene) at $37^{\circ}C$ and then measured by spectrometry to assess the activity of glutathione S-transferase. Results : The synthesis of glutathione and the activity of glutathione S-transferase in HepG2 cell were promoted by Chungganhaeju-Tang and increased in dose/time-dependent manner. Chungganhaeju-Tang inhibited apoptosis induced by ethanol and acetaldehyde dependent to treatment dosage. In Buthione sulfoximine, a glutathione synthesis inhibitor, treated case, the synthesis of glutathione was inhibited and in Chungganhaeju-Tang treated case, the synthesis of glutathione is promoted with or without Buthione sulfoximine. The present findings suggest that Chungganhaeju-Tang inhibits alcohol induced apoptosis by synthesis of glutathione in HepG2 cell. Conclusions : The result indicates that Chungganhaeju-Tang protects human hepatic cell by glutathione synthesis and made the liver recover from alcohol induced damage.

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SYNTHESIS OF NANO-SIZED IRON FOR REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION. 2. Effects of Synthesis Conditions on Iron Reactivities

  • Song, Ho-Cheol;Carraway, Elizabeth R.;Kim, Young-Hun
    • Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.174-180
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    • 2005

  • Nano-sized iron was synthesized using borohydride reduction of $Fe^{3+}$ in aqueous solution. A wide range of synthesis conditions including varying concentrations of reagents, reagent feeding rate, and solution pH was applied in an aqueous system under anaerobic condition. The reactivity of nano-sized iron from each synthesis was evaluated by reacting the iron with TCE in batch systems. Evidence obtained from this study suggest the reactivity of iron is strongly dependent on the synthesis solution pH. The iron reactivity increased as solution pH decreased. More rapid TCE reduction was observed for iron samples synthesized from higher initial $Fe^{3+}$ concentration, which resulted in lower solution pH during the synthesis reaction. Faster feeding of $BH_4^-$ solution to the $Fe^{3+}$ solution resulted in lower synthesis solution pH and the resultant iron samples gave higher TCE reduction rate. Lowering the pH of the solution after completion of the synthesis reaction significantly increased reactivity of iron. It is presumed that the increase in the reactivity of iron synthesized at lower pH is due to less precipitation of iron (hydr)oxides or less surface passivation of iron.

  • https://doi.org/10.4491/eer.2005.10.4.174 인용 PDF KSCI

Effect of Individual Fatty Acids on Synthesis and Secretion of Apolipoprotein and Lipoprotein in hep-G2 Cells

  • Ryowon Choue
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.27 no.9
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    • pp.910-923
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    • 1994

  • The effects of individual fatty acids, differing in their degree of unsaturation(18:0, 18:1, 18:2 and 18:3) on the biosynthesis and secretion and lipids were investigated in Hep-G2 cells. Synthesis of apolipoprotein was measured by the incorporation of 3H-leucine into apolipoprotein(d<1.21g/ml) and synthesis of lipids was measured by the incorporation of 3H-glycerol and 14C-acetate into various lipid classes. Inclusion of 1.0mM of each fatty acids into the culture medium significantly increased the synthesis of total apolipoprotein and Apo B(p<0.05). However, addition of fatty acid did not affect the synthesis of cellular and medium protein. Among different fatty acids tested, oleic acid had the greatest effect on Apo B synthesis. While stearic, linoleic and linolenic acid, all had similar effects. The secretion of triglyceride into the medium markedly increased in all fatty acid groups being 5-6 times over the albumin control. The triglyceride secretion was the highest int he oleic acid group. The secretion of phospholipid and cholesterol also increased with triglyceride output. A positive relationship existed between the output of lipoprotein-triglyceride and Apo B. Since the synthesis of Apo B was significantly increased when various fatty acids were included into the culture medium, part of the apparently stimulated synthesis of the apolipoprotein may be in response to the increased formation and secretion of lipoprotein lipids.

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