• Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.7-23
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• 2008

This paper investigates tonal patterns of the prosodic constituents of an AP and a PWD in Korean and their relation with the morphological/syntactic structure. Specifically, this paper asks the following questions: First, if there are more than one PWD in an AP, how is each PWD specified in terms of tones? Secondly, in case that there is only one PWD in an AP that consists of several morphemes, is there any preference of the association between tones and the morphemes that constitute that PWD? Thirdly, if an AP dominates a PWD and if a PWD contains at least one morpheme of the lexical category, it follows that an AP should contain at least one morpheme of the lexical category. Can this be verified with the experimental data? In order to answer these questions, Experiment I and II were conducted with the target material consisting of a stem and suffixes that varied in length. The results of this preliminary test show that as the number of syllables in the target material increases, the more number of an AP tonal pattern occurs in it and as a result, in some cases, an AP consisting of suffixes only may occur.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 1998

The argument-structure distributions of predicates in the speech of two roca-type aphasic patients and one Conduction-type patient are compared with both matched controls and each other on the basis of narrative production data. Whereas English-speaking agrammatics have been reported to have difficulties producing noncopular unaccusative predicates (Kegl 1995) Korean-speaking agrammatics are found not to have particular difficulties with unaccusative predicates. On the assumption that agrammatics lack specific syntactic knowledge for the processing of displaced arguments from their lexically specified positions. it is proposed that unaccusatives in Korean do not involve the displacement of arguments for Case-theoretic reasons or involve a vacuous movement. if any.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.77-95
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• 2002

This paper claims Hale and Keyser's (1992, 1993a, 2001) Lexical Relational Structure (LRS) theory should be slightly extended by allowing the syntactic principles for the “referential” component to apply to the “manner” component. Then, it shows this extension allows us to deal with most of Clark and Clark's (1979) denominal verbs, except that cases like butcher may further demand Hale and Keyser's (2001) p-signature copying treatment. It also argues that this extension is further supported by a more satisfactory treatment of the distribution of non-bridge verbs, and of an asymmetry in ditransitive passives.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.3_4
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• pp.268-277
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• 2003

A document type definition(DTD) which defines tags for a document is a XML document grammar that defines syntactic structure of a document. An XML document keeps the rules and must be parsed to check validation. To parse XML document, the deterministic parsing method of programming language is irrelevant because it does not satisfy the definition of deterministic content model in element declaration. In this paper, we consider editing of a valid XML document in syntax-directed editing environment, and we suggest the internal storage representations of syntax in DTD and theirs algorithms. The consequence is that a syntactic structure of textual DTD is transformed into graph and table structures. The table structure of DTD is interpreted the context free grammar which has attribute values and is used in syntax-directed editor for XML. We called this the XML abstract grammar and showed generated results and examples.

• Language and Information
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-29
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• 2014

Relativization is one of the common syntactic operations to merge two different clauses into a single information unit. This operation plays a pivotal role to structuralize multiple clauses cohesively as well as serves to specify the property an individual has within the context. That implies that relativization contributes to information structure of multiclausal sentences. In this context, this paper delves into information structure of relative clauses in English with an eye toward creation of a computational model from a standpoint of machine translation. The current work employs Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG, Pollard and Sag (1994)) as a theory of grammar and Minimal Recursion Semantics (MRS, Copestake et al. (2005) as a meaning representation system. Building upon these formalisms, this paper addresses how information structure of relative clauses can be represented and constrained. The current work makes use of Individual CONStraints (ICONS) for modeling relative clauses with respect to information structure. The current work also investigates which relative clause involves which information structure constraint. The present study argues that non-restrictive relative clauses impose a more specific constraint on information structure than restrictive relative clauses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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• 2002.02a
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• pp.195-204
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the lexical-semantic structure of morphologically derived passive verbs in Korean based on Pustejovsky (1995)'s Generative Lexicon Theory (GL) and to explain the change of the root verb's lexical-semantic structure by means of passivization. Passivization in this paper is defined as the unaccusaztivization. In Argument Structure of derived passive verbs, the agent argument is deleted and the theme argument is realized as a syntactic subject. As for Event Structure, derived passives express left-headed event (achievement), whereas their roots denote right-headed event (accomplishment). In Qualia Structure, passive verbs and root ones have the same Fomal Role, but in Agentive Role of passive verbs, an act weakens to a process. Both Formal and Agentive Roles have the same theme argument.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.25-58
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• 2001

This study explores the lexical-semantic structure of derived causative verbs in Korean based on Pustejovsky(1995)'s Generative Lexicon Theory (GL), Mor-phological causative verbs are derived from their root stems by affixing ‘-i, -hi, -li, -gi’ in Korean and the meanings of derived predicates are closely related to the meanings of their root verbs. In particular, the change of the ARGUMENT STRUCTURE by morphological derivation leads to the change of the EVENT STRUCTURE. In this study, causation is defined as the cause-effect relation having a causer. The ARGUMENT STRUCTURES of derived causative verbs includes a causer argument, which is added to the ARGUMENT STRUCTURE of their root verbs. Their EVENT STRUCTURE has a headed process related to a causer and their result is the event which their root verbs represent. This approach can also suggest that the (in)directness of causative is determined by which verb is its root and explain the difference between the morphological causativization and the syntactic causativization in Korean.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.61-68
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to investigate the prosodic aspects of ambiguous sentences in Korean produced by Chinese Korean Learners (L1: Chinese, L2: Korean). In Korean, sentence ambiguity can be caused by homonym or syntactically ambiguous structure. In spoken language however all ambiguity can be resolved by different prosodic features according to the meaning that they transmit. In this study we examined whether Chinese Korean Leaners also distinguish, in production, ambiguous sentences on the basis of prosodic characteristics. For this study 4 Korean natives speakers and 10 advanced Chinese Korean learners participated in the production test. The material analysed constituted 10 Korean sentences in which 6 sentences are lexically ambiguous and 4 sentences contain structural ambiguity. The results show that Korean native speakers produced ambiguous sentences by different prosodic structure depending on their semantic and syntactic structure. Chinese speakers also show distinct prosodic structure for different ambiguous sentences in most cases. But in the phonetic realization, the internal pitch range was greater for Korean native speakers than Chinese learners.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1247-1259
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 한국어 문장형성원리를 간결하게 제시할 수 있도록 X-바 이론의 중심어 개념을 도입한 한국어 자질기반 문법을 제안한다. 제안하는 문법은 어절에 관계없이 나타나는 한국어의 문법현상을 명확히 설명할 수 있도록 어절 대신 형태소를 기본단위로 한다. 그리고, 한국어의 구문범주가 지닌 의미정보와 기능정보를 자질을 이용하여 독립적으로 표현하며, 구문범주간의 결합관계를 바탕으로 하는 자질연산을 수행하여 문장을 분석한다. 또한, 한국어의 부분자유어순과 생략현상에 대해 견고하게 분석할 수 있도록 자질연산을 이진결합중심의 CNF(Chomsky Normal Form)로 제한한다. 이렇게 구성된 한국어 자질기반 문법은 규칙을 직관적이고도 간단하게 기술하며, 한국어의 다양한 문장들을 견고하게 분석한다. SERI Test Suites 97과 신문기사에서 746문장을 추출하여 실험한 결과 94%~99%의 적용율을 보였다.Abstract In this paper, we propose a Korean feature-based grammar(KFG) which adopts the X-bar theoretic notion of headedness for a precise representation of Korean syntactic structure. In order to explain various language phenomena in a given sentence, we use not the word but the morpheme as a constituent unit of KFG. We use features manifesting both the syntactic information and the semantic information of Korean syntactic categories, and feature operations based on the association relationship between two categories. In addition, we restrict feature operations to CNF(Chomsky Normal Form) binary form, which provides a robust representation for properties in Korean such as the frequent ellipsis and the partial free-order. The KFG is intuitive, simple, and versatile in representing most Korean sentences. The experimental result shows 94%~99% coverage on 746 sentences extracted from SERI Test Suites 97 and newspaper sentences.

• 중국학논총
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• no.53
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• pp.1-16
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• 2017

The grammatical meaning of "了", a marker of aspects in Mandarin has been described differently among researchers, three of which are to express the end, a certain phase of event and the start of an event or a state. This paper consists of four parts. Set out below is a summary of main points of each part. The first chapter elaborates on the results of previous related studies, points out the purpose and meaning of the current study. Chapter two introduces marked "了" including concepts of the meaning and "Done", "complete whole", "realization" Corresponds to the case study. And explains syntactic and semantic features of the "了", highlights the look "of the了" problems of syntax and semantics, "了2" made three domains Limit 3 Including of the knowledge. This chapter holds that its grammartical meaning can be described as follows an event has taken place or a state has formed prior to a certain reference time, and that the grammartical meanings mentioned above can be considered sub - grammartical meanings of "了",which result from different prominence of the phases of an event. Chapter three explains tag component of the "了1", "了2". It discusses limited constraints, first place for "了" syntactic meaning, "The End" and "extension" of the opposition for "了" is looming around the root system, "了" and "着" sentence structure and semantic and syntactic forms. Chapter four discusses bounded features of the 了. It mainly focuses on "了"of bounded / unbounded function. It analyses the functions of components and explains a bounded function of "了1" and a bounded function of "了2". Chapter five is the conclusion. It consolidates and summarises the previous contents of the paper and points out the conclusion.