• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.367-372
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• 2014

Caffeine is widely consumed and well known for stimulating the central nervous system. When developing new foods and beverages that contain caffeine, it is important to explore the potential synergistic effects of consuming amino acids and other food ingredients with caffeine on humans. Given the physiological pathways affected by the amino acid ornithine, consumption of ornithine with caffeine may have synergistic effects. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of consuming caffeine with ornithine in humans. The study used a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover design. The subjects were all healthy office workers who ingested the placebo, 100 mg caffeine, or 100 mg caffeine plus 200 mg ornithine in the morning and completed questionnaires about their mood. Office workers who consumed the combination of caffeine and ornithine had higher mood ratings 8 h after consumption than office workers who consumed caffeine alone. The results of the present study suggest that there is a unique synergistic effect between caffeine and ornithine on the mood of healthy office workers and that ornithine may potentiate the effects of caffeine.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.759-763
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• 1993

돈지에 대한 녹차 물추출물의 항산화력을 녹차 조카테킨과 대등한 수준으로 향상시키기 위하여 적절한 상승제를 선정하고 그 첨가량을 검토하였다. 녹차 조카테킨의 항산화력은 물추출물보다 약 3.3배 강하였다. 녹차 물추출물의 항산화 상승제로는 ${\delta}-tocopherol$과 레시틴이 적당하였으나 이 두 가지의 상승성은 서로 달랐다. 즉, 녹차 물추출물과 혼합된 ${\delta}-tocopherol$은 첨가량 0.05%까지 현저한 상승효과를 보였으나 그 이후는 변화가 없었으며, ${\delta}-tocopherol$의 상승효과는 녹차 물추출물이 0.1% 이상 첨가되면 오히려 감소하였다. 반면에 녹차 물추출물과 레시틴이 혼합된 시료에서는 각각의 첨가량이 증가할수록 상승효과가 계속 향상되는 경향을 보였다. 한편, ${\delta}-tocopherol$과 레시틴의 복합적인 상승효과를 보기 위하여 이들을 녹차 물추출물과 병용한 결과 대단히 높은 항산화 상승효과가 나타났으며, 돈지에 녹차 물추출물 0.1%, ${\delta}-tocopherol$ 0.05% 및 레시틴 1.0%를 첨가한 시료의 항산화력은 무첨가구의 약 8.1배, 녹차 조카테킨 0.1%와 1%를 첨가한 경우보다 각각 1.6배 및 1.2배 강하게 나타났다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.185-189
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• 1994

The eight combined products composed of ranitidine.HCI, tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate and sucralfate were prepared with various ratios and studied in therapeutic effects of them on various gastrointestinal diseases. These were induced in rats with the porous ligation, ethanol-HCI, acetic acid and cysteamine method, etc. In all experimental setting, the effect of the combined treating was more pronounced than the effect of each drug alone. Specially, the combined treatment consisted of ranitidine : tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate sucralfate ratio of 1.5 : 2 : 6 showed the most powerful therapeutic effect on acute gastric ulcer model and revealed a significant acceleration of the healing on chronic gastroduodenal ulcer model. And that, therapeutic doses of ranitidine, tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate arid sucralfate given in combination had an additive or, in some case, synergistic effect. From the above results, this combined treatment may useful to heal the gastrointestinal diseases that aren't cured well by treatment of each them alone.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1814-1822
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• 2018

Most people use cosmetics to protect their skin. Preservatives are often used to prevent their contamination upon use. There has been a great demand for natural preservatives due to recent reports on the side effects of parabens. Therefore, we evaluated the antimicrobial activities of Lonicera japonica and Magnolia obovata extracts and determined their potential as natural preservatives. We found that the 50% ethanol extract from L. japonica had antibacterial activity only against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, while the ethyl acetate fraction showed antimicrobial activity against all six microbial strains tested. On the other hand, the 70% ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction from M. obovata showed antimicrobial activity against all six strains. A synergistic effect against S. aureus, B. subtilis, and C. albicans was confirmed when two ethyl acetate fractions having antimicrobial activity against all six strains were used in combination. Synergistic activity against B. subtilis was also confirmed through kill-time analysis. High-performance liquid chromatography was performed to identify the components of each extract. Based on the minimum inhibitory concentration and the results of a disc diffusion assay, we confirmed that caffeic acid and luteolin influenced the antimicrobial activity of L. japonica and that the antimicrobial activity of M. obovata was influenced by the interaction of magnolol and honokiol with other components. Therefore, this study suggests that the combination of L. japonica and M. obovata extracts may be used as a plant-derived natural preservative.

• BMB Reports
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• 제55권10호
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• pp.506-511
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• 2022

Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most challenging cancers to overcome, and there is a need for better therapeutic strategies. Among the different cancer drugs that have been used in clinics, sorafenib is considered the standard first-line drug for advanced HCC. Here, to identify a chemical compound displaying a synergistic effect with sorafenib in HCC, we screened a focused chemical library and found that MG149, a histone acetyltransferase inhibitor targeting the MYST family, exhibited the most synergistic anticancer effect with sorafenib on HCC cells. The combination of sorafenib and MG149 exerted a synergistic anti-proliferation effect on HCC cells by inducing apoptotic cell death. We revealed that cotreatment with sorafenib and MG149 aggravated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to promote the death of HCC cells rather than adaptive cell survival. In addition, combined treatment with sorafenib and MG149 significantly increased the intracellular levels of unfolded proteins and reactive oxygen species, which upregulated ER stress. Collectively, these results suggest that MG149 has the potential to improve the efficacy of sorafenib in advanced HCC via the upregulation of cytotoxic ER stress.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2001

Methanol extract and solvent fractions of Aster scaber Thunb. were tested to elucidate antioxidative characteristics in vitro. Methanol extract showed strong inhibition on linoleic acid autoxidation and conjugated diene production. Hexane and diethyl ether fractions showed stronger chelating effect on $10^{-4}M\;FeCl_3$ than the other fractions. Butanol fraction had the strongest capacity on $10^{-3}M\;CuSO_4$ similar to ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Synergistic effect of butanol fraction with histidine, methionine, and lysine on linoleic acid autoxidation had been observed. Contents of total phenol, vitamin E, vitamin C, and carotenoid were evaluated. From the results, Aster scaber Thunb. could be expected to play a role as an antioxidant in vivo.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제23권1호통권97호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2007

This study investigated the antioxidant and synergistic effects and nitrite scavenging ability of some phenolic compounds(catechin, rutin, quercetin and naringin), The electron donating abilities of naringin, quercetin, rutin and catechin were 6.7%, 92.8%, 87.6% and 92.21%, respectively, The antioxidant activities in O/W emulsion substrates were in order of rutin > quercetin > catechin > naringin. The antioxidant effect of rutin was stranger than that of BHT or ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. ${\alpha}$-tocopherol showed synergistic effect with catechin and quercetin, but ascorbic acid not showed effect. The nitrite scavenging abilities of catechin, quercetin, rutin and naringin were 99.9%, 98.6%, 25.5% and 0.2%, respectively. The nitrite scavenging abilities of quercetin and actechin were very potent as compared with those of BHT and ascorbic acid.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.904-909
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• 2009

The beneficial effects derived from consuming natural antioxidants may not depend on the action of an individual antioxidant, but rather on the concerted action of several antioxidants naturally present. The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations and combinations of antioxidants that can produce synergistic effects (SyEs). Quantification of the lipoperoxyl radical scavenging capacity of antioxidants was carried out in a homogeneous model system where the free radicals were produced by the oxidation of methyl linoleate, initiated by the 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile). The greatest SyE (2.21, p<0.05) was seen in mixtures of all 4 antioxidants when used with concentrations of 15 ${\mu}M$ lycopene, 2.5 ${\mu}M$ vitamin E, 0.16 ${\mu}M$ vitamin C, and 10 ${\mu}M$ ${\beta}-carotene$. Doubling the vitamin E concentration from 2.5 to 5.0 ${\mu}M$ in the mixture with all 4 antioxidant reduced the SyE to 1.69 (p<0.05). Other combinations produced synergistic effects that ranged from 1.28 to 1.41.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.1015-1020
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• 2019

Staphylococcus aureus is a representative pathogenic bacterium carefully controlled in the dairy industry because it causes bovine mastitis and thus, can enter the dairy chain. Furthermore, the emergence of multi-drug resistant S. aureus is a big problem. We previously isolated a Lactococcus lactis strain producing a bacteriocin that exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. In this study, we investigated the synergistic inhibition of S. aureus by the bacteriocin and a bacteriophage (SAP84) which is specific to the organism. The bacteriocin (12.5-100 AU/mL) inhibited the growth of S. aureus KCTC 3881 in a dose-dependent manner, as did the bacteriophage SAP84 (0.001-1 MOI; multiplicity of infection). Co-treatment with the bacteriocin (100 AU/mL) and the bacteriophage (0.1 MOI) significantly inhibited the growth of S. aureus compared to each treatment alone (bacteriocin or bacteriophage), indicating the two components showed synergistic inhibition of S. aureus. Therefore, the bacteriocin and bacteriophage combination can be used as a good strategy for controlling pathogenic bacteria.

• 자연과학논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 1999

4-NQO에 대한 감수성을 이용한 A.nidulans uvs 유전자들의 epistatic grouping은 자외선 및 MMS의 감수성을 이용한 grouping과 동일한 결과를 보였다. 한편, MMS에 대한 감수성을 기준으로 분류한 epistasis group에서 uvsA는 UvsF group 유전자인 uvsF 및 uvsH와 synergistic interaction을 보였으며, uvsA;uvsB 및 uvsA;uvsC 이배체는 uvsB, uvsC의 반수체와 동일한 감수성을 나타내었다. Germination한 뒤 4시간 후의 자외선 감수성을 기준으로 한 uvsI의 epistatic grouping은 conidia 상태에서 자외선을 쬐어 조사한 grouping과 유사하여, uvsH, uvsC, uvsB와 synergistic interaction을 보였다. 하지만, quiescent conidia 상태에서의 additive effect를 보인 uvsI와 uvsF 돌연변이체는 4h germination 후에는 epistatic interaction을 나타내었다. uvsI 돌연변이체의 Intergenic-intragenic recombination frequency는 야생주와 유사하였다.